1850 Counties of Mississippi
| County | Description | Area in sq miles | Courts held at | Pop in 1850 |
| Adams | southwest part on MS & Homochitto rivers | 600 | Natchez | 18,069 |
| Amite | southwest part | 720 | Liberty | 9,694 |
| Attala | central part, drained by Black & Pearl rivers | 729 | Kosciusko | 10,999 |
| Bolivar | on western boundary, on east side of Mississippi river | 1,700 | Bolivar | 2,577 |
| Carroll | toward the northwest part, east side of Yazoo river | 950 | Carrollton | 18, 945 |
| Chickasaw | northern part | 970 | Houston | 16,368 |
| Choctaw | central part | 920 | Greensborough | 11,402 |
| Claiborne | western boundary, on east side of Mississippi river & Big Black river on northwest | 500 | Fort Gibson | 14,899 |
| Clarke | east boundary, water by Chicksaw river | 650 | Quitman | 5,477 |
| Coahoma | western boundary, water by Sunflower river | 680 | Coahoma Court House | 2,724 |
| Copiah | southwest part, Pearl river on northeast side | 900 | Gallatin | 11,794 |
| Covington | southern part | 960 | Williamsburg | 3,358 |
| De Soto | northern boundary | 925 | Hernando | 19,042 |
| Franklin | south western part | 720 | Meadville | 5,904 |
| Greene | eastern boundary, crossed by Chicksawha river | 864 | Leakesville | 2,018 |
| Hancock | southern part, Pearl river on west, Gulf of Mexico on south | 1680 | Sheildsborough | 3,672 |
| Harrison | southern boundary, Gulf of Mexico on south, Pearl river on west | blank | Mississippi City | 4,875 |
| Hinds | western part, Pearl river on east & Big Black river on west | 875 | Raymond | 25,340 |
| Holmes | western part, Big Black river on east, Yazoo river on west | 600 | Lexington | 13,928 |
| Issaquena | western boundary, Mississippi river on west & Yazoo river on southeast | blank | Tallulah | 4,478 |
| Itawamba | eastern boundary, crossed by Little Tombigbee river | 900 | Fulton | 13,528 |
| Jackson | southeast corner, on Gulf of Mexico, crossed by Pascagoula river | 1175 | Jackson Court House | 3,196 |
| Jasper | south eastern part | 650 | Paulding | 6,184 |
| Jefferson | western boundary, on east side of Mississippi river | 630 | Fayette | 13,193 |
| Jones | south eastern part | 672 | Ellisville | 2,164 |
| Kemper | east boundary | 750 | De Kalb | 12,517 |
| Lafayette | northern part | 790 | Oxford | 14,069 |
| Lauderdale | east boundary | 700 | Marion | 8,708 |
| Lawrence | southern part, crossed by Pearl river | 790 | Monticello | 6,478 |
| Leake | central part | 576 | Carthage | 5,533 |
| Lowndes | eastern boundary, crossed by Tombigbee river | 324 | Columbus | 19,544 |
| Madison | central part, Big Black river on northwest & Pearl river on southwest | 548 | Canton | 18,173 |
| Marion | southern boundary, crossed by Pearl river | 1476 | Columbia | 4,410 |
| Marshall | northern boundary | 800 | Holly Springs | 29,689 |
| Monroe | eastern boundary, crossed by Little Tombigbee river | 650 | Athens | 21,172 |
| Neshoba | eastern part | 600 | Philadelphia | 4,728 |
| Newton | toward eastern part | 540 | Decatur | 4,465 |
| Noxubee | east boundary | 680 | Macon | 16,299 |
| Oktibbeha | eastern part | 625 | Starkeville | 9,171 |
| Panola | in north western part, crossed by Tallahatchie river | 760 | Panola | 11,444 |
| Perry | southeast part, crossed by Leaf river | 1011 | Augusta | 2,438 |
| Pike | south boundary | 864 | Holmesville | 13,309 |
| Pontotoc | northeast part | 900 | Pontotoc | 17,112 |
| Rankin | central part, Pearl river on northwest | 800 | Brandon | 7,227 |
| Scott | central part | 576 | Hillsborough | 3,961 |
| Simpson | southern part, Pearl river on west | 550 | Westville | 4,734 |
| Smith | toward southeast part | 520 | Raleigh | 4,071 |
| Sun Flower | west part, Yazoo river on east, crossed by Sun Flower river | blank | blank | 1,102 |
| Tallahatchee | in north western part, crossed by Yazoo river | 1188 | Charleston | 4,643 |
| Tippah | on north boundary | 1000 | Ripley | 20,741 |
| Tishomingo | in northeast corner, Tennessee river on northeast | 1300 | Jacinto | 15,490 |
| Tunica | on western boundary, Mississippi river on west | 600 | Peyton | 1,304 |
| Warren | on west boundary, Mississippi river on west, Big Black on southeast, crossed by Yazoo river | 600 | Vicksburg | 18,121 |
| Washington | on west boundary, Mississippi river on west, Yazoo river on east | 2420 | Greenville | 8,389 |
| Wayne | on east boundary | 790 | Winchester | 2,892 |
| Wilkinson | at southwest corner, Mississippi river on west | 580 | Woodville | 16,720 |
| Winston | in eastern part | 720 | Louisville | 7,956 |
| Yallabusha | toward north part, crossed by Yallabusha river | 720 | Coffeeville | 17,258 |
| Yazoo | in western part, Yazoo river on northwest, Big Black river on southeast | 650 | Benton | 14,118 |