Biographical Sketches

BOON TOWNSHIP.

THOMAS S. ADAMS, the only living child of Joseph and Nancy (Barton) Adams, was born in Cumberland County, Ky., June 22, 1813. Joseph Adams and wife were natives of the Old Dominion, from whence they removed to Warrick County, Ind., in December, 1817. He was appointed County Treasurer a few years after coming here, serving until his death, in March 1831. His widow died in about 1869. Thomas S. Adams is one of the oldest and most favorably known of the old pioneers of Warrick County now living here. He secured in boyhood only a limited education from the subscription schools of his day, and for a life's occupation chose farming. After his father's death he managed the old homestead until the division of the property among the heirs, when he with commendable spirit and fraternal love, transferred his portion of the estate to his younger brothers. Then beginning life by purchasing eighty acres of adjoining land on credit, he cleared the incumbrance by the profit on one year's tobacco crop, and from that time gradually added to his farm until he now owns over 500 acres of land in this and Skelton Townships. Having retired from active work Mr. Adams maintains control over his'lands, which are being worked by a step-son. He helped organize the Cumberland Presbyterian Church of Boonville, of which he is a member. Is a staunch Republican in politics, and although by no means an office-seeker, has served Boon Township several terms as Trustee with credit. In October, 1847, he married Elizabeth DeForrest, who bore him two children, and died in 1851. In April, 1861, he wedded Mrs. Martha A. White, by whom he was the father of one child, since deceased. Mrs. Adams is a member of the United Presbyterian Church.

C. W. ARMSTRONG, partner in the legal firm of Handy, Armstrong & Cockrum, is the eldest in a large family of children born to Stephen and Nancy (Bennett) Armstrong, who were natives respectively of Indiana and Ohio, and are now residents of Spencer County, this State. C. W. Armstrong was born in Evansville, Ind., January 30, 1846, but when only one year old his parents removed to Newburgh, in this county, where he was reared and received his early schooling. At the age of eighteen years he began the study of law in the office of J. G. Dailey, of Boonville, remaining with him about one year and a half, when he entered the Cincinnati Law School. In 1867 Mr. Armstrong opened an office for the practice of his profession in Evansville, but shortly thereafter was compelled to relinquish legal pursuits, by reason of failing health, and for some time following was engaged in boating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. In 1872 he came to Boonville, and since then has resided at this place, actively engaged in the practice of law. He was first associated with J. G. Dailey, then with J. D. Cockrum, and finally, as he is now situated. Mr. Armstrong is a Mason of the Royal Arch degree, an Odd Fellow and a Democrat. June 2, 1875, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Curtis, daughter of Samuel H. Curtis, one of the best known men of Warrick County.

SIMON L. BAKER, farmer, is a native of Warrick County, Ind., born August 22,183G, being the elder of two children born to John Mc. and Martha H. (Littlepage) Baker, natives respectively of Tennessee and Virginia. John Mc. came with his father. Edward Baker, to Warrick County, Ind., in 1816, and was raised on a farm in Boon Township, where he died September 16, 1839. His wife is still living, and resides in California. Simon L. Baker was raised on a farm with his parents, receiving a limited education, and at the age of fifteen went with his family to Spencer County, but one year later they moved to Illinois, where he remained until eighteen years of age, returning then to Warrick County and following farming until the breaking out of the war. He enlisted in Company E., Sixty- fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving three years as private, engaging in the battle of Nashville, siege of Atlanta, and participating in many of the hard-fought battles of the campaign. At the close of the war he returned to his native county and located on the farm upon which he now lives. In connection with general farming he devotes a part of his time to tobacco raising and carpentering. January 14,1863, his marriage with Eliza J. Judd, of Warrick County, was solemnized, and by her he is the father of four children, these three jet living: Cora, Sophia V. and Francis. Mr. Baker is a Prohibitionist in politics, and he and wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church.

FRANK BAKER, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born June 25, 1852, the fourth in a family of ten children born to Willis H. and Mary J. (Dillingham) Baker, who were natives of Indiana and New York respectively. Willis H. Baker was born in Warrick County on the farm where Frank Baker now lives, his father having been one of the very first settlers in the county. After his father's death he assumed charge of the farm, and November 14, 1843, was married. He was an enterprising and successful farmer and led an exemplary life; his death occurred November 4, 1884. His widow came to Warrick County with her parents about the year 1840, and Charles Dillingham, her father, was one of the early and prominent settlers. Frank Baker was raised on the farm with his parents, receiving a good common school education. He has always lived on the old homestead farm and helped manage it for his father, farming some for himself until the latter's death, when he came into possession of a good farm of about 125 acres. He lives with his mother upon eighty acres owned by her, in one of the best residences in the township. In 1878 they found, while plowing, coal on their farm, and began prospecting with a view to mining it. They reached a five- foot, six-inch vein of a superior quality of bituminous coal at an average depth of thirty feet below the surface. Mr. Baker has the bank in active operation and is furnishing coal for the neighborhood. He will open it on a more extensive scale in a short time and expects to compete with any of the mines of the county. March 4, 1884, he married Carrie Carter, of Warrick County. Mr. Baker is a Republican in politics and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His mother belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church, of which she has been a member since seventeen years old.

LEWIS A. BAKER, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born July 18, 18;-i8, the oldest of five children born to Wilbern and Priscilla (Matthews) Baker, both of whom were also natives of this county, while his paternal grandparents were among the county's earliest pioneers. Lewis A. Baker, as did his father before him, has followed farming principally through life. He began first with eighty acres of land, to which he added from time to time as his means increased, until he now owns over 400 acres of choice land. The fall of 1880 he moved to Boonville and embarked in the retail agricultural implement business. Having passed the greater part of his life in farming he experimentally knows which class of machines, etc., are best adapted to the farming community, and this being widely known has given him a large and lucrative trade. Mr. Baker has been prominent in the public affairs of the county for years, serving one term as President and four years as Treasurer of the County Agricultural Society. In politics he is a Democrat. December 17. 1858, Martha A. Pyeatt became his wife and to their union a family of five children have been born, the following-named yet living: Robert B., J. Nathan, Martha Helen and O. Elvin. The mother is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

ROBERT B. BAKER, the son of Lewis A. Baker, a sketch of whom precedes this, is a native of this county, his birth occurring June 24, 1861. He was reared on a farm in Boon Township, securing in early youth the ordinary country school education, afterward entering the Boonville graded schools, where he obtained a more extensive knowledge of the English branches, including mathematics, etc. On the 23d of February, 1882, he was united in marriage with Miss Sadie E. Hinman, a

JOHN W. BATEMAN, a native of Amherst County, Va., was born November 26, 1825, the eldest of five children born to Alexander and Susan (Phillips) Bateman, who were natives of the Old Dominion. In 1811 this family removed to Kentucky, where the father followed farming until his death in about 1836. The mother departed this life some four years later than her husband. John W. received only a limited education, and until the close of the Mexican war followed farming in Kentucky. In 1849 he removed to Warrick County, Ind., with his brother and three sisters, and purchased eighty acres of land a few miles west of Boonville, where he has resided up to the present time, farming and dealing in tobacco. He has been uncommonly successful in this combined business, and is the owner of about 600 acres of good land in different portions of Boon Township. March 28, 18)0, he was united in matrimony with Elizabeth Gray, of this county, by whom he is the father of ten children, named Susan A., now Mrs. Wyatt Pace; Alexander M.; William J.; Samuel H.; Mary J.; John W.; Joseph H.; Sarah Ambrazilla; Ulysses S. Grant; and Benjamin K. Mr. Bateman served in the war with Mexico as Second Musician, and during the Rebellion took strong grounds in the support of Lincoln's administration. He is a Republican, a member of the I. O. O. F., and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

WINSTON BARTON, deceased, was born in Kentucky in the year 1813, being a son of Thomas and Susan (Alexander) Barton. He was raised to manhood on a farm in his native State, and shortly after attaining his majority came to Warrick County, Ind., purchasing a farm northwest of Boonville. He followed agricultural pursuits the remainder of his days in Boon Township, his death occurring January 20, 1872. Mr. Barton was one of the county's best citizens. Unassuming in his manners, he was nevertheless firm in his belief, and especially was this the case during the late war, when he took advanced grounds in favor of the preservation of the Union. He was a loving husband, a kind and considerate father, and a member of the United Brethren Church. To his marriage with Mary A. Bateman, which occurred in 1850, eight children were born, these named yet living: Sarah C., Samuel C., Lucy (Mrs. Charles Birkemback), Mary J., Albert and Alice, the two last named being twins. Mrs. Barton is still living, and is a member of the United Brethren Church.

AUGUST BECKER was born in Germany, November 28, 1850, the fifth child of Jacob and Caroline Becker, both natives of the same country, where the father lived and died February 21, 1853. The mother is yet living in this county at the age of seventy-two years. Our subject and his mother came to this county in 1857, and located on a farm in Skelton Township. In youth his education was meager, but since reaching man's estate he has acquired enough for the transactions of life. He farmed until his twenty-second year, then engaged in the marble business at Boonville, and continued with much success until December, 1884, when he leased the hotel of his brother, which he has since refitted and refurnished. He now owns valuable property in Boonville, and a good business house in Huntingburgh. He is an active Democrat, and was a candidate before the Democratic County Convention for the office of Sheriff in 1882 and 1884, but was defeated by a stronger faction. March 18, 1875, he married Louisa E. Holcwarth, of Newburgh, and by her is the father of four children: Amelia, August F., Otto L. and John C. He is a K. of P. and an A. O. U. W., and he and wife are members of the German Lutheran Church.

JEROME S. BEELER, M. D., is a native of this county, born October 8, 1849, the eldest of three children born to Henry and Sidney (Patten) Beeler, both of whom were born in Hamilton County, Ohio. The father was engaged in farming and school teaching in the Buckeye State until the spring of 1847, when he moved to Boon Township, this county, purchasing a farm upon which he yet resides. Mrs. Beeler is now dead and Mr. Beeler has since married Elizabeth Abbott, by whom he is the father of three children, two yet living. The subject of this notice was raised on a farm, receiving sufficient education in youth to enable him to teach school until attaining his majority. He then read medicine with his cousin, Dr. Isaac Beeler, of Huntingburgh, remaining with him until his death. Dr. Beeler began the practice of his profession at Stendal, Ind., where he remained nine years. He then came to Boonville, where he has since resided, devoting his full time to his profession. In 1875 he graduated from the E. M. Institute of Cincinnati and in 1883 graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago. May 2, 1878, he was married to Flora Barrett, of Pike County, and to their union have been born three children, named Otis C., Delta and Lucy. Dr. Beeler is a member of the I. O. O. F. and he and wife belong to the Baptist Church.

MORRIS W. BENNETT was born in Indianapolis, October 7, 1834, one of nine children of Morris W. and Barbara A. (Shearer) Bennett. The father was born in Miama County, Ohio, August 16, 1796, and the mother near Harrisburg, Penn., November 30, 1802, and their marriage was solemnized in 1820. Two years later they came to Indianapolis and Mr. Bennett soon afterward engaged in merchandising, continuing with much profit until 1837, when he removed to Evansville and in the spring of 1841 to Boonville, where he died May 12, 1857. He was a prominent and respected citizen. His widow survived him until March 28, 1881, dying at the residence of her daughter at Midway, Spencer County. Morris W., Jr., was educated at the State University, Bloomington, and soon thereafter entered into the drug business at Boonville in partnership with Dr. W. L. Baker, continuing four years and studying medicine in the meantime. He then engaged in the dry goods trade and was thus occupied until he was appointed Deputy County Auditor. After some time he began merchandising with M. L. Fay, but two years later the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Bennett has since conducted the business alone with steadily increasing profit. Besides his large store he owns valuable property in Boonville and considerable good farm land in Warrick County. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is a member of the A. O. U. W. and a Republican. October 19,1858, he married Miss Hannah F. McClintock, of Pennsylvania, by whom he is the father of nine sons, as follows : Charles E., Clarence W., Frank V., William G., John I., George M., Harry A., Albert P. and Edward L.

ENOS W. BETHELL, a native of the county in which he now resides, was born March 16, 1846, and is one in a family of six children born to the marriage of William G. Bethell and Caroline Thompson, who were natives respectively of Tennessee and Kentucky. The father came to Warrick County with his parents at an early day, and became one of the leading men of the county. He was engaged extensively in farming and tobacco-raising in this county, but in 1880 moved to Carmi, Ill., where he still resides. Mrs. Bethell died in March, 1868. Enos W. Bethell was raised to manhood in his native county, received a good ordinary education in youth, and at twenty years of age went to Lynnville and engaged as clerk in the store of L. J. Miller & Co. for two or three years. He then came to Boonville and served three years as Deputy Treasurer under L. J. Miller, and was then elected Assistant Cashier of the Boonville Banking Company. In 1874 he was elected Cashier of the Boonville National Bank, a position he has creditably filled up to the present time. Mr. Bethell is a Democrat; has served on the Town Council of Boonville several terms. He is a member of Strangers' Rest Lodge, No. 240, F. & A. M., Warrick Chapter, No. 76, R. A. M., Simpson Council, No. 23, R. & S. M., and La Valette Commandery, No. 15, K. T., of Evansville. November 22, 1867, he married Rebecca Bingham, who died in November, 1871, leaving one son—Charley Mc. Mr. Bethell's second marriage occurred on the 18th of November, 1874, to Pinta Handy, of this county.

JOHN B. BETHELL is a native of Franklin County, Tenn., where his birth occurred March 2, 1825. He is the fourth of eleven children of Blewford and Mary (Bowen) Bethell. both of whom were natives of Virginia. The father loeated in what is now Owen Township, this county, in February, 1832, purchasing a tract of land upon which he remained about fifteen years, when he sold out and bought again in Pigeon Township, and here he remained engaged in farming and school teaching until near the close of his life. He died in Owen Township November 22, 1854, aged fifty-six years. The mother's death occurred September 22, 1851. She was born February 16, 1800, and the father February 8, 1798. He was one of the most prominent and honorable citizens of the county. John B. remained with his parents, receiving a fair education, until his twenty-first year, passing his youth without noteworthy event. He then bought a farm in Owen Township, upon which he lived four or five years. In 1853 he sold out and moved to Crowville and engaged in the general merchandise, tobacco and produce business, and here he remained about twenty years doing a very profitable business the most of the time. In 1871 he moved on a farm in Campbell Township and conducted it two years, and was then forced to relinquish it to pay security. In 1874 he went to Kentucky and grew tobacco for a year, and then returned to this county, rented land and followed farming until 1880, and in February came to Boonville and engaged in the hotel business, and is thus now employed. He lost much in paying security and in unfortunate tobacco speculations. He now keeps a good public house. July 27, 1871, he married Cynthia Weston, his third wife. By his first wife he had one child; by his second wife five, and by his third wife eight; in all fourteen, of whom two are dead. He is a Mason, a Democrat and a Baptist. His wife belongs to the Christian Church. His father was a famous hunter, killing eighty-three deer in one season.

ALFRED BILLUPS was born February 25, 1832, in Cambridgeshire, England, and is the second in a family of fifteen children, born to Joseph T. and Elizabeth (Richards) Billups, who were also natives of England, where they now reside. Alfred was raised in Wimblington Parish, receiving, at this time, no education. In 1854 he immigrated to the United States, and in December of that year began teaming between Boonville and Newburgh in Indiana. In 1864 he enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Forty-sixth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, but was discharged July 15, 1865, for disability, having had both legs broken in a railroad accident in Virginia. While under the physician's care at Millersburg he learned shoe-making, which he combined with merchandising in 1S67. In 1868 he removed to Crowville, continuing the business until 18G9, when he sold out and purchased a farm in Owen Township, on which he resided farming and extensively engaged in the manufacture of molasses until 1879. Moving to Evansville he was connected with the dry goods house of Hudspeth & Curtis until 1883, when he came to Boonville, sold agricultural implements for a time, but later began a general insurance business, at which he is now doing a good business. Mr. Billups is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. February 26, 1856, he wedded Eleanor McCord, who bore him eight children, only five of whom are now living. The mother died October 26, 1880. She was one of the Christian women of her day ; a loved wife, a devoted mother, she possessed all the requirements of a truly noble woman. Of her Mr. Billups secured a fair education. December 18, 1883, he married his present wife, who was Sarah Mitchell, of Evansville.

EDWARD BOCK, retail harness dealer at Boonville, is a native of Germany, his birth occurring October 9, 1847. He is the only issue to the marriage of Philip E. Bock and Elizabeth Miller, who were natives of Germany, where they were raised, married and died. Edward's parents dying when he was a child, he lived with his mother's sister until he was able to do for himself, during which time he received a good practical education. At the age of fifteen he went to the city of Suttgart, there learning and working at the harness-makers' trade until 1866, when he came to America. For two years succeeding his arrival he worked at his trade in the cities of New York and Newark, then came to Evansville, Ind., where he continued until August, 1876. He then came to Boonville with a limited capital and embarked in the manufacture of harness and other business pertaining thereto, which he has continued to the present time with energy and success. Mr. Bock is a member of the I. O. O. F., and is a Democrat in politics. May 8, 1873, he wedded Maggie Schlaefler, of Evansville, and he and wife are members of the Evangelical Church.

JAMES B. BROWN, a native of the Old Dominion, was born December 11,1815, being the next youngest of nine children born to the marriage of Conrad Brown and Elizabeth Hare, who were natives of Germany and Pennsylvania respectively. The father came to this country with his parents when a child, and with them settled in Virginia, where he learned and worked at carpentering. He was married in that State, and in the spring of 1831 settled at Boonville, Ind., where he worked at his trade a number of years. He later engaged in agricultural pursuits, and still later returned to Boonville, where he died in August, 1844, preceded by his wife in 1842. James B. Brown lived with his parents until his twenty-third year, when he began farming for himself in the southeastern part of Boon Township. Later he removed to a farm further north of his first place, where he has since lived, the present owner of 340 acres of good land which is nicely improved and well stocked. Mr. Brown has been exceedingly unfortunate in his family, having lost three wives by death as well as several children. His first wife, Mary Dowds, died leaving one daughter, who grew to womanhood, and has since died ; Elizabeth Williams, his second wife, bore him five children, the three living ones being married and doing for themselves ; his third wife was Jane Rickard, by whom he became the father of six children, five of whom survive her. Mr. Brown is a staunch Republican in politics, a practical farmer, a member of twenty-five years' standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and an honest, upright citizen.

JAMES W. CAMPBELL, a native of the county in which he now resides, was born in Boon Township, September 29, 1852, one of five children born to Isaac C. and Lepina J. (Fuller) Campbell, both of whom were natives of Warrick County. Isaac C. Campbell was one of the leading farmers of his locality and was also largely interested in tobacco raising. He was an honest and upright citizen and a man whose death, which occurred September 9, 1883, was widely felt and deeply mourned. James W. was liberally educated in the schools of his native county and for some time was engaged in school teaching. In September, 1880, he began clerking in the store of J. M. Hudspeth & Co., of Boonville, but in 1881 began filling the office of Sheriff of Warrick County, having been duly elected to that position the year previous. Previous to this time, however, he had served as a deputy county official with credit, and the acceptable manner in which he administered to the affairs that came to him was, perhaps, one of the principal causes of .his promotion. In politics he is a Democrat and is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

WILLIAM J. CARTER, farmer, is a native of Warrick County, Ind., born December 8, 1851, the only living of two children born to Joseph A. and Iciephena J. (Gray) Carter, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and Indiana. The father came to Warrick County, Ind., in about 1848, where he married and followed farming in Boon Township until his death, January 27, 1853. The mother married again and William moved with her to Pike County, Ind., where he lived until her death, which occurred February 14, 1863. He then came to Warrick County and lived with his grandfather about two years; then returned to Pike County and lived with his stepfather until eighteen years old. Mr. Carter received a good common school education in youth and March 9, 1873, was married to Florence B. McCool, of Warrick County. He settled on a farm four miles from Boonville, which was left him by his parents, where he resided until 1882, when he sold that farm and bought the McCool homestead, which consists of 160 acres, upon which he has lived up to the present time. In politics Mr. Carter is a Republican and is the father of four children, named Joseph W., Maudie, Noble J. and Gracie. Mrs. Carter died November 23, 1883.

GEORGE W. CHERRY, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born March 4, 1840, the oldest of five children born to John and Nancy (McDonnell) Cherry, who were natives of Kentucky and Indiana respectively. The father came to this county a young man and located first in Campbell Township, where his wife died. He then moved to Boon Township and from there to Hart Township, where he died August 18, 1872. His second wife is yet living. George W. was raised on the farm of his parents, receiving only a common school education, and when nineteen years old married Sarah Hart, by whom he is the father of two children, viz.: Rosa B., who married William Hargrave. and William A., a teacher in the county schools. Since his marriage Mr. Cherry has followed farming in Hart and Boon Townships, his present home being now in the latter township, although owning property in both. He began life poor and attributes his success in life to proper economy and industry.

GILBERT CLUTTER, one of the few remaining old pioneers of this county, is a Kentuckian by birth, born February 6, 1815, in Bourbon County. He is the oldest of nine children, only himself and youngest brother now living, born to John and Mary (Gilchner) Clutter, with whom he removed to Warrick County, Ind., about the year 1823. Gilbert Clutter was raised from early boyhood in Boon Township, this county, and in fact this township has been his home for over sixty years. His education is of the common school order, being mostly acquired after becoming man grown. Selecting farming as his vocation through life, he has steadily followed that occupation, and while he has not become extremely wealthy in so doing he has become the owner of a comfortable home and a good farm of 172 acres. He is a firm advocate of the principles of the Republican party, and during the trying times of the late war was a stanch supporter of Lincoln's administration. At the age of twenty-two years Mr. Clutter was married to his first wife, who died December 12,1868, leaving the husband and two surviving children a record of true Christian life. December 21, 1870, Mr. Clutter married Sarah J. Day, by whom he is the father of one daughter—Eva. Both he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

STEPHEN B. COX, Boonville, was born March 15, 1842, in this county, the eldest of eleven children born to Levi and Matilda (Hanby) Cox, natives respectively of Kentucky and Indiana. The father came to Warrick County at the age of eighteen, locating in Hart Township, where he entered eighty acres of land. He resided there about twenty-seven years, and in Owen Township thirteen years, then moving to Wabash County, Ill., made that his home until his death. Stephen B. was raised in his native county, securing only a limited education, and at the age of twenty-four was united in marriage with Lucy Allen, who died a few months after that event. Mr. Cox farmed in Owen Township five or six years, then spent two years in Missouri and traveling in the West. October 3, 1872, he wedded Mary Boardman, of this county, and Mary M. and Anise E. are the names of their two children. After his second marriage Mr. Cox again engaged in farming in Owen Township, continuing until January, 1881, when he moved to Boon Township, locating a mile east of Boonville, where he at present resides. He is now extensively engaged in the tobacco business, handling annually from 400,000 to 500,000 pounds of that product, and is also doing an equally thriving business in hogs, corn, hay, wheat, oats and building material. He is a Democrat, a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W., and Mrs. Cox is a member of the United Brethren Church.

GEORGE CROMEANS was born in Cumberland County, Ky., September 29, 1842, the eldest of eight children born to John and Jeremiah (Dobbs) Cromeans, who were also natives of the same county as our subject. The father moved from Kentucky to Hardin County, Ill., where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death. September 11, 1831, his widow dying February 3, 1882. George remained with his parents, assisting them on the farm and received a limited education until 1865, when he came to Warrick County, Ind., and began dealing in tobacco at Boonville. This he continued until 1875, when he entered into a partnership with his brother-in-law, A. U. Garwood, in the tobacco and grain business. In 1881 they further enlarged their business by dealing in hay, doors, sashes, window-blinds and building material. The firm is one of the strongest in Boonville, and the most extensive dealers in tobacco in the county, having handled, during the past year, over 1,000,000 pounds of that product. Mr. Cromeans is one of the wellknown and highly esteemed citizens of the place. He is a stanch Republican and a member of the K. of P. fraternity. October 7, 1869. his marriage with Angie Garwood was solemnized, and by this union he is the father of two children, named George Allie and Otta. For six years Mr. Cromeans has been a member of the Town Council of Boonville. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

T. G. D AILEY, M.D., was born May 29,1824,in Breckenridge County, Ky. and is the fifth in a family of fifteen children born to John H. and Elizabeth (Glasscock) Dailey, both of whom were natives of the Blue Grass State. John H. Dailey was an extensive farmer of Kentucky and a man well and favorably known throughout the community in which he resided. His death occurred in September, 1865. Dr. T. G. Dailey lived with his parents on the home farm until the attainment of his majority, receiving a fair education considering the facilities offered at that time. He taught school in Breckenridge, Grayson and Hardin Counties, Ky., and during this time read medicine. In 1854 and 1855 he attended the Medical University of Louisville, then came to Spencer County, Ind., and one year later began practicing at Taylorsville, Warrick County. He remained there seven years, then came to Boonville, where he has ever since resided, engaged actively in medical pursuits. Dr. Dailey was united in matrimony July 8,1855, with Alice McCoy, of Spencer County, Ind., and by her is the father of one son—Isaac L. He is a F. & A. M., a stanch Republican in politics, and himself and wife are members of long standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church.

THOMAS F. DAVIS, born in Mercer County, Ky., December 9, 1829, is the third of four children born to Thomas S. and Martha (Robinson) Davis, both natives of Kentucky, where the mother died when our subject was a small lad. The father, five years later, married again, and for a number of years afterward made his home in his native State, engaged in farming, and preaching in the interests of the Methodist Episcopal faith. In 1839 he moved to Warrick County, Ind., locating in Boon Township, making his home therein the remainder of his days. He died in the religious faith advocated by him in October, 1865. Thomas F. Davis came with his father to this county, and was raised on a farm, receiving a limited education. At the age of twenty-three he purchased land adjoining the homestead, on which he moved after his marriage, and where he has successfully followed agricultural pursuits up to the present time. He now owns a nicely improved farm of 160 acres; is a radical Republican in politics, and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. April 15, 1858, his union with Dorothy Duncan was solemnized, and to them have been born eight children, whose names are J. William, Oliver P., Thomas S., Charles E., Martha E., Sarah, Emma and Simon.

DANIEL A. DEFOREST, M. D., of DeForest Station, is a native of Boon Township, Warrick County, Ind., his birth occurring November 6, 1833. Joseph DeForest, his father, was a native of the Nutmeg State, born in 1790; immigrated to Indiana Territory in lslo, locating at old Darlington, in Warrick County, where he resided one year. In 1816 he bought a tract of land three miles west of Boonville's present site, and in 1818 he married Mary N. Denton, by whom he was the father of seven children. He and wife experienced many of the hardships and privations incident to pioneer life, and in 1867 and 1873, respectively, they were called to their final home above. Both were consistent members of long standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Daniel A. is the youngest of his parents' family. His early education was obtained in the old-fashioned log schoolhouse, afterward attending Asbury University at Greencastle. He read medicine under the direction of Dr. E. T. Runcie, of Millersburg, completing his first course of lectures at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, and his second course in the Medical Department of Yale College, New Haven, Conn., which granted him the degree of " M. D," in 1858. He located for the practice of his profession at Ashbysburgh, Ky., and in November, l858, wedded Miss Margaret B. Markham ; but in 1861, owing to the unsettled state of affairs caused by the Rebellion, he removed his family to Evansville, Ind., for a short time. He assisted in recruiting the Twentyfifth Kentucky Volunteer Regiment, declining the Captain's commission, having already accepted the position of Assistant Surgeon of the regiment. He remained in the service until called home by illness in his family, and shortly thereafter began practicing medicine at Newburgh. On the death of his father he removed to his old home, where he has since resided. He is a Republican, an Encampment member of the I. O. O. F., and a member of the A. O. U. W. His farm is underlaid with an excellent quality of bituminous coal, and having leased 200 acres for a period of ninetynine years that portion is being worked extensively, yielding 30,000 bushels per month. Dr. DeForest and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the parents of ten children, these seven yet living: William H., Alberta, Gertrude, Daniel F., Sylvester, Grace and Hattie L.

ROBERT DEWHURST, a prominent farmer of Boon Township, was born in the month of April, 1841, in Liverpool, England, and when two years old immigrated with his parents to the United States and to Vanderburg County, Ind., where his father died a few months after their arrival. His widow remarried, and a few years removed South, where she died. At the age of three years Robert Dewhurst was adopted by Hosea Griffin, a neighbor, by whom he was reared to manhood on a farm, securing a common school education. In July, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, First Indiana Cavalry, and served his country through the entire war in the cavalry and battery service. He was in the charge on Frederickstown and battle of Pine Bluff, Ark., besides various other engagements, and was twice taken prisoner, serving over one year as an inmate of the Confederate prison at Tyler, Tex. After the war Mr. Dewhurst farmed in Gibson County, this State, a year, and from that time to 1884 farmed and worked at carpentering in Hart Township, this county. He then moved to his present place of residence east of Boonville, and is now engaged in agricultural pursuits. In politics he is a Prohibitionist, and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. After the war closed Mr. Dewhurst married, but was left a widower with four children March 22, 1883. On the 28th of February, l884, he wedded Mrs. Minerva J. (Perigo) McCool, the widow of Francis M. McCool, who was one of the prominent men of Warrick County while living, and who died June 20,1880. By her first husband Mrs. Dewhurst was the mother of eight children, five of whom are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Dewhurst are among the county's best citizens.

CHARLES H. DILLINGHAM, a native of Ohio, was born February 22, 1834, the fifth of seven children born to Charles F. and Margaret (Smith) Dillingham. The father came to Warrick County, Ind., about the year 1838, locating in Boonville for a short time, when he bought a farm one and one-half miles south of Boonville, where he followed farming successfully until his death, which occurred in about 1844. His widow died in 1880. Charles H. was reared on the farm in Boon Township, receiving a common school education. At the age of twentyfive he married, and farmed for himself in this county and in Kentucky, but returned to Warrick County, and in December, 1861, enlisted as private in Company I, Fifty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until March 27, 1865, when he was honorably discharged with his regiment. He was promoted during service to Orderly Sergeant, Second Lieutenant and was commissioned Captain of the company, serving eighteen months, but was never mustered into the office. He was severely wounded in the leg June 27, 1864, at the charge on Kenesaw Mountain. After the close of the war he returned to Warrick County, and with his family moved to Ohio County, Ky., where he remained two years merchandising and handling tobacco. He then returned to his native county, remaining a short time, when he went to Kansas, but returned the same year and bought the farm where he now lives. Mr. Dillingham owns forty acres of good land under fair cultivation. In 1858 his marriage with Malinda Ashby was solemnized, and by her he was father of four children, three yet living: Thomas WT., Rome and Silas. Mrs. Dillingham died February 22, 1876. October 22,1876, he married Artelia Williams, of Ohio County, Ky.. and the one child born to this union died in infancy. Mr. Dillingham is a member of the G. A. R., and is a Republican. His wife is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church.

REASON T. DORSEY, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born August 18, 1825, a son of Greenberry W. and Susan (Cavender) Dorsey, who were natives of Kentucky. In about the year 1824 the father came to this county, which was then a new country and sparsely settled, and settled about four miles northwest of Boonville. A few years later he removed to a farm in the northeastern part of Boon Township, where he farmed successfully until his death, which occurred about the year 1838. He was one of those hard-working old pioneers in whom the traits of honesty and purity of character were particularly predominant. In that respect, Reason T. Dorsey, subject of this sketch, is not unlike his father. After passing through the inconveniences and hardships incident to the life of the average backwoods boy, he began farming for himself at the age of eighteen years, on land adjoining the old homestead that was entered in his name by his father. He continued agricultural pursuits in various portions of Boon Township until 1860, when he purchased the old home farm, which now consists of 175 acres, and where he has since resided. In 1850 he married Elizabeth Lee, a native of Kentucky, by whom he became the father of twelve children, the following-named yet living: Frances J., Willis. William W., Benjamin, Robert, Mary Ann, Lucretia and Daniel C. The mother is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Dorsey is a Democrat in politics. His mother died in 1879.

CAPT. THOMAS J. DOWNS, son of William Downs and grandson of Rev. Thomas Downs, was born April 13, 1834, in Ohio County, Ky. Until fourteen years old he received good schooling advantages, bat his father dying then, he was withdrawn from school and from that time until he attained his majority his time was employed in the support of the family. In 1855 he became a citizen of Warrick County, Ind., and for a time worked at carpentering. The fall of 1863 he enlisted a number of men for his country's service, and they were made members of Company E, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Mr. Downs was unanimously elected Captain, and as such led his command through various hard-fought battles and campaigns of the Rebellion. He was wounded in an engagement at Wise Fork, N. C., and in May, 1865, was honorably discharged. The fall of that year he was elected Auditor of Warrick County, on the Republican ticket, receiving a majority of twelve votes over his competitor. From the time of the expiration of his term of office, Capt. Downs has been engaged in merchandising, milling and farming, but at present is retired from active business pursuits. In 1872, 1874 and 1878 he served as Chairman of the Republican County Central Committee, and in 1884 was defeated for the Sheriffalty of the county only thirty-one votes, while the average Democratic majority on the remainder of the county ticket was about 400. His marriage with Miss Lydia M. Williams was solemnized January 1, 1857, and four sons and one daughter have been born to their union. He belongs to the Masonic, K. of P. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, and since 1856 he and wife have been members of the Baptist Church.

GEORGE W. EDWARDS, of Boon Township, is a native of Tennessee and was born May 4, 1828, the sixth of ten children born to Edward and Nancy (Clemmons) Edwards, who were natives of North Carolina. Edward Edwards came to Warrick County, Ind., in 1851, locating in Boon Township, where he bought 160 acres of land which he farmed until his death, June 8, 1869. George W. Edwards lived with his parents upon a farm in Tennessee, receiving but a limited education. At the age of twenty-three he came to Warrick County with his father and lived on the farm for about six years, when he moved to Pike County, Ind., where he farmed for fifteen years. He then returned to Warrick County, purchased and settled upon the old homestead, where he still lives. Mr. Edwards has been a practical and successful farmer, and now owns 239 acres of good land and has a comfortable residence. January 8, 1858, he was married to Ardelena Woolsey, a native of Kentucky, by whom he is the father of six children: Mary E., Maria J. (Mrs. Charles Banks), Harrison A., Adela, Luella P. and Viola. Mr. Edwards is a Democrat in politics and his wife is a member of the United Baptist Church.

FREDERICK G. EILER, a native of Germany, was born October 18, 1835, the fifth in a family of six children born to Eilert and Margaret (Koch) Eiler, both natives of Germany, which was always their home. Frederick G. attended the schools of his native country until fourteen years old, and three years later he with his mother and sister immigrated to America, locating in Evansville in May of 1852. After working at cabinet-making in this city three years and after a residence of some six months at Red Wing, Minn., he went to Pierce County, Wis., where he followed farming three years. He then for a period of three years followed gold-mining in Colorado with fair success. In May, 1863, he enlisted in Company L, Second Colorado Cavalry, and after seeing much active service in Missouri and Arkansas was mustered out in September, 1865, at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., where he worked at the furniture business until 1872, when he came to Princeton, Ind., and learned the baker's trade. He has been located in Boonville in the bakery business since the fall of 1872, and has built up a good and steadily increasing business. He owns the building in which he does business, and a neat and comfortable home property. Mr. Eiler was united in marriage, March 17,1867, with Miss Christina Ritt, of Evansville, Ind, and they are the parents of five children, these three yet living: Henry G., William F. and Catharine C. He is a Republican in politics; a member of the G. A. R., and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Eiler is one of the progressive and well-posted men of Warrick County.

JOSEPH ELLISON, one of the oldest and most honored farmers of Boon Township, was born September 24, 1818, in Warrick County, Ind., the eldest of nine children born to John and Mary (Martin) Ellison. The father came from Kentucky to this county in 1816, where he resided and engaged in farming until his death in about 1845, a member of long standing in the Baptist Church. His wife's death preceded his demise some two or three years. Joseph passed his youth and early manhood with his parents, assisting in such duties as were common on the farm at that early day and receiving a very limited education from the pioneer subscription schools. When twenty-one years of age he left home and began farming in the extreme northeastern part of this township, where he has ever since resided and where he now owns valuable property. In politics he has always been a Democrat, and as such has always taken an active part in the support of all laudable public enterprises. At the age of twenty-two years he wedded Mary Polk, a native of Kentucky, by whom he is the father of three children named Amanda, now Mrs. Stephen Kelley, Sarah E. and John. Although considerably advanced in years Mr. Ellison is yet hale and hearty, and bids fair to live many years longer, and thus fulfill the wishes of his many friends.

JAMES ESKEW, deceased, a man among men, and an honest and unassuming citizen of this county, who has long since gone to his final home above, was born in the Old Dominion October 12, 1799. He was raised by his parents to man's estate in Kentucky, from whence he removed about the year 1849 to this county, purchasing a farm some three miles northwest of Boonville. Here he resided, at peace with his neighbors, successfully engaged in farming until his death by accident in April, 1863. While a resident of Kentucky he wedded Nancy Carter, who died August 28, 1852, after bearing a family of twelve children, six of whom survive her. In 1855 he was united in marriage with Sarah Lorton, who bore him three children, named William, Daniel and Louisa. Mrs. Eskew, together with her three children, reside on the old homestead, which consists of 160 acres, managed by the sons. The mother and daughter are members of the United Brethren Church. The youngest son belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

MARTIN LUTHER FAY, a native of the Buckeye State, was born January 23, 1836, the second of five children born to Mahlon and Lucy (Stevens) Fay, both of whom were natives of Vermont. The father came to Warrick County, Ind., in March, 1840, locating at Yankeetown, where he resided until 1884, when he removed to Boon Township, where he is now living on a farm with his third w;fe, having lost two by death and rearing a family by each. The subject jf this biography received but a limited education in youth, and on attaining his majority began farming on his own responsibility. He has resided in Boon Township from that time to the present, and is the owner of 270 acres of wellimproved land. He is also engaged to a considerable extent in stockraising, and is one of Warrick County's most substantial farmers. June 18, 1857, he married Minerva Coon, and to their union six children have been born, named Charles M., Marion, Eugene, J. F., Morton and Luther C. The mother dying October 4, 1883, Mr. Fay married for his present wife Mrs. Malinda Wilkerson, whose maiden name was Bullock. He is a stanch Republican and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, while his wife belongs to the General Baptist Church.

HENRY FELDWISCH, of Boonville, was born in Ohio February 16, 1838. He is the oldest of three children born to William and Elizabeth (Sunderman) Feldwisch, who were both natives of Germany. The father came to America about the year 1836, and settled on a farm in Ohio about a year later, having married in Cincinnati. His death occurred in July, 1842. After the father's death Henry lived with his mother, who married again in Ohio, and when he was six years old the family came to Dubois County, Ind., where our subject was brought up on a farm, receiving a common education both in English and German. He also learned brick-making there, which he followed, together with farming, until 1873, when he came to Boonville and established a brickyard and kiln, and has been engaged in this enterprise ever since, at which he has been moderately successful. He owns about seven acres of land in the suburbs of town, where his kiln and residence are located. May 29, 1862, he was united in marriage to Sopha E. Estmaiar, a native of Germany, by whom he is the father of seven children, named H. Louis, F. William, H. Lydia, John H., F. Daniel, H. Henry and E. Selma. In politics he is a Republican. Himself and wife attend the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which she is a member. He manufactures over half a million brick of superior quality per annum.

JACOB FREUNDLICH was born in Bavaria, June 4, 1844, being the younger of two children of Jacob and Margaret (Hartmann)Freundlich, both natives of the same country, where the father lived and died January 26, 1862. The mother came to this country in 1872, and lived with our subject until her death, January 20, 1875. Our subject went to school in the old country until the age of fourteen years, when he learned the brick-mason's trade, which he followed during the summers, making willow baskets during the winters. At the age of twenty-two years he came to America, landing in New York City, January 1, 1867, and then went to Cincinnati, but soon came to this county and engaged in farming for over a year. He then came to Boonville and followed teaming between Boonville and Evansville, and general labor. In 1875 he engaged in the grocery business, but two years later began the tobacco business, continuing about a year, then engaged in the liquor traffic, which has since been his employment. He now has a good property and trade. He bought his present property in March, 1881, and rebuilt in the spring of 1884. November 25, 1867, he married Eva Margaret Lutz, and by her is the father of nine children, four now living: Emma, Jacob, Phillip and Julius. He was raised a Catholic. His wife and children are members of the Evangelical Church. He is a Democrat, and a member of the I. O. O. F.

WARRICK FRANCE, a native of Arkansas, was born December 13, 1821, the fourth born and only living one of five children of George and Elizabeth (Whetstine) France, who were natives of North Carolina and Kentucky. George France settled in what is now Vanderburg County, Ind., as early as 1810, and while living there enlisted in the war of 1812. In an early day he moved to Arkansas, there being but sixteen white families in the Territory at that time. Our subject came to this county in 1838, purchasing a farm in Boon Township. Soon afterward he removed his parents here, where they both died, his father being kicked to death by a horse. The success with which his exertions have been met is a mark of justice. Beginning life a poor boy with a very limited education, he has struggled against poverty and under adverse circumstances until he now has a good farm, a comfortable home, besides having given a farm to each of his sons. Since arriving at years of maturity he has been a close observer, a good student, and in this way has become possessed of a fair business education. December 28, 1841, he was married to Nancy M. Ashley, of this county, by whom he is the father of seven children, three sons and two daughters yet living. Mr. France is one of Warrick County's best citizens, and is a firm supporter of Democracy. Mrs. France is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was named in honor of Capt. Jacob Warrick, and not after the county in which he now resides.

JAOOB FRANZ, Sr., was born in Henderson County, Ky., December 2, 1853, being the only living child of four of Andrew and Christina (Bohn) Franz, both natives of Germany. The father came to America and located in Evansville in February, 1851, where he was married, November 13,1852. He then moved to Henderson County, Ky., but in 1856 came to Boonville and started a grocery store and brickmolding shop, and opened a boarding-house. He conducted the various businesses for several years, but finally abandoned all except the hotel and saloon ; these he continued with great profit. September 24, 1872, he bought the St. Charles Hotel and thoroughly refitted and refurnished it, making it one of the first country hotels in the State. He conducted the hotel until his death, October 31, 1884. He was an enterprising citizen and an upright business man. Our subject was reared in Boonville, and received a fair education, finishing at St. Meinrad College, in Spencer County, and at Evansville Business College. In 1870 he engaged in general merchandising in Evansville, but a year and a half later returned to Boonville and entered the hotel. This has since been his employment. Since his father's death he has had full control. April 21, 1875, he married Katie Weyerbacher, and by her has four children : John, Benjamin, Andrew and Katherine, the latter deceased. He is a Democrat and a Catholic, and his wife is a German Lutheran.

JACOB FRANZ, Jr., a native of Germany, was born June 24, 1855, being the youngest of two children born to Michael and Elizabeth (Anslinger) Franz, both of whom were also natives of the Old Country, where they lived and died. Jacob lived at home until his thirteenth year, when he crossed the Atlantic Ocean and came to Newburgh, Ind., where for two years he was employed in a tan yard. After this he worked in Evansville and Mount Vernon a short time, then returning to the former city began learning the barber's trade. For over four years he found employment at his trade in Evansville and Terre Haute, but in 1876 he came to Boonville and embarked in the retail liquor business. Beginning with but small capital, he economized until he now owns the building in which he is doing business, three shares in the Building & Loan Association, and from a financial standpoint is a success. July 26, 1876, he wedded Maggie Wagner, by whom he was the father of two children, only one—Jacob A.—yet living. The mother dying August 20, 1881, Mr. Franz married Catharine Fisher June 6, 1882, by whom he is the father of one son—William L. In politics Mr. Franz is a Democrat, and he and wife are members of the Roman Catholic Church.

HON. BENONI S. FULLER, a native of Warrick County, Ind., and a man whose name and public life are extensively and favorably known throughout southwestern Indiana, was' born November 13, 1825. Isham Fuller, his father, was a native of North Carolina, from whence he immigrated to Indiana as early as 1816, and for six consecutive years, beginning in 1842, served Warrick County in the State Legislature. To the hard work and privations of pioneer life in Indiana, the subject of this sketch was reared, and at twenty-one years of age he had, by perseverance, secured sufficient education to begin school teaching. When about thirty years old, he was elected Sheriff of the county, serving as such four years. In 1862, when the ablest men of the State were required to frame laws, he was elected to the State Senate from Warrick County, and in 1866 and again in 1868 he was elected to the Lower House. While serving his last term, he was the unanimous choice of his party, and was its nominee for the Presidency of the State Senate. In 1872 he was again elected State Senator, and in 1874 was elected to Congress from the First District, and re-elected two years later. He has since positively declined further political honors. Mr. Fuller is a Democrat in the truest sense of the word, and although a member of no religious organization, his views are in accord with the Baptist faith. He has been three times married; his last wife, who was formerly Mary E. Lines, is yet living. He is the father of a family of six children, all living but one.

WILLIAM W. FULLER, the present School Superintendent of Warrick County, is the youngest of four children bor n to Isham and Agnes (Wilson) Fuller, appropriate mention of whom is made in the biography of Hon. Benoni S. Fuller. He is a native of this county, born July 29,1857; was reared on the home farm until sixteen years old, when for one year he was a student at the Normal Institute at Oakland City, Gibson Co., Ind. During the year 1876 he taught school and attended high school at Worthington, Ind., but in 1877 he returned to Oakland City and resumed his studies in the Normal. From that time until 1880 he followed the teacher's profession in various townships of his native county, then entered the State University, where he remained two years, completing the sophomore term. Having been elected County Superintendent of Warrick County, he returned to Boonville, and June 8, 1881, began administering the duties of that office. Two years later he was re-elected and is now serving out his second term as one of Warrick County's best School Superintendents. In politics he is a Democrat, and besides being a member of a secret college fraternity, belongs to the F. and A. M. and Knights of Pvthias.

WENDEL GAST was born in Bavaria, September 16, 1831, one of ten children of Casper and Elizabeth (Klein) Gast, both natives of .'ranee. Both parents lived and died in Bavaria. Our subject received a fair education in his native country, and in 1851 came to America, landing in New York City and engaging in the boot and shoe business, having learned that trade in the old country. In July, 1855, he came West, locating at Boonville, where he began work at the same business and has continued thus with much success until the present. He now has a comfortable home and a good business and store. October 28, 1855, he was united in marriage with Lena Elzer, of this county, and by her is the father of six children, of whom the following three only are now living: Elizabeth, wife of Harvey Scales, M. D., Emma and Mina. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. and he and wife are leading and consistent members of the Methodist Church.

WILLIAM GERHARD was born in Germany, February 8, 1830, being the youngest of ten children of John N. and Mary M. (Wagner) Gerhard, both natives of Germany, where they lived and died. Having received a good education in youth, our subject at the age of twenty-four years immigrated to America, locating in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, in 1854, where he worked three years on a farm. He then came to Warrick County and bought a farm in Boon Township, upon which ho lived until the war broke out. He enlisted in Company I, Fifty-third Regi ment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and during his period of enlistment participated in the battle of Corinth, siege of Vicksburg, siege of Atlanta and the " march to the sea." He was mustered out June, 1865. He sold his farm and bought another in Boon Township upon which he lived until 1873, when he embarked in the mercantile trade at Boonville, and is thus engaged at present. September 21, 1856, he married Elizabeth Smier, who was born in Germany, July 20, 1828. By this lady he was the father of eight children, only one now living—Annie E. He is a Republican, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Church, both having joined in 1858. He is one of the county's best citizens.

PETER GOAD, a native of Virginia, was born near where the battle of Bull Run was fought, January 1,1806, being the seventh of eleven children born to Stephen and Rachel (Smith) Goad, both natives of Virginia. Stephen Goad moved to Tennessee about 1808, where he followed farming about six years, when he died, and was buried on the Cumberland Mountains, in White County. Peter Goad lived with his parents, receiving no education and following farming, and after his father's death lived in White County about eight years, when they moved near Nashville, where they remained on a farm six years. In 1828 they came to Warrick County, Ind., locating on a farm in Boon Township, where he and his mother lived until the latter's death. He was married when nineteen years old to Dicy Smith, of Wilson County, Tenn., and by her is the father of eight children—six sons and two daughters—all of whom are living. Mr. Goad gave his first farm of 160 acres to his two sons, Jackson and George. He owns 120 acres of good land in Hart and Boon Townships, besides the 120 acres near Boonville, where he lives. In politics Mr. Goad is a Democrat; served as County Commissioner twelve years for Warrick County, and is one of its most respected and honest pioneers. His wife, a loved and loving lady, died October 8, 1869.

AKILL1S P. GOAD, son of the old pioneer, Peter Goad, appropriate mention of whom precedes this, is a native of Warrick County, Ind.. his birth occurring March 29, 1830. He was reared to manhood on the old homestead in Boon Township, the majority of his time being passed in hard work, as was common for boys of that day. At the age of twenty-two years he married, and moving onto a farm in the northeastern part of Boon Township, deeded him by his father, has ever since resided there, engaged in agricultural pursuits. To the original tract he has added sixty acres, and the farm of 160 acres is well-improved and well cultivated. November 18, 1852, he was united in marriage with Docia R. Barclay, by whom he is the father of nine children, whose names are William M., Sarah A. (Mrs. Eli Boardman), Levi T., Rebecca A., James N., George M., Travis D., Ida M. and Peter F. Mr. Goad is a Democrat, and one of the county's intelligent farmers and enterprising citizens.

JAMES W. GOAD, farmer, was born September 21,1835, in Warrick County, Ind., and is the second born in a family of twelve children, of Andrew J. and Clementina (Osborn) Goad, natives respectively of Tennessee and Indiana. The father came to Warrick County from Tennessee with his uncle, Peter Goad, when fourteen years old, and on attaining his majority married and entered land where our subject now lives. He died October 9, 1870, followed by his widow in April, 1880. Mr. Goad was one of Warrick's earliest pioneers and most honored citizens. He followed farming through life, and by a temperate, steady life secured a tract of land comprising about 1,500 acres of land. James W. Goad received a limited education in youth, was raised on a farm, and at the age of twenty-three years married and began doing for himself. Like his father before him he has made farming his life's vocation, and is the present owner of 140 acres of well-improved land. In addition to agricultural pursuits he has, for the past thirty-two years, operated a steamthresher during the seasons. September 23, 1858, he was united in marriage with Nancy Barclay, and to their union a family of nine children have been born—all living but two. In politics Mr. Goad is a Democrat, and in all matters of a valuable public nature actively co-operates.

CHARLES GORDNER was born in Germany," January 17, 1830, thesecond of nine children of Phillip and Louisa (Hoop) Gordner, both natives of the old country, where the father now resides aged eighty-three years, and where the mother died about ten years ago. The father was a miller, and our subject when a boy assisted his father in that occupation, securing in the meantime a fair education. At the age of fifteen years he learned the blacksmith's trade, and two years later began for himself, locating in various places. August 27, 1852, he married Julia Anna Eppinghouse, and by her had nine children: Charles, Phillip, Wilhelm, John, Louis, Rudolph (deceased), Julia, August and Rudolph. August 27, 1855, Mr. Gordner reached New York City with his wife and one child. He came West to Evansville, and in March, 1856, came toBoonville and began blacksmithing, which has since been his occupation. Albert Lunenburg became his partner January 1, 1884, and the firm commenced dealing in wagons, buggies, agricultural implements, etc. He now owns valuable property in Boonville, and a good farm in Boon Township. He is a Republican, an I. O. O. F., and his wife is a member of the German Methodist Church.

PETER GORDNER is a native of Germany, and was born January 23, 1836, being one of nine children of Phillip and Louisa (Hoop) Gordner, mention of whom is made in the biography of Charles Gordner. Our subject received a good education in Germany, and at the age of twenty-three years came to America, landing at New York City in the spring of 1859. He reached Boonville May 27, 1869, and followed farming for six months, and worked in his brother's shop about ten months. He then teamed for Hudspeth & Co for four years, and continued the same business until the fall of 1865, and then engaged in the livery business in this town and has continued until the present. In 1871 he built his present stable. He now has an excellent business, which he has built up by industry. He deals to some extent in fast horses. He owns valuable property in Boonville and some good farming land in the county. September 1, 1861, he married Rosanna Martel, a native of Germany, and by her is the father of eight children, only three now living: Jacob, Rosanna and Emma. He is a Republican, and he and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church.

EDWARD GOUGH, attorney, was born October 22, 1846. in Manchester, England. He is the second son of Robert and Elizabeth (Brown) Gough, who immigrated to the United States in 1854, first settling in Livingston County, Ky., from whence they removed to Boonville, Ind., in 1860. The father has, ever since their arrival in this county, been connected with the coal interests of the county, at present being proprietor of the mines a short distance east of Boonville. Our subject was taught the rudiments of an education by his parents, also attending school at Caseyville, Ky., Newburgh, Ind., and at Boonville. Being a diligent student and having access to the ample and excellent library of his father, he secured a more thorough knowledge of the English branches of education. In boyhood he found employment in his father's mines, and when yet quite a boy would improve his resting moments by procuring a piece of slate on which he would write down the conjugation of Latin verbs, thus familiarizing himself with that difficult but essential part of grammar. In 1864 he became a volunteer in the 100-days service in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and after the expiration of term was engaged in school-teaching in Warrick County, which he continued several terms. Later he was employed as book-keeper for a firm in Kentucky, but in 1867 he began reading law from the library of Isaac S. Moore. In 1870 he was admitted to the bar of this county, and with but a short interim while in Nebraska has ever since been practicing his profession here, at present being associated with William H. Patterson. Christmas day, 1872, he wedded Miss Ida Rogers, and five children have been born to them—three sons and a daughter yet living. As an attorney Mr. Gough is a success. He is a Mason, a strong temperance advocate, and a Republican in politics.

ROBERT M. GRAHAM, editor and proprietor of the Boonville Standard, was born November 10, 1849, in Boonville, where he lived with his parents until eleven years old, when they removed to a farm in Hart Township, His education consisted of such as he could obtain in the common country schools, after which he attended the Boonville High School one term. Possessing an insatiable thirst for knowledge and a very retentive memory he has, however, by a habit of desultory reading, gained an extensive knowledge of general literature. July 26, 1872, he was married to Mary J. Hunsaker. In 1873, under the firm name of J. B. Graham & Son, he engaged in the drug business at Lynnville. In the meantime he taught school in winter and studied medicine under Dr. S. L. Tyner, and in 1876 commenced practice in Spencer County, opposite Owensboro, Ky., where he remained one year. He also practiced one year at Folsomville, after which he relinquished medicine and engaged in school-teaching. He taught the graded school at Lynnville in 1872 and 1873, and was Principal of the Folsomville Graded Schools three terms. In 1880 he was defeated as a candidate for Superintendent of Warrick County. He left the teachers' ranks as one of the foremost educators in the county and in July, 188l, assumed full editorial and business control of the Boonville Standard. Athough he has been in the newspaper business but a short time he has evinced considerable journalistic ability, has been a contributor to the educational periodicals of the State and is the author of a work designed for use as a text-book for youthful students entitled "United States Rectangular Survey,'' which has been highly recommended by the leading educators of the State.

JOHN GRANT, one of Boon Township's well-to-do farmers, is a native of England, born February 1, 1824, being the only child born to William and Sarah (Low) Grant. The mother dying in England, the father and son immigrated to the United States in 1837, locating in Vanderburg County, Ind., where Mr. Grant purchased a farm on which he resided until his death, which occurred in 1840. John remained on the farm, being the sole heir to the property, and February 24,1842, wedded Mary Boyd, who was also a native of England. In 1847 he came to Warrick County, purchased a farm in Campbell Township, but in 1863 moved to an adjoining farm in Boon Township, where he has since resided. He is one of Warrick County's best farmers, is enterprising and industrious, and the owner of 220 acres of good land, having besides this given a farm apiece to two children. He is a Republican. Himself and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he and wife have had born to them ten children, of whom the following are yet living: Ann, James, Sarah, Charles H., Hannah A., Mary Maria and Melissa J.

JACOB GROSS, a native of Germany, born January 22, 1840. is the only living child of Jacob and Eliza (Korn) Gross. The mother died September 16, 1854, but the father still resides in Germany. Jacob, Jr., was reared in Germany, receiving in youth a fair education, and at the age of twenty-six years came to America, landing in New York City in January, 1866. A few months later he came to this county, locating at Newburgh, where he learned the tanner's trade, at which he worked about eleven years. In the fall of 1877 he came to Boonville and engaged in the butcher business, which has since been his occupation. For the past four years he has been quite extensively engaged in pork packing, and now owns valuable property in the town, including a slaughter-house near by. October 31, 1870, he married Maggie Franz, of this county, and by her has four children : Elizabeth, John J., Frederick C. and Catharina T. He is a Democrat and a member of the I. O. 'O. F. He was brought up in the Lutheran Church, of which his children are members. His wife belongs to the Catholic Church.

JUDGE JOHN B. HANDY, a native of Washington City, D. C., and the senior partner in the legal firm of Handy, Armstrong & Cockrum, was born August 27, 1828, the eldest in the family of eight children born to Edward G. and Attilla A. Handy, who removed to Warrick County, Ind., in 1841. The monotony of farm life, to which our subject was reared, led to his running away from home when sixteen years old, but his next occupation as street vender of cakes, fruits, nuts, etc., in the city of Evansville, proved even more disagreeable, and like the prodigal son, he returned to the paternal roof. He early manifested a great liking for study, but in youth only secured a limited education, which in after years he greatly developed through his own exertions. He has always been a thorough student of law and literature, beginning the study of the former profession with an uncle, John A. Brackenridge, one of the foremost pioneer lawyers of southern Indiana. In 1852 he attended law school at Louisville, Ky., and in 1853 at Lebanon, Tenn., pursued a like vocation. In 1853 he began the practice of his profession at Newburgh, this county, but in 1862 removed to Boonville, which has since been his home. May 28, 1854, Mr. Handy wedded Miss Amanda E. Muir, daughter of Dr. Muir, one of the earliest physicians of Boonville, and to their union two children have been born, named Pinta, now Mrs. E. W. Bethell, and Charles M. He was a Republican in politics until the candidacy of Mr. Greeley for the Presidency, when he reasoned that the object of the Republican party was accomplished and he accordingly supported Mr. Greeley and since then the Democratic party. In 1872 he was elected to the Judgeship of the Court of Common Pleas, comprising the counties of Warrick, Vanderburg, Gibson and Posey, and four years later was elected Judge of the Second Judicial District, composed of Warrick, Spencer, Perry and Crawford Counties. He gave general satisfaction in his rulings and since his retirement from the bench has turned his attention to the practice of law. lie also is occupied in the perusal of literature to a considerable extent, his library being one of the largest and best selected in this part of the State.

SIDNEY B. HATFIELD, born in Meade County, Ky., January 30, 1842, is the third of seven children born to William and Jane (Debolt) Hatfield, who were natives of Newtown, Hamilton Co., Ohio, from whence they removed to Kentucky in about 1840, thence to Perry County, Ind., two years later, where they at present reside, engaged in farming. Sidney B. Hatfield was raised on his parents' farm and after attending the common schools in youth entered the State University at Bloomington, which graduated him with the degree of " A. M." in June, 1864. He then entered the law department of the same institution, graduating the spring of 1866. Beginning the practice of his profession at Cannelton, in partnership with his brother, E. R. Hatfield, he continued until 1870, when he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court by the Democratic party, serving a term of four years. He then removed to Boonville, resuming the practice of law and forming a partnership with G. H. Hazen, which partnership has continued to the present. Mr. Hatfield is a member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. fraternities and is a Democrat in politics. His first official position was District Attorney of the Common Pleas Court comprising the counties of Dubois, Spencer, Perry, Crawford and Orange, serving one full term of two years. In 1880 he was elected State Advocate for the Second Judicial Circuit and two years later re-elected to the same position, serving in all four years. He was united in marriage December 6, 1866, to Flora A. Helton, of Bloomington, Ind., six children having been born to their union, as follows : Ella and Jennie (twins), Frank, Maggie, Katie and William S. MARTIN S. HARMON is a native of Ohio, born October 8, 1837, the only child of Jesse N. and Rebecca (Campbell) Harmon, who were both natives of New York. Jesse Harmon came to Gibson County, Ind., in about 1840, where his wife died, after which he moved to Missouri, and from there to Illinois, where he followed teaming and saw-milling. In 1872 he came to Warrick County, Ind., and lived with his son until his death. April 24, 1875. Martin lived with his parents, receiving a limited education, until he was fourteen years old, when he came to Warrick County and lived with an uncle on the farm until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving three years, participating in the siege of Atlanta, which culminated in the downfall of that city, and through many minor engagements.

He enlisted as a private, but in October, 1864, was promoted to Second Lieutenant of his company. At the close of the war he returned to Warrick County, following farming on rented property until the spring of 1867, when he bought a farm in Boon Township, where he lived until the fall of 1880, when he traded for the farm upon which he now resides. He now owns 167 acres of the best farming land in Warrick County. Mr. Harmon and Elizabeth Hart wero married December 27, 1865, and are the parents of three children, named Sarah E. E., David A. and Charles M. In politics Mr. Harmon is a Republican, having served two years as Trustee of Boon Township, and he and wife are members of the Christian Church.

WILLIAM J. HARGRAVE, a native of this township and county, was born February 10, 1833, one of three children born to Miles B. and Elizabeth (Webb) Hargrave. He received such education in youth as was common at that day, and after his father's death lived with his grandfather, William Webb, until he reached the age of seventeen years. He then learned the carpenter's trade at Newburgh, which was his occupation until his marriage with Lu A. Day, of Boon Township, June 8,1854, after which he engaged in farming in his native township until 1857. He then became a partner in a hardware and grocery house in Boonville, continuing at that until 1860, when he was elected County Clerk, a position he held four years. In 1864 he re-embarked in merchandising, but one year later enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until September, 1865. From January, 1866, until the spring of 1867 he was engaged in merchandising at Evansville, then returned to Boonville, and until being burnt out in January, 1868, was retailing merchandise. From that time until his election to the office of County Treasurer in 1872 he bought and sold stock, farmed and sold goods. In 1874 he was re-elected Treasurer of the county, serving in all four years. In 1881 he purchased a one-half interest in the Elkhorn Flouring Mills, of Boonville, which he has since operated in partnership with C. L. Oatley. In January, 1877, his wife died, after bearing a family of six children, these four yet living: Mary Isabel (Mrs. C. C. Ferguson), William W., Edward C. and Herbert W. To his marriage with Elvira E. Chapman, which occurred in February, 1878, one child—Myrtle—has been born. Mr. Hargrave is a stanch Republican in politics, and besides the offices mentioned, has occupied smaller positions of trust. He belongs to the F. & A. M., and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

DAVID L. HART, ex-Sheriff of Warrick County, is the fourth born in a family of ten children of William and Sarah (Farmer) Hart. The father came with his father to Warrick County, Ind., at a very early day, and located in the township that now bears their name, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits, and where he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring August 26, 1856. Mrs. Hart still survives him. David L. Hart is now living in his native county, his birth occurring April 1, 1834. He secured a common school education in youth, and on the attainment of his majority purchased a farm in Hart Township adjoining the old homestead, which he cultivated for five or six years, boarding at home during the while. In 1865 he purchased 180 acres half a mile north of Boonville, upon which he moved and remained until 1870. He was then elected to the office of County Sheriff, and two years later was re-elected, serving in all four years. In August, 1875, he moved to his present place of residence, and is now recognized as one of the county's best and most successful farmers. On the 20th of April, 1875, he wedded Theresa F. Swint, by whom he is the father of four children, named William E., R. E., Claude A., and Ruth.

WILLIAM C. HARPOLE, a native of the county in which he now resides, was born December 15, 1839, being the oldest of seven living children, born to John B. and Mary Jane (Kelley) Harpole. John B. Harpole came with his father to this county from Kentucky about the year 1822, and began farming near Boonville. In 1844 he purchased the farm on which are now located the fairgrounds, but a short time thereafter moved to another farm north of Boonville. He then engaged in agricultural pursuits successfully until 1872, when he returned to Boonville, where he has lived a retired life up to the present time. William C. was raised principally upon the farm, receiving in youth a limited education. At the age of twenty-four years he embarked in agricultural pursuits upon his own responsibility and liking the occupation which proved remunerative has since followed that occupation. He is the owner of a good farm containing 110 acres, which is well stocked with horses, cattle, sheep and hogs; is a Democrat in politics and an enterprising citizen. In 1864 he married Rachel Williams, who died soon afterward as did also their only child. In 1866 he wedded Margaret Vincent, by whom he became the father of ten children, the following of whom arenow living: Rhoda B., Charles M., Dunbar H., Daisy A., Clyde and Estella M.

THOMAS J. HARGAN, M. D., was born April 13, 1843, in Hardin County, Ky., the eldest of three children born to Daniel and Susan (Crandell) Hargan, both of whom were natives of the Blue Grass State, from whence they removed to Newburgh, Ind., in 1876, where the father died in February, 1878. Mrs. Hargan survived her husband until August, 1880, when she died at Rockport, this State. Thomas J. Hargan remained with his parents on the farm until his sixteenth year, when he entered college at Brandenburg, Ky., continuing there and teaching school at intervals until twenty years old. In 1861 he joined the Kentucky State Guards, was elected a Captain and after serving six months tendered his resignation and began the study of medicine with Dr. J. F. Birkhead, of Shepherdsville, Ky. He attended lectures at the medical college in Ann Arbor, and in 1866 graduated from the Pharmaceutical and Chemical Departments of that institution. Returning to Kentucky he began the practice of medicine in Bullitt County, but the spring of 1869 graduated from the Kentucky School of Medicine, at Louisville. In 1876 he moved to Yankeetown, Warrick County, Ind., where he continued the practice of his profession until the fall of 1877, when he was elected editor of the Baptist Herald, of Boonville, by the Trustees of the General Baptist Church. After conducting that periodical eighteen months he resigned his position that he might confine his attention more exclusively to the practice of his profession and at which he is at present engaged. Dr. Hargan is a member of the I. O. O. F., Masonic and A. O. U. W. fraternities, is Secretary of the County Board of Health and local surgeon for the L. E. & St. L. Ry. May 6, 1866, he wedded Henrietta Greenwell, and by her is the father of five children, these three yet living: Edmonia. Guy C. and Stella. He and his wife belong to the General Baptist Church.

HON. THOMPSON B. HART, a native of Warrick County, was born April 1, 1836, being the fifth in a family of ten children of William and Sallie Hart. His father, who was a soldier in the war of 1812, was a native of Mercer County, Ky., and .came to Warrick County with his father at an early day. The mother was a native of South Carolina. She led a consistent Christian life, being a member of the Christian Church. Our subject was raised with his parents, receiving a fair education in the country schools of his day, and attended the school at Boonville one year. This was the extent of his early education, but he has since been a close student of his books at home, and has obtained a thorough, practical education. At the age of nineteen he commenced the study of medicine, which he relinquished, by his father's request, at the death of the latter, and assumed control of the farm for nine years, helping to support the mother and younger children. Mr. Hart has not only been a successful farmer, but has raised and traded extensively in fine stock, making the Shorthorn or Durham cattle a specialty, and he now has some magnificent specimens of this excellent breed on his farm. In politics he is a Democrat, and was elected to the State Senate in 1878 by his party, serving a term of four years efficiently. He is a member of the A. 0. U. W. fraternity. January 15, 1867, he was united in matrimony to Susan K. Stone, of* Warrick County. By this union they have eight children, named Nina B., William J. S., Zora B., Edmund H., Carl B., Alice D., Thompson B., Jr., (deceased) and Talmadge. Himself and wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church.

JOHN HARGER was born April 10, 1821, in Allegheny County, Penn., and is the only living son in a family of twelve children born to John and Peggy (McCain) Harger, who were also natives of the Keystone State. The father came to Warrick County when John, Jr., was a lad thirteen or fourteen years old, and entered land in the south part of Boon Township, where he followed farming with fair success until his death, which occurred November 7, 18o4. The mother died a short time after the family came to Warrick County. John, Jr., was raised on the farm, receiving a limited education in the country schools of his native State. After he came here he worked on the farm, attending school one winter, which comprised his early education. At the age of twenty-one he bought land of his father near the homestead, and commenced farming for himself. He has followed this occupation since, meeting with more than ordinary success. He now owns 170 acres of well-improved land, 120 acres of which is under cultivation. April 1, 1846, he married Margaret Lance, of Pike County, Ind., by whom he became the father of fifteen children, thirteen of whom are now living. The oldest son died in the late war. The mother died in December, 1879, after living an exemplary life. In September, 1882, Mr. Harger married Mrs. Mary Dancey, who is his present wife. In politics he is a stanch Republican, und during the late war was a firm adherent and supporter of the Union. Mr. Harger is a member of the Christian Church, and his wife is of the Baptist faith.

JOHN HATSEL, one of Boonville's enterprising young business men, is a native of New Orleans, born November 15, 1853, a son of Conrad Hatsel, who is an old and esteemed citizen of Spencer County, Ind. John lived with his parents until fourteen years old, receiving but a very meager education. On leaving home he went to Evansville, where for a short time he operated a stationary engine, afterward going to Henderson, Ky. For a number of years after this he operated both stationary and portable engines, farmed and followed flat boating on the river. In 1875 he came to Boonville, and purchasing a threshing machine followed that occupation and farming until October, 1884, when he embarked in the grocery and restaurant business in Boonville, where he has since continued with reasonably good success. Mr. Hatsel has worked hard from early youth, and although not wealthy has secured a good farm in Spencer County, a small tract in this county, and other desirable property. In politics he is a Democrat. July 24, 1875, Ella M. Youngblood became his -wife, and the following named of the three children born to them are yet living: William H. and Estella M.

FRANK C. HEPP is a native of Germany, born August 24, 1830, the fourth of eight children of Louis and Henrietta (Schmitt) Hepp, both natives of Germany. The father came to America in 1847, locating at Newburgh, this county, where he passed the remainder of his days, his death occurring in 1860. The mother died December 27, 1884, at Newburgh. Our subject was well educated in Germany, a country famous for its schools and scholars, and after being in this county about one year he came to Boonville and learned the wagon-maker's trade, which he followed thirteen years. He then clerked in a store at Boonville two years, and in the meantime had studied for the ministry. In 1861 he began his ministerial labors, locating where called by his chiirch—the Methodist. In 1864 he was forced to abandon this agreeable occupation, owing to failing health. He retired for a time from active pursuits, but in 1871 engaged in general merchandising and is yet thus employed. He has built up a fine trade, and is one of the most prominent of the German residents. April 24, 1852, he was united in marriage with Caroline Veck, of this county, by whom he is the father of six children, three now living: Louisa (wife of William Roth), John F. and Charles L. Mr. Hepp is a member of the A. O. U. W. He is a Republican and he and wife have been life-long members of the Methodist Church. He still discharges ministerial duties in the absence of the regular pastor.

SAMUEL P. HINMAN (deceased) was born in Missouri September 10, 1824. He was a son of Jonas and Deborah (Dunham) Hinman, who came to Warrick County, Ind., when Samuel was about four years of age. The father followed farming in this county until his death. Our subject was reared on the farm with his parents, receiving an ordinary education for the times. After he attained his majority, he bought a farm one and a half miles east of Boonville, where he lived and followed farming successfully until his death. He lived a Christian life and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1844 he married Esther Richardson, who bore him twelve children, seven of whom aro living, named Jnqurtha, Jordan, Deborah, John M., Jonas, Jacob and Lorah. His wifo died in 1867, and upon the 3d of December, 1868, he married Nancy (Richardson) Baker, the widow of Ephraim Baker. The fruits of this union were two children, one of whom is living, named Hattie. His second wife is living on the homestead, which consists of 100 acres of well-improved land. His sons Jonas and Jacob, who are both married, are living there with their families also. Mrs. Hinman is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

E. CURTIS HINES (deceased) was born July 19,1817, at Florence, N. Y., the youngest in a family of six children born to the marriage of Olney Hines and Miss H. Curtis, who were both natives of New England. Olney Hines came to what is now known as Warrick County, Ind., in January, 1819, and entered a large tract of land in Boon Township, upon which he resided until his death, April 18, 1872. He was one of Warrick County's earliest and most prominent pioneers, and was a stanch advocate of the temperance cause. At one time after his removal to Indiana he returned to his native State on foot and then returned with a flat-boat load of useful utensils, which he sold among the settlers. His wife died March 25, 1866. E. Curtis Hines, subject of this memoir, was raised by his parents on the old home farm, receiving only such schooling as was common during his boyhood. February 7, 1844, he wedded Nancy Garwood, who bore him two children—Mary Jane and Nancy Margaret—and died January 1. 1847. Mr. Hines was married May 3, 1849, to Liversa Spencer, a native of Geneva, Ohio, and to their union ten children were born, as follows: Martha M., Berian O., Olney S., Ada H., Nathan P., Bertha A., Clara E., Anna E. and Emma E. (twins), and Charles C. Mr. Hines was an unassuming, honorable, upright citizen, a man respected and admired for his many sterling qualities of both heart and mind, a true Christian, an advocate of temperance and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He died May 19, 1878, mourned by a large circle of friends. Since his death Mrs. Hines has continued to reside on the home farm, which is managed successfully by her son, Nathan P.

REV. F. A. HOFF is a native of the Hessian Province, Germany, and was born December 1, 1828, being the elder of two children of John F. and Martha E. (Koch) Hoff. His father came to this country in 1847, landing in New York City August 27. He moved West to Troy, Mo., and in the spring of 1848 returned as far as Poland, Clay Co., Ind., where he lived until the fall of 1855. In 1852, his wife having died, he took up his residence with our subject, with whom he yet lives, at the age of eighty-three years. Our subject received a fair education in the old country, and at the age of fourteen learned the blacksmith trade, at which he worked until he came to America. He worked at farming while in Clay County. In 1854 he moved to Ripley County, and in September, 1855, was ordained a minister of the Methodist Church. In this calling he was engaged for about twenty-nine years. In 1875 he came to this town, and was pastor of the Methodist Church. His piety and worth are unquestioned. For a short time past he has been engaged in the mercantile business in Boonville. August 10, 1854, he married Catharine M. Sonnefeld, by whom he has two children: Clara C. and Bertha E.

WILLIAM M. HOGGATT, attorney and counsellor-at-law, was born in the adjoining county of Orange, December 5, 1839, one in a family of nine children, four yet living, born to Wilford and Elizabeth (Wells) Hoggatt, who were natives respectively of North and South Carolina, and who came with their respective parents to Indiana when the State was yet in its infancy. William M. was reared to manhood in his native county, receiving, in youth, such educational advantages as were common at that day. He afterward entered Asbury University, from which he received the degree of "A. M." in 1863, and one year later graduated from the law department of the State University. Immediately after this he located for the practice of his profession at Mount Vernon, Ind., where he remained until 1877 engaged in active practice. In 1866 he was elected District Attorney for the counties of Posey, Vanderburg, Gibson and Warrick, retaining that position two years. Since 1877 he has occupied a prominent position in the bar of Warrick County, residing at Boonville. Mr. Hoggatt was married November 4, 1864, to Isabella Bacon, by whom he is the father of two sons: Wilford B., a graduate of the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, and Herbert E. The mother died in November, 1874, and July 4,1877, Mr. Hoggatt married Mrs. Gertrude (Burtis) Nettleton. He is a stanch supporter of the Republican party, and in 1884 was the candidate for Reporter of the Supreme Court of Indiana, but with the entire State ticket suffered defeat.

JAMES A. HOUGLAND, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born December 18, 1825, the second of eight children born to Abraham and Susan (Ward) Hougland, both natives of Kentucky. The father was married in his native State and came to Warrick County the fall of 1824. bought a farm three miles from Boonville, upon which he located and followed farming successfully, being one of the energetic and prominent men of the county in his day. His death occurred some eight or ten years ago, the mother's death occurring three years previous. James A. was raised on the farm with his parents, receiving a fair education in the country schools. At the age of twenty-three he married and settled on the farm where he now lives and has been one of Warrick County's most successful farmers. He now owns 230 acres of land in a fair state of improvement and with good buildings. In February, 1849, he married Malinda Johnson, of Warrick County, by whom he is father of eight children, four of whom are now living, named Martha(Mrs. Charles Baker), Kella, Charles J., and Anna S. In politics Mr. Hougland is a stanch Republican and he and wife have been leading members of the German Baptist Church for about twenty-five years.

MRS. ELIZABETH HOUGLAND, daughter of Manuel and Margaret (Humphrey) Broshears, who were natives of Kentucky, was born in Ohio County of that State June 22, 1839, the fourth in a family of eleven children. In 1855 Mr. Broshears moved to Indiana, settling first in Pike County, then removing to Warrick County, and from there to Gibson County, where he died November 22, 1884, and where his widow is yet living. Mrs. Hougland was married in her native State at the age of fifteen years, to John E. Condict, and six children were born to them, named Mary E. (Mrs. C. J. Martin), Lucinda M. (Mrs. Thomas L. Neves), Martha Jane (Mrs. S. M. Null), John L., James F. (deceased), and Benjamin F. Removing to Indiana with his family, Mr. Condict worked at carpentering for a time, then read and practiced medicine in Pike and Gibson Counties until his death in the latter county about the close of the Rebellion. After her husband's death Mrs. Condict came to Warrick County with her children and engaged in farming. February 17, 1874, she became the wife of Andrew Hougland and by him has two children: Andrew J., and Albert. Mr. Hougland farmed successfully in Boon Township until his death, which occurred August 11, 1878. Mrs. Hougland has since resided on the home place adjoining Boonville, the farm being operated by two sons of her first husband, John^L. and Benjamin F.

ROBERT B. JEFFRIES, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Clermont County, Ohio, July, 16, 1836, and is a son of Blair and Penillipa (Tilton) Jeffries, who were the parents of thirteen children and natives respectively of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. When a young man Blair Jeffries settled on a farm in Clermont County, Ohio, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in 1875, preceded by his wife some thirty years. Robert B. was reared on the home farm to manhood, securing only an ordinary education. In 1859 he married and from that time to 1862 farmed, when he enlisted in Company F., Eighty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving a period of two years and eight months, when he was honorably discharged. He was in various skirmishes and engagements, chief among which was the attack on Fort Donelson. After the war he followed huckstering in his native State until 1867, when he came to Warrick County, Ind., and followed the same occupation until 1875. He then resumed farming and in 1878 purchased property east of Boonville, where he has resided to the present time. Mr. Jeffries has been twice married, his first wife bearing him two daughters: Lillie L. (Mrs. Jonas Hinman) and Effie(Mrs. Albert Richardson). To his second marriage one child, which died in infancy, was born. He is a member of the G. A. R., a Prohibitionist in political principle and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JACOB JOHNSON, a Warrick County pioneer, is a native of New England, his birth occurring May 9, 1803, son of Jacob and Pharibe (Warren) Johnson, who moved to Kentucky with our subject, when he was an infant, and from there removed to this county, when he was fifteen years old. Surrounded by a wild and sparsely settled country, filled with wild animals and game in abundance, our subject attained manhood and from the time of his majority has been doing business in an agricultural way on his own responsibility, now owning a good farm of 150 acres. He has become recognized as an honest, unassuming citizen, and now, on the evening of his life, can look backward over a well spent life, in which he has gained many friends and but few enemies. He was married in 1824 to Martha, daughter of John Williams, an old pioneer of this county, and eleven sons and three daughters have been born to them. Mr. Johnson has suffered greatly in the death of his immediate family, having lived to see all laid in their final resting place. His wife died March 20, 1865, having been a true wife, a loving mother and faithful Christian. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Baptist Church, and is making his home with B. F. Owens (see sketch).

JOHN F. KATTERJOHN, a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, was born December 22, 1843, one of eight children born to William and Christina (Bierbaum) Katterjohn, who were natives of Prussia. The father came to the United States in about 1837, finding a home first in Virginia, when he was married. In 1842 he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, and from there, two years later, to Dubois County, Ind., where he remained until 1872, when he removed to near Selvin, in this county, where he bought a farm upon which he yet resides. Until fifteen years of age our subject remained with his parents in Dubois County on the farm. He then went to Huntingburgh, and attended school winters and worked at the tanner's trade summers. Three years later he oame to Selvin, where he remained two years learning the miller's trade. In 1863 he married Elsie Hale, and the winter of the same year he left home to fight his country'b cause, as a member of Company D, One Hundred and Fortythird Indiana Volunteer Infantry. At the end of one year he was honorably discharged, and returning home he purchased mill property at Newburgh, which he operated until the fall of 1867. He then returned to Selvin, and engaged in milling there until 1881, when he came to Boonville, purchased the Star Mills, which he has operated up to the present time with success. Mr. Katterjohn is a Republican in politics, a member of the G. A. R., and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are the parents of three children : Charles M., Quincy F. and Halla B.

COMMODORE KELLY, Recorder of Warrick County, is one of the twelve children born to Isham and Eliza (Cover) Kelly, who were natives of Kentucky, from whence both moved to Indiana when young, and where they engaged in farming and stock-dealing. Isham Kelly is yet living, his home being at Folsomville. Commodore was born in Skelton Township, this county, March 31, 1844, and was reared by his parents to manhood, securing in youth such education as the common schools of that early day afforded. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Sixtyfifth Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and serving through the battles of Resaca, Dallas, siege of Atlanta, Franklin, Nashville, and Knoxville, besides various other lesser, engagements, he was honorably discharged after three years' service. Returning home he was married December 9, 1866, to Mary E. Shelton, by whom he is the father of three children, named Lucy, Lily and James I. While a resident of Folsomville, Mr. Kelly was engaged in the livery business, also merchandising. He is a Democrat in politics, and is a member of the I. O. O. F., Masonic, K. of P. and G. A. R. fraternities. In 1870 he located in Owen Township, and ten years later was elected Township Trustee. In 1882 he was elected Recorder of his county, now serving as such as a popular and efficient officer.

WILLIAM KINDERMAN, a native of Prussia, was born September 10, 1835, being the youngest of three children of Charles L. and Louisa (Harhausen) Kinderman, both natives of Prussia, where they lived until 1864, when they came to America and lived with our subject until their deaths. Our subject received a fair education in Germany, and when in his fifteenth year went to the King's Garden at Berlin and learned floriculture, which occupation he followed in that country until he reached the age of twenty-three years when he immigrated to America, landing at New York city in October, 1858. He went west to Illinois, but March 1, 1859, located in Boonville and learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1867, and then engaged in cabinet-making until 1869, and in 1870 embarked in the grocery and hardware business, and is employed at present as dealer in hardware, stoves and agricultural implements. In 1875 he added stoves and tinware to his business. In 1872 he built his large brick store-room, in which he now does a prosperous trade. At present he is also engaged in handling agricultural implements. June 8, 1861, he married Mary Bohn, by whom he is the father of ten children, six now living, as follows: Anna, Louis, Beana, Emelie, Charles and Louisa. He and family are members of the Evangelical church. He is a Democrat and an I. O. O. F. and an A. O. U. W.

ARCHIPPUS KNIGHT, deceased, and one of the leading farmers of his time in Boon Township, was born March 27, 1831, in Vanderburg County, Indiana, being one of six children born to Isaac and Amira, (Gillette) Knight. He was reared and educated in his native county and during the most of his life was engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1880 he purchased a farm in this township and county, upon which he moved and resided until his death, which occurred July 31, 1833. He was an honest and industrious farmer, a devoted husband and father and a pleasant, sociable neighbor. Mr. Knight was married September 9, 1856, to Miss Thirza E. Terry, the only child of John S. and Thirza E. (Rice) Terry, by whom he became the father of eight children, the following five yet living: John A., Robert E., Adah M., Orville and Virginia T. Mrs. Knight was born at Newburgh, Indiana, March 21, 1839, and when only a baby her mother died. She was reared by her grandmother at Boonville, and also an aunt, going to school until eighteen years of age, when she went to Evansville and resided with her father three years. She now resides on the farm left by Mr. Knight, which contains 160 acres and which is managed by her oldest son, who is also extensively engaged in baling hay besides farming.

FREDERICK W. KOEGEL was born in New Orleans, La., May 18, 1852, the second of eleven children of John and Mary (Quinnott) Koegel, both natives of Germany. The father immigrated to America in 1830, and served the United States in the Mexican war, afterward locating in New Orleans, where he followed the occupation of baker. In 1853 he came to Boonville, being one of the first German citizens of the town. His death occurred October 19, 1878, and his widow still survives him. Our subject was liberally educated at the Boonville schools, and finished by graduating from the Commercial college of Evansville. He clerked in the store of Hudspeth & Co. for a time, and in 1876 engaged in the book, stationery and general merchandise trade, which has since been his employment. He is now one of the substantial men of Boonville ; is a Democrat and a member of the I. O. O. F. He married Ida Leitz, May 11, 1876, and is the father of one child—Charles E.

LOUIS KUNTZMAN was born in Pike County, Ohio, February 12, 1855, being the fifth of eleven children born to Martin and Barbara (Rohrsheb) Kuntzman, who were both natives of Germany. The father, together with his family, removed to Warrick County, Ind., in 1863, locating in Boonville, where he now resides. Louis made his home with his parents in his youth, receiving only a limited education. At the age of twelve years he went to Evansville, where he remained several years, learning the bakery and confectionery business thoroughly. In December, 1874, he returned to Boonville and opened a bakery and confectionery store, at which he has ever since been engaged. Mr. Kuntzman is one of Boonville's most thorough-going and enterprising business men. Beginning with only $175 capital, he has combined industry with frugality, thus not only increasing his capital to a considerable extent, but establishing a profitable trade as well. January 18, 1877, he was united in matrimony with Elizabeth Hepp, who was born in Warrick County, Ind., February 2S, 1854. Mr. and Mrs. Kuntzman are members of the Evangelical Church, and are the parents of two children, named George F. and Helena C.

MATTHIAS LILLICH, Jr., a native of Clermont County, Ohio, was born April 5, 1846, the younger of two children now living born to Matthias and Rosina (May) Lillich, who were natives of Germany. The father came to this country about forty years ago, locating in Ohio, where he followed farming until 1870, when he came to Warrick County, Ind., and located on a farm of eighty acres near Boonville, where he still resides. Matthias Jr. was raised on the farm in Ohio, and received a limited education. In about 1871 he came to Warrick County and worked on his father's farm, and of whom he bought a few acres of land. In 1880 he purchased an adjoining farm, upon which he moved in 1881 and where he has since lived, engaged in farming and dairy business. December 19, 1866, he was married to Mary Gearing, of Clermont County, Ohio, and by her is the father of five children, four of whom are living: Minnie M., Annie B., Marietta and William. In politics Mr. Lillich is a Republican, and he and family attend the German Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN W. LOWELL, a native of Boon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born March 23, 1835, the fourth of eight children born to James E. and Sinai (Armer) Lowell, natives of Michigan and Pennsylvania respectively. The father was raised near Detroit, Mich., by his parents, where his father, who was a General in the war of 1812, died. The General's widow married again, and came to Warrick County with the family in 1814, locating in Rockport, which was then in Warrick County, and where James E. helped clear the grape-vines and underbrush from the bluff where that town now stands. About 1818 the family located about two miles from Boonville, where James E. lived until he married, when he bought the farm where John W. now resides, and followed farming successfully until his death, August 15,1863. He started farming with no capital, but by hard work, close economy, and strict integrity succeeded in accumulating 600 acres of good land. His widow married John Murphy, and is living in Crawford County, Ind. John W. was raised on the farm with his parents, enduring many of the privations and hardships of pioneer life, receiving a limited education. When twenty-two he married and commenced farming for himself on a part of the old homestead, where he remained until his father's death, when he bought his mother's share of the estate, and in 1880 built a good twostory frame house in addition to his father's residence, where he now lives. He owns 380 acres of well-improved land, 250 acres being under cultivation. October 9, 1857, he married Harriett Fay, daughter of Mahlon Fay, one of the early pioneers of the county. They are the parents of ten children, seven of whom are living: Sinai, Mahlon H. and James E. (twins), Lucy, John W., and Clyde. Mr. Lowell is a member of the A. 0. U. W., a Democrat, and he and wife have been members of the M. E. Church for over twenty-five years. Mr. Lowell and sons are engaged in the manufacture of tiles for drainage, having a factory on the farm, where they make a superior quality of tile from blue clay, which is pronounced by competent judges to be the best quality used in the manufacture of this important article for drainage. He also raises tobacco quite extensively, an average of 15,000 pounds per annum.

WILLIAM LUNENBURG is a native of Prussia, his birth occurring June 3, 1832, being the eldest of seven children of John and Wilhelmina (Linden) Lunenburg, both natives of the same country. The father came to America in 1852, and with his family, started for Missouri, via Wheeling, West Virginia. On the journey down the Ohio River, when near Newburgh, the father and mother were stricken down with cholera and were landed at that town, where, in October, both died, and where they now repose. Our subject, who had been likewise stricken with the same scourge after the death of his parents, recovered and learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed about two years, when he met with an accident and went to the country for six months, and then commenced farming, but was again disabled in the arm by a second accident. He returned to Newburgh and learned the cabinet trade and here he remained for about eleven years. In 1863 he came to Boonville and continued at his trade until 1867, when he started in business for himself, and is thus engaged at present, having established a good trade in furniture, etc., and accumulated a comfortable competency. July 7, 1863, he married Katherina Niebergall, a native of Germany, and by her has one ihild—Wilhelmina. He is a Democrat, and he and wife are members of the Evangelical Church. At present he conducts the undertaking business in connection with his usual work.

JOHN JACOB LUTZ was born in Germany, March 26, 1851. His parents, John G. and Juliana (Miller) Lutz, were natives of Bavaria, and the parents of seven children, of whom John Jacob was the third. They came to the United States in 1865, locating in Boonville, where for some years the father followed the trade of brick-mason The senior Lutz has been an invalid several years. His wife died November 23, 1881. John Jacob received a good education in his native country, and worked ' some at bricklaying, but after coming to this country he began working on a farm, which he followed seven years. He then entered the employ of L. C. Oatley, remaining with him several years. In 1881 he embarked in the ice business, in which he is at present engaged in quite an extensive way. He not only supplies the people of Boonville, but many of the adjoining towns and handles annually over 300 tons of ice. May 4, 1874, Mr. Lutz was united in marriage with Miss Catharine Koegel, by whom he is father of four children, Frederick W., Charles, August and

Thomas H. Mr. Lutz has been successful in business, and is one of Boonville's well-known citizens. He is a Democrat, a member of the I. 0. O. F., and he and wife are members of the German Lutheran Church.

DR. REUBEN C. MATTHEW SON, deceased, a pioneer of this county, and one of the first physicians of Boonville, was born October 16, 1804, in Steuben County, N. Y., a son of Oliver and Agnes (Clark) Matthewson. When thirteen years old he removed, with his parents, to Gibson County, Ind., where he secured a good education, studying medicine with Dr. Fullerton, of Princeton. On attaining his majority he was licensed to practice medicine, and in 1825 he located in Boonville, where he remained about eight years. Having been passionately fond of music he had made that a special study in youth, and on leaving Boonville he went to Bardstown, Ky.. where he was made Professor of Music of the college in that place. A few years later he returned to Boonville and made it his home the remainder of his days. For four years he was Postmaster of Boonville, but the greater portion of his life was passed in the practice of medicine, and in the drug trade. February 16, 1828, he married Lorinda Baldwin, who died August 19, 1860, and the only living issue to their union is Charles C. Matthewson, a sketch of whom follows this. Dr. Matthewson was a Whig and Republican in politics, and one of Boonville's most respected citizens. He died June 21,1876.

CHARLES C. MATTHEWSON, druggist, is a native of Boonville, born June 6, 1840, the only living child in a family of five children of Dr. Reuben C. Matthewson, a sketch of whom precedes this. He received his education in the schools of Boonville, remaining in his father's store until the fall of 1861, when he enlisted as a musician in the regular band of the Forty-third Regiment IndianaVolunteers and served six months, when he was mustered out with the band. Mr. Matthewson returned to his native town and again took his place in his father's store, where he remained until 1873, when he assumed control of the business which he has ever since conducted successfully. In politics he is a stanch Republican and June 1. 1882, he was united in matrimony with Miss A. Link of Boonville.

EDWARD M. MEECE was born February 23, 1842, in Warrick County, Indiana, and is the eldest of eight living children. William T. Meece, his father, was a native of Tennessee, and when a young man came to this county, where he married Clarissa Hood. He has followed agricultural pursuits through life, and from about war times to 1879 was employed as keeper of the poor of the county. Edward M. was reared by his parents to manhood, securing but a meager education. Shortly after the breaking out of hostilities between the North and the South he became a volunteer privatein Company I, Fifty-third Regiment of Indiana Infantry, and after serving three years and six months was honorably discharged, wear inga Sergeant's chevrons. He served through the sieges of Corinth and Vicksburg and the battles of the Atlanta campaign, then was with Sherman's army on that memorable march to the sea. After the close of the war he returned to his native county and has since been engaged in farming. In 1884 he purchased a small farm south of Boonville, where he now resides comfortably situated. He is a Republican in politics, a member of the G. A. R. and of the Methodist Episcopal Church . He was married October 19,1865, to Nancy Montgomery, who died November 19, 1876, after bearing two children, both of whom are dead. May S, 1877, he wedded Malinda Montgomery, his present wife.

W. L. MELLEN, one of the present Commissioners of Warrick County, is a native of Ohio, his birth occurring December 7, 1832. He is the third of five children born to Henry and Elizabeth (Bunnell) Mellen, who were natives respectively of Vermont and Massachusetts. In1837 the family immigrated to Warrick County, Indiana, where the father died in 1861 from the effects of an accident by a runaway horse. The mother is living, at the age of eighty years, with thesubjectof this sketch. W. L. Mellen was raised a farmer and in youth secured a fair education. Since attaining majority he has resided at his present place of residence and where he now owns a valuable farm. At one time he owned 600 acres of land, but this has been decreased considerably by giving to his children. He was married, in 1856, to Sinai Lowell, and four children were born to them, these three yet living: Rufus D., Emmet H. and Henry. The mother dying in 1865, Mr. Mellen, a year later, was united in marriage with Polly Perigo, by whom he is the father of three children: Lillie, Homer and Flora. His second wife dying in 1877, Mr. Mellen was married in 1880 to Lavina Pearce, his present wife, and to them one son—Lee—has been born. Mr. Mellen is a member of the A. O. U. W., a Democrat, and although not a politician or office-seeker he was elected Commissioner for the Second District of Warrick County in 1882 and re-elected. His second term will expire in 1888. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and among the county's best citizens.

LEWIS J. MILLER, President of the Boonville National Bank, is a native of Warrick County, Ind., born August 18, 1834. He is the eldest of seven children born to David and Nancy (Bloyd) Miller, who were natives of Virginia and Indiana respectively, the former moving with his parents to near Bowling Green, Ky., at an early day, thence to Boon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., and later to Hart Township, where he died November 30, 1860. Mrs. Miller died June 4, 1864. Lewis J. was raised on the farm in his native county, receiving in youth only a common school education. At the age of twenty-four years he entered the store of his uncle. John Lynn, at Lynnville, where he remained until 1867, when he was elected County Treasurer on the Democratic ticket. Removing to Boonville he served two terms as Treasurer, then with others established the Boonville Banking Company, of which he was made Cashier. On the organization of the Boonville National Bank he was elected President, a position he has ever since retained. From 1876 to 1883 he served as Deputy County Treasurer. Mr. Miller is oneV>f the reliable business men of Boonville, is a Democrat and a member of the Masonic fraternity. In April, 1858, he was united in marriage with Martha C. Hart, the result of their union being nine children; these eight are yet living: David B., Ida P. (Taylor), Eva E., George E., Lora M., Maud, Clyde and Bertie. Mr. Miller has served as one of the Board of School Trustees of Boonville several years.

BENJAMIN MUSGRAVE, an old and esteemed resident of Warrick County, was born September 27, 1815, in Muhlenburgh County, Ky., and is the youngest and only living representative in a family of eleven children, born to Samael and Rebecca (Davis) Musgrave, who were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Kentucky. The father removed to the latter State when a young man; was there married; raised a fam ily; followed farming, and then died, preceded by his wife some seven years. Benjamin was left an orphan at the age of ten years, and his early life was filled with hardships and heartaches only experienced by the young who have no parents living to care for them. Under such adversities he grew to manhood, but during this time he managed to secure a very limited schooling, and subsequently a practical education. In 1830 he first came to this county, living with an older brother two years, then following life on the river three years. He then entered land in this township, and has since made it his home, having won an honored and respected position in the neighborhood. September 27, 1836, he wedded Frances Leach, who died November 17, 1845, leaving four children: William W., Mary C., Eliza H., and one deceased. April 2, 1846, he married Rebecca Ann Davis, and the following named of the eleven children born to them are yet living: Nathan M., Amos B., Minerva J., Susan A., Marinda Ellen, Benjamin Franklin, Sylvester D., Fielding T., and Edward O. Mr. Musgrave is the owner of a good farm, comprising 186 acres, is a Democrat, a strong supporter of the temperance cause, and he and wife belong to the Baptist Church.

ALBERT McCOOL, born in Warrick County, Ind., August 12, 1842, is the fifth and only living, of six children born to Joseph and Malinda (Armer) McCool. He is a grandson of William and Margaret (Baker) McCool, who were natives of South Carolina and the parents of eight children, the sixth born of whom was Joseph McCool, whose birth occurred March 5, 1811, in Davis County, Ky. July 25,1834, the marriage of our subject's parents was solemnized, and in 1835 Mr. McCool entered a tract of land from the Government in Warrick County, Ind., two miles south of Boonville, and has since resided on this place where he owns a good farm. His wife dying in January, 1855, he was married the year following to Elizabeth Jane Masters, and three daughters of their nine children are yet living. Albert McCool, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared and educated in his native county, which has always been his home. At twenty-two years of age he married, and purchasing a farm in Anderson Township resided there two years. He then came back to Boon Township, but after a short stay returned to Anderson, where he remained until 1872, when he came to his present place, where he has since resided. He is a Democrat, as is also his father, and like his parents he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is also a member of the F. & A. M. His wife was formerly Mary J. Pyeatt, the daughter of Nathan Pyeatt, deceased, one of Warrick County's early and prominent citizens.

JAMES H. McCULLA, a native of Warrick County, born November 19, 1839, is one of three children of James and Elizabeth (Massie) McCulla. The father, a native of Ireland, came to America at an early day, locating first in Virginia, where he married Mary Graham, and soon afterward moved to Kentucky. Later he moved to this county, where his wife died and where he afterward married Elizabeth Massie, a native of Kentucky. He practiced medicine and conducted the cabinet-makers' trade, accumulating much real property around Boonville. He had been a Captain in the war of 1812, and was a man of decided character and prominence. His death occurred August 27, 1859. Our subject was raised at Boonville and received a good education and taught school for about two years, besides serving as clerk in the stores a number of years. October 12, 1868, he married Susan L. Morgan, who has presented him with two children: Noel W., deceased, and Fannie E. After his marriage, Mr. McCulla engaged in merchandising and has continued thus until the present. He owns valuable property and one of the finest residences in Warrick County. In 1864 he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served for about four months. He is a Republican and a member of the K. of P., A. O. U. W., and G. A. R. fraternities. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN NESTER was born November 3, 1837, in Fussengoenheim, Rhine Bavaria, Germany, one of five children born to John J. and Elizabeth (Hank) Nester. The mother dying in the old country in 1849 the father and our subject crossed the ocean and settled at Troy, Ind., where the remainder of the family immigrated soon after and where Mr. Nester died August 28, 1856. The subject of this memoir farmed and worked at brick-making for a time ; learned harness-making, following the latter occupation a number of years in New-burgh and Evansville. After this and until 1870 he combined the grocery business and his trade at Newburgh. Having been the successful nominee of the Democratic party for County Auditor, he removed to the county seat and for eight years administered to the duties of that office. In 1878, at the Democratic State Convention, he received the solid vote of the First Congressional District for the office of State Auditor, but did not succeed in securing the nomination, having withdrawn in favor of Gen. Manson. For two years Mr. Nester was engaged in the dry goods trade at Boonville, but is now soliciting for some of the most reliable insurance companies known. As a Democrat he was a delegate to the National Convention in 1880 and from 1882 to 1884 was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee. He belongs to the F. & A. M., K. ol P. and A. O. U. W. orders and he and wife are members of the Evangelical Church. Was married June 23, 1859, to Magdalena Hochhalter. The following of their seven children are yet living: George P., Otto L., Katharine and Charles J.

CHRISTOPHER L. OATLEY, a native of Ohio, was born near Zanesville in Muskingum County, November 14, 1835, a son of James and Elizabeth (Lenhart) Oatley, who were parents of nine children and natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio respectively. The father followed farming in Ohio for over fifty years; he and wife are now dead. The subject of this memoir was reared in youth by his parents, receiving a common school education. When a young man he went to Illinois and there engaged in the miller's trade, having previously learned that occupation at Zanesville, but in 1859 he came to Boonville, Ind., and for three years worked at his trade. In 1862 he purchased a half interest in the Taylorsville Mill, in this county, operating the same five years. He then operated a mill one year in Edwards County, Ill., then returned to Boonville and purchased a half interest in the Elkhorn Mills, which he has retained up to the present time. In 1855 Mr. Oatley wedded Miss B. C. Huston, of Zanesville, Ohio, three children being born to their union, only one—Mabel—yet living. Mr. Oatley is a member of the Masonic fraternity and he and wife were raised in the religious faith advocated by the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has been reasonably successful in business ventures, the Elkhorn Mills, in which he is concerned, being one of the best in southern Indiana and equipped with the best and latest improvements in milling. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and although never having aspired to any political prominence he has occupied various minor offices.

TOWNSEND OLIN, a native of Vermont, was born July 14, 1822, being the fourth in a family of five children born to Reynolds and Mary (Townsend) Olin, natives of Vermont and Massachusetts. The fall of 1823 the family immigrated to Warrick County, Ind., locating near the present home of our subject, where Mr. Olin operated a tan-yard and saw-mill for about nine years. He then removed to Newburgh and began the erection of a saw-mill but before its completion died of cholera, June 21, 1833. Mrs. Olin died August 21, 1831. Shortly after the death of his father Townsend Olin went to Rockport and began the tanner's trade, but a year later returned to Warrick County and was bound out by his guardian to a farmer, remaining with him only a short time, lie then worked on the canal a year, but after that attended school a few months in and near Rockport. Returning to Warrick County he lived with Calvin Butler, of whom he learned surveying, besides fitting himself for the teacher's profession. After teaching a few months he returned to his native State, obtained some money from his father's estate and returning to Indiana purchased his present farm. In 1848 he moved on his place and since that time has followed farming and teaching, the latter occupying his attention over six years. Since 1880 he has confined his attention to farming and looking after the welfare of his guests, who come in large numbers to attest the medicinal properties of St. Roman's Well, which has become widely known and justly celebrated. Mr. Olin is a Republican and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. October 10, 1847, his marriage with Margaret P., daughter of Benjamin Seely, a native of Vermont and an early settler of this county, was solemnized. One son—Chauncey M., born November 14, 1865—is the result of their union.

B. F. OWENS, a native of Virginia, was born July 25, 1839, a son of Matthew and Katie (Sowders) Owens. In 1858 he came to Warrick County, Ind., where he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits to the present time. In 1865 he moved on the farm owned by Jacob Johnson, with whom he is living at the present time, caring for the estate and looking after the best interests of Mr. Johnson, besides attending to the duties of his own farm. Mr. Owens was married May 17, 1859, to Minerva Wilson, who died in May, 1861, having borne one daughter, that lived to be married, but is now deceased. March 29, 1863, he was united in matrimony with Irene Hall, by whom he is the father of nine*children, named Mattie, Thompson J., Everett A., Effie A., Minnie A., Harry D. Dora Estella, Josie L. and Mamie. Mr. Owens is a Democrat, and he and wife belong to the Baptist Church.

HON. ROBERT PERIGO, a practical and well-to-do farmer of this township,was born in Ohio County, Ky., September 6,1818, the eldest of six children born to Jonathan and Isabella (McGill) Perigo, both natives of Kentucky % Jonathan Perigo, a brother of Ezekiel Perigo, came to this county December 25, 1818, and by an honorable life became prominent as one of the useful pioneers. He died in 1843, preceded by his wife in about the year 1830. Robert, subject of this sketch, received but a limited schooling in youth, but in later years has greatly benefited himself by private study, observation and reading. At the age of nineteen years he entered the- employ of Gen. Joseph Lane, in Vanderburg County, remaining until his twenty-first year, when he returned to Warrick County, married, and entering land began farming, at which he has ever since continued, and at which he is yet engaged, now owning a fine farm of 204 acres. September 12, 1839, he married Elizabeth J., daughter of Rev. John W. Youngblood, and to their union have been born these children: Thomas Benton, Isabella, Mary (deceased), Elizabeth A., Emma J. (deceased), John W., Maria, Alice Jane, Lana, Clara, and Rachel. The mother belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Perigo is a Mason, a Democrat, and in 1865 was elected to represent his county in the State Legislature. In 1876 he was re-elected, serving four years in all. He is one of the county's best citizens.

EPHRAIM Y. PERIGO, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Warrick County, Ind., November 16, 1842, and is a son of Jonathan and Mary (Baker) Perigo, who were also natives of the Hoosier State, and the parents of five children, the subject of this sketch being next to the youngest. The father settled in this county when it was yet in a primeval state, and followed blacksmithing and farming successfully until his death, which occurred when Ephraim was two years of age. Mrs. Perigo is yet living, the wife of Henry Wilkerson. About two years after her second marriage, Ephraim Y. Perigo began life's battle on his own responsibility as a farm hand. On the breaking out of hostilities between the North and the South in 1861, he volunteered his services in the preservation of the Union, and was made a private in Company K, Forty-second Regiment Indiana Infantry, but after serving faithfully until the close of the war, was discharged as First Lieutenant of his company. He was an active participant in the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, through the entire Atlanta campaign, and was wounded slightly four times. Since the close of the war, Mr. Perigo has been engaged in agricultural pursuits east of Boonville, now owning a farm of eighty-seven acres of well improved land. In January, 1867, he was married to Miss Annie E. Hiley, a native of Perry County, this State, and the following five of their six children are yet living : John W., Mary M., James F., Albert P., and Oliver P. He is a Republican, a member of the G. A. R., and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CHARLES F. PICKER, one of Boonville's most progressive merchants, is a native of Germany, his birth occurring August 16, 1843. He is the eldest of two children born to Charles F. and Louisa (Lucking) Picker, who emigrated from the old country to Cincinnati, O., in 1845, where the father died in 1849. Charles F. Picker, Jr., the subject of this biography, was reared and educated in Cincinnati and at the age of eighteen years he enlisted in Company C, Sixteenth Regiment of United States Infantry, serving his country faithfully three years. After the war he was employed by a New Albany wholesale dry goods house as traveling salesman, a position he retained twelve years. In 1876 he came to Boonville and embarked in the dry goods and general merchandise business, where he has since continued with success. Mr. Picker was married to Carrie H. Hill, of Louisville, Ky., on the 1st of April, 1865, and by her he is the father of three sons and two daughters. He is a member of the Masonic brotherhood, and Mrs. Picker belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

FREDERICK RECKERT, cabinet manufacturer and furniture dealer, is a native of Berkanfeld, Germany, his birth occurring June 24, 1822. He is the third in a family of five children born to Egnatz and Katharina (Liesar) Reckert, who were also natives of the old country, where they died. After receiving the ordinary German common school education in youth, Frederick, at fourteen years of age, began learning the cabinetmaker's trade, at which he worked in his native town, also Hamburg and Bremen, for a number of years. In 1851 he left the land of his birth and crossing the Atlantic found employment at his trade at Allentown, Penn., Louisville, Ky.,and New Albany, Ind., until 1854, when he came to Boonville, where he has ever since resided. Here Mr. Reckert opened a shop and commenced cabinet-making. Beginning life a poor boy in a strange land without any capital, he has made life a success, financially, now owning the buildings in which he is doing business, a comfortable brick residence and desirable town lots. He is one of Boonville's substantial citizens, is a Republican in politics and he and wife are members of the German Methodist Episcopal Church. January 18, 1856, his marriage with Mina Loch w'as solemnized. To their union have been born ten children. Those yet living are Frederick ; Caroline, who married Charles Schneider; Mina; Tillie; Lucy and Annie.

JOHN A. REYNOLDS, one of the widely known men of Warrick County, was born at Thompson, Geauga Co., Ohio, July 9, 1819. Ik has been said—and truthfully—that ''man is the architect of his own future," and in the case of Mr. Reynolds it is a fact that he has hewn for himself a pathway through life that is well worthy of imitation in many respects. Being left an orphan at four years of age, he was bound out to Enoch Scott, a farmer, of whom he purchased his freedom for $50, when only nineteen years old. In 1840 he came to Warrick County, Ind., and October 9, 1842, wedded Priscilla Hougland. Mr. Reynolds has farmed successfully in Warrick County, for nearly half a century, but at present is not engaged actively in business pursuits. To him and wife six children have been born, named Isabella, William Wallace, Susan, Rachel, John James (died February 1,>1884), and one that died in infancy named Priscilla. In politics he actively advocated the principles of the Whig party which favored a high tariff and United States Banks, and to-day he is a supporter of the party with similar principles. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, for three ton) Scales. William Scales and wife emigrated from North Carolina to Kentucky in 180o and from there, four years later, to Indiana Territory, locating in what is now Gibson County. While there he enlisted for the war of 1812 and participated in the battle of Tippecanoe. After the close of the war fee removed to Warrick County, farmed, taught school, served the county twice as Assessor, Sheriff two years and Treasurer one year, when he died in 1848. John Scales, his son. and father of our subject, was born in Gibson County, this State, in 1809 and followed farming throughout life. He died in 1860. Hansel M. Scales was born in Lane Township, this county, November 30, 1841, and is one in a family of eleven children. He was raised on a farm, securing only a very limited education in youth and at seventeen years of age began clerking in a store at Lynnville. In 1860 he taught school in his native township and after that engaged in farming. December 17. 1863, he married Lorenna Robinson and by her is the father of four children. He served two terms, beginning in 1870, as Assessor of Lane-Township, and in 1873 was elected Trustee, serving in that office two terms. In 1880 he was elected County Treasurer, but owing to ill-health declined a renomination. Mr. Scales is not a politician but is a strong Democrat and wields considerable influence in his party. lie owns a farm of 160 acres, is a member of the A. O. U. W. and one of the county's best citizens.

CHARLES SCHNEIDER, a native of Idar, in the Province of Birkenfeld, Germany, was born June 17, 1820, being the fourth and only survivor of five children born to J. C. and Louisa (Bohrer) Schneider, both of whom died in the old country. He was reared and educated in his native country and at fourteen years of age began the silversmith's trade, which he followed fourteen years. Having determined to immigrate to the United States, he crossed the ocean in 1848 and coming to Warrick County, Ind., made his home with an uncle in Skelton Township, until the spring of 1849, when hewenttoEvansville and learned the gunsmith's trade. He remained in that city until 1853, when he removed to Mount Vernon, where he remained about a year, then came to Boonville and opening a shop began working at his trade with a limited capital. He has ever since continued this and his small capital has largely increased mainly by industry and proper economy. Mr. Schneider is one of Boonville's honest and enterprising citizens, is a faithful adherent to the Methodist Episcopal Church, which he helped organize in Boonville, and always favors the advancement of public enterprise. He married Philipina Hepp, August 25,1853, and the following five of the six children born to them are yet living: Charles L., Carrie H., William F., Philipina W. and Lousia M. In politics Mr Schneider is a Republican.

GUSTAVUS SCHREIBER, a native of Herford, Prussia, and a son of August and Albertine Schreiber, was born October 2, 1839, and was reared to manhood and educated in his native city. Having secured a thorough education, he obtained a position, when fifteen years old, as clerk in the transportation and banking house at Minden, Prussia, where he remained four years, and where he acquired so valuable a knowledge of business as to have been of great service to him in after years. He was afterward employed as traveling salesman for wholesale hardware dealers in his native country, but thinking to better his future in the United States, he immigrated to this country in 1865, and going direct to Evansville, Ind., found employment as book-keeper in a wholesale saddle and harness house. In 1866 he accepted a clerkship in the office of the Auditor of Vanderburg County, that he might the better familiarize himself with the English language. He served in the Auditor's and Clerk's offices for some time, and also as Deputy Assessor of the county. In 1868 he wedded Babetta Kuechler, a native of Hesse-Darmstadt. Germany, and in July of the same year engaged in merchandising at Inglefield. In 1869 he became interested with a brother-in-law in a grocery in Buckskin, Gibson County, but in January, 1871, he removed to Boonville, which has since been his home. He here has identified himself with all that exerted an influence toward the welfare of Warrick County, and has also connected himself with several secret and benevolent organizations. To him and wife six children have been born, only these three yet living: Theodore, Gustavus and Adolphine. In politics Mr. Schreiber has always advocated the best interests of the Democratic party, of which he is a warm supporter. In 1882 he was elected Auditor of Warrick County, a position he has filled to the satisfaction of his constituents and honor to himself.

SHAFER BROS. The parents of the Shafer Bros, were Henry and Margaret Shafer, natives of Germany. The father immigrated to America nearly half a century ago, locating in Jefferson County, N. Y., where he engaged in farming, and where he and wife yet reside. At the age of eighteen years George M. Shafer, with a fair education, went to Watertown, N. Y., where he learned the tinner's trade. He was born December 19, 1843. After three years he came West, and finally in 1863 located in Boonville, and engaged in the stove and tin business, adding furniture and undertaking in 1871. In the spring of 1872 he married Amelia C. Fuerst, by whom he is the father of three children, one now living—William J. His wife died August 11, 1880, and April 24, 1882, he married Hannah E. Wesp, of Iowa. Mr. Shafer is a prominent citizen, a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows Lodges. Mrs. Shafer is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. John C. Shafer was born in Montezuma, N. Y., May 24, 1841, of the above parents. Upon attaining his majority he soon after enlisted in Company M, Tenth Regiment New York Artillery, where he served three years, participating in the following battles : Cold Harbor, Winchester, Cedar Creek, and others. In 1866 he took a half interest in the stove and tin business with his brother, and is thus situated at present. November 12, 1872, he married Jane E. Howard, of New York, who has borne him four children: G. Henry, Edwin J., Charles H., and Catharine E. He is a Republican, and a member of the I. O. O. F. and G. A. R. fraternities. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN G. SHRYOCK is a native of Boone County, Ky., his birth occurring November 7, 1830. He is the third of nine children born to Valentine J. and Mary (George) Shryock. The grandparents moved to Kentucky at an early day, locating at Lexington. The father when a young man went to Boone County, Ky., where his marriage occurred in 1824. He worked at the carpenter's trade for about fifteen years, and then engaged in the manufacture of chewing tobacco, continuing until 1848, when he moved to Greene County, Ind., and remained on a farm until 1853, when he moved to Posey County and engaged in fanning until 1862, when he came to Folsomville, this county, and purchased a large tract of farming land in Owen Township, and resided there until his death. March 2, 1881. His wife died in Posey County August 8, 1862. Our subject passed his youth in Kentucky without noteworthy event, receiving a fair education, and came with his parents to Greene County, this State, where his marriage with Miss Sarah J. Utterback occurred August 5, 1851. Her parents came from Boone County, Ky., to Greene Count}', this State, soon after the removal of the Shryocks. Soon after his marriage our subject engaged in the manufacture of chewing tobacco and farming in Greene County, but in 1856 removed to Posey County, where he bought a farm, upon which he lived about two years and then moved to Mount Vernon, Ind., and again began to manufacture chewing tobacco. In November, 1859, he came to Folsomville, this county, and engaged in the leaf tobacco and general merchandising business. He bought a large tract of land there, some of which he yet owns. In 1873 he opened the same business in Boonville, but soon sold out and returned to Folsomville. In 1880 he returned to Boonville, where he now lives a somewhat retired life. He owns the factory at Folsomville, superintended by his son-in-law, Marion Folsom. The firm handles 500,000 pounds of tobacco annually. He owns 500 acres of land and other valuable property. He has three children, two living: Mrs. Marion Folsom and Emma C. He is a Republican and Odd Fellow. His wife is a member of the Methodist Church. The county has no better citizens.

PATRICK SIMON, a native of County Galway, Ireland, and at present engaged in the retail liquor trade in Boonville, was born August 10, 1838, being the second of ten children born to Th.nnas and Bridget (Logan) Simon, both natives of the Emerald Isle. In about 1847 the father and family removed to Manchester, England, where he and wife were yet living at last accounts. When twenty years old Patrick crossed the ocean to seek a home and fortune in America, and coming to Warrick County, Ind., was engaged in manual labor by the day and month until 1870, when he embarked in the liquor trade with the money saved from his labors. He has continued in the business ever since, and in a financial way is a success. In politics he is a Democrat. April 26, 1859, he was united in matrimony with Mary Garrity, a native of Ireland, and to their union six children have been born, the following five yet living: Lucy, Annie, Robert, Elizabeth and James.

JOHN STEPHENSON, farmer and the present Treasurer of Warrick County, was born in Skelton Township, January 24, 1822, and is oneof seven children born to Thomas and Sarah (Phillips) Stephenson, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and North Carolina, and were among this county's earliest pioneers. John Stephenson received his youthful education in the primitive log cabin of that early period, and when a young man worked three years at the carpenter's trade. Farming, however, has been his principal occupation through life, and 150 acres of land in his native township is the result of his labors. For a help-mate through life, he selected Martha Emmons, and to their marriage five children have been born, named Huldah, Andrew, Elizabeth, William and Martha, all living. In addition to their own family, Mr. and Mrs. Stephenson have extended a benevolent hand to others, and five orphan children were reared by them. For over thirty years these parents have been members of the Baptist Church. The fall of 1863 Mr. Stephenson enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Regiment of Infantry, and on the company's organization was chosen First Lieutenant. He served through the battles of Ringgold and Resaca, but at Chattahooche River was taken sick, which compelled him to resign his commission. In politics he has always been a firm advocate of the principles of Democracy, and besides, having served in various local positions of honor and trust, was elected County Treasurer in 1882, and re-elected two years later. He is one of the influential men of the county, and enjoys the high esteem of all who know him.

WILLIAM SWINT is a native of Dubois County, Ind., born April 16, 1844. He is one of seven children born to Conrad and Adaline (Lechner) Swint, who were natives respectively of Germany and France. The father was a graduate of Heid.elburg University, was married in 1830, and the same year immigrated to New Orleans, in the United States, where, for about fifteen or sixteen years, he was engaged in furniture manufacturing and merchandising. He then moved to Jasper, Dubois Co. Ind., where he remained only a few years, thence to Troy, Ind., where he died in 1859. His widow died ten years later at the same place, and lies buried by his side. She was a daughter of Franz Lechner, a soldier under Napoleon for twenty-four years, who died in this State. William Swint, at the age of thirteen years, began a three years' apprenticeship on the Rockport Democrat. He was advanced to the foremanship of that periodical, but in July, 1861, discarded the pen for the sword, and was made a private in Company K, Twenty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He was an active participant in all the movements of his company, was commissioned Sergeant-Major in 1862, and was honorably mustered out of service in 1864. Returning to Rockport, he was employed as clerk in the offices of the County Clerk and Recorder for a time, then resumed his position on the Democrat, remaining there until 1868. From that time until 1870 he was employed on the Journal and Courier-Journal, . of Louisville, but in March, 1870, he purchased the Boonville Enquirer, which he has since ably conducted. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and is recognized as one of the leading advocates of that party in southern Indiana. He is a member of the Masonic Fraternity of the Royal Arch degree, and of the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Swint's marriage with Miss Kate A. Dreher, at Rockport, was solemnized May 18, 1867, and three children, named Anna K., Jessie A. and Curran D., blessed their union. The mother died of pneumonia, February 11, 1879, after an illness of only one week. His second marriage, which occurred April 19, 1882, with Elizabeth McMahan, is one of happiness and contentment.

GURLEY TAYLOR, a prominent citizen of Warrick County, is a son of the old pioneer, Lewis Taylor, who immigrated with a wife and child to what is now Anderson Township, Warrick Co., Ind., in 1813 or 1814, where they entered a quarter-section of land from the Government, and where they made their home during the rest of their days. Lewis Taylor was a North Carolinian by birth, but when twelve years of age became a resident of Kentucky by the removal of his parents to near Bowling Green. He was then reared on a farm and when thirty years old went to Columbia, Tenn., where he was married, in 1811, to Rachel T. Baker, the mother of our subject. He died February 14,1874, preceded by his wife May 31, 1850. Gurley Taylor was born December 28,1836, in Anderson Township, this county, and Warrick County has always been his home. At seventeen years of age he began clerking at Newburgh, remaining there between five and six years, when he removed to Lynnville to take charge of a branch store at that place. In October, 1874, he was elected, by the Democratic party, Sheriff of the county, and removing to Boonville began serving in that capacity in August, 1875. He was reelected to the same position and in all served four years. Since then he has been engaged in farming, stock-raising and dealing in agricultural implements. He is a member of the Commandery in Masonry, the Encampment in Odd Fellowship and is the owner of 700 acres of land in Warrick County besides other valuable property. Mr. Taylor was united in marriage March 24, 1858, to Lucinda Shaul, and to their union six children have been born, as follows: Mary (deceased), Edward N., William W., Jacob L., Hendricks G. and Pine J. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor are members of the General Baptist Church.

HON. JOHN L. TAYLOR, a native of this county, was born in Anderson Township August 30, 1850, being the eldest of eight children of Peter and Margaret J. (Perigo) Taylor, both natives of Warrick County. He was raised on his parents' farm, receiving a fair education and in his seventeenth year moved with his parents to Boonville, where he attended the graded school during the winters and followed farming during the summers. He prepared himself for teaching, which occupation he followed until 1871, when he entered the State University at Bloomington and completed his junior year. He then returned to this county and engaged again in teaching. He was Principal of the Lynnville Graded School in 1874-75 and Assistant Principal of the Boonville School in 1875-76. At the latter date he began studying law with Judge Handy, continuing one year. In the fall of 1877 he entered the Cincinnati Law School, from which institution he graduated in May, 1878. He was Deputy Prosecutor under Judge Reinhard one year before entering the law school. In June, 1878, he was nominated by the Democracy for the Legislature and was elected, serving one term, being the youngest member of the House but one. Since then he has practiced his profession of law at Boonville. He served three years as Town Attorney and County Attorney two years, and is at present filling both offices. He is a Mason, an Odd Fellow, a K. of P. and has been Chairman of the Democratic Central Committee of Warrick County through three campaigns. He was married January 5, 1879, and his child died aged ten months.

PETER TAYLOR, a native of Warrick County, fnd., and one of the leading farmers of Boon Township, was born August 31, 1829, and is a son of Lewis and Rachel T. (Baker) Taylor, appropriate mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume. Until eighteen years of age he remained at home with his parents, receiving only a limited education. October 11, 1849, he was married to Margaret J. Perigo, and in 1850 he contracted the gold fever and with the tide of immigration was swept to California. He then met with an accident in the mines that caused him to return to Indiana in less than a year, depleted in purse and reduced physically by disease. Up to 1859 he farmed, then in connection with four brothers embarked in mercantile pursuits at Newburgh, but only continued with them about one year when he re-embarked in farming, at which he has continued to the present time. He also is extensively engaged in rearing fine stock, making a specialty of Norman horses and Durham cattle. To his first marriage eight children were born, all living but one. The mother died December 4,1866. January 5, 1868, he wedded Margaret J. Hart, his present wife. Mr. Taylor owns about 700 acres of land in Warrick County, is a Prohibitionist and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The names of his children are John L., Theodore H., Union T., Albert, Francis, Virgil and Lillie J.

HERMANN TOPF, a native of Prussia, was bor n August 3, 1836, the third of five children born to F. Wilhelm and Dora (Harden) Topf, both natives of Hanover. The father was a saddler by trade, having learned the business of his father, who was a harness-maker for Napoleon Bonaparte. He died at Enger, Germany, January 3,1881, preceded by his wife four years. After receiving a fair education in youth he began the harness and saddlery trade at fifteen years of age with his father, remaining with him until 1859, when he came to the United States, first locating at Evansville, Ind., and then in Boonville. In 1861 he returned to his native country and entered the German Army, remaining in the service three or four years, serving one year in the war with Denmark. A year after this he returned to this country, residing six months at Evansville, then opened a harness and saddle shop in Boonville and has ever since continued it. By diligence, economy and with some pecuniary assistance from his wife, Mr. Topf has secured valuable property, a comfortable house and a creditable business, besides a farm near Boonville on which is a valuable medicinal spring bearing his name. He is a Democrat, a member of the I. O. O. F. and he and wife belong to the German Lutheran Church. December 23, 1870, Amelia Helm, a native of Germany, became his wife and one daughter that died in infancy was the only issue to their union.

JAMES C. TWEEDY, a native of Cumberland County, Ky., was born December 10, 1843, the younger of two children born to Thompson and Sarah A. (Zimmerman) Tweedy, who were also natives of Kentucky. The father came to Warrick County, Ind., in 1852, locating on a farm near Boonville, where he farmed successfully until July 22, 1884, when he dropped dead in his tobacco field. He was a member of the Christian Church and one of Warrick County's best citizens. His widow is still living. James C. Tweedy was a volunteer in his country's cause during the late war, but was only out a short time in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Indiana Regiment. He was raised a farmer's boy and has followed agricultural pursuits all his life, now owning a good farm of 220 acres which is well 'improved, well stocked and under a good state of cultivation. November 23, 1872, he was united in marriage with Artamittie Johnson, and to their union a family of three children have been born, named Almon, Larron and Myrtle. Mr. Tweedy is a Republican in politics and is an enterprising and esteemed citizen of the county.

SAMUEL L. TYNER, M. D., is the eldest of seven children born to Andrew J. and Narcissus (Spilman) Tyner, the former being raised in White County, Ill., and the latter a native of Kentucky. Andrew J. Tyner became a resident of Posey County, Ind., in 1836, and for four years followed blacksmithing at Cynthiana. He then worked at his trade at different times in Gibson, Warrick and Posey Counties, Ind., then returned to Illinois, where he died in February, 1883. Mrs. Tyner died in this State in August, 1877. Samuel L. Tyner was born in Posey County, this State, July 30, 1838, and only had common school advantages in youth, and of his father learned blacksmithing. When about nineteen years old he began the study of medicine, paying for the use of medical works by shoeing a neighboring physician's horses. April 27,1857, he wedded Mary J. Zimmerman, who died in January, 1859. July 30,1861, he married Rachel J. Morrison, and September 20 of the same year enlisted in Company K, Forty-second Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, serving until July 15, 1865, when he was mustered out as Assistant Surgeon of his regiment. He saw much hard service and was a participant in the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Marietta, Resaca, Altoona Pass and others. After the fall of Atlanta he was made Hospital Steward. Returning home lie attended two terms of lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, then practiced at Somerville, Ind., until the fall of 1868, when he located at Lynnville. In 1869 he again attended Rush College, which graduated him with the degree of ' M. D.'' in February, 1870. In 1876 Dr. Tyner located in Boonville, but in June, 1878, moved to his farm in Hart Township. In April, 1884, he returned to Boonville, and is still engaged in the practice of medicine. He is a Republican, a member of the Masonic and G. A. R. orders, and he and his wife are parents of five children, only three—Charles L., Thomas B. and George J.—yet living. Mrs. Tyner is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JACOB WEYERBACHER was born in Germany January 27, 1832, being the third of eight children of John P. and Catharine (Immech) Weyerbacher. The father immigrated to America in 1852, settling in Warrick County and buying a farm in Boon Township, upon which he lived until 1866, when he moved to Boonville and retired from active business. His death occurred June 3,1873, but his widow still survives him at the age of eighty-one years. Jacob received a fair education in Germany and upon the arrival of the family in this county lived upon his father's farm until 1857, when he moved to the county seat and engaged in the toy and confectionery trade ; also the barber business. He has since been thus engaged. He has accumulated a comfortable home and a fine business. He is a stock-holder in the Boonville National Bank, and is Vice-President of that corporation. He married Margaret Kautz September 15, 1857, who bore him eight children, six now living. His wife died July 30, 1881, and September 12, 1882, he married Caroline Goerlitz, and by her is the father of pne child. He is a Mason, a Democrat, and he and wife attend the Unitarian Church. In 1860 his brother was accidentally shot on the farm by a hired hand.

EPHRAIM WHITMER, a native of Muhlenburg County, Ky., was born March 26, 1843, the second in a family of twelve children of Michael and Barbara Ann (Shaver) Whitmer, who were natives of Kentucky and Virginia respectively. The father was reared, educated and married in his native State, where he reared a family, followed farming and died in April, 1868, followed by his widow in September, 1876. Ephraim Whitmer is emphatically one of Warrick County's self-made men. He was reared in his native State to manhood, receiving only a limited education. In later years, by application, he secured a practical knowledge of all the ordinary branches of education. At the age of twenty-one he left home to do for himself, and for two years worked at carpentering, and later, for an equal length of time, dealt in tobacco. Succeeding this he clerked in a general store fourteen months, then came to this county and engaged in farming. Beginning as a farm hand, he saved his wages and invested it in real estate, which he increased from time to time until he owned one hundred acres of good land. In March, 1884, he purchased his present farm, where he is now comfortably situated. In politics he is Democratic. October 26, 1871, he welded Rachel Reynolds, daughter of John A. Reynolds, an early settler of Warrick County, by whom he is the father of four children : Anna P., Edmund N. tdeceased), Bird E. and John A.

AARON WILSON, a native of Russell County, Ky., and the youngest in a family of nine children born to James and Elizabeth (Fox) Wilson, was born March 18, 1827. His father was a native of Virginia, moved to Russell County, Ky., when twenty-five years old and from there, in 1858, removed to Warrick County, Ind., locating on a farm in Lane Township,where he resided until his death, September 21, 1873. His mother was a native of North Carolina and April 28, 1863, died in this county. Mr. Wilson married Martha Stephenson for his second wife, and this lady yet survives him. Aaron Wilson had but little or no educational advantages in boyhood but since becoming a man he has read and studied untilhe now possesses a good practical education. Coming to this county with his father he bought land in Lane Township where he lived fourteen years. Early in 1873 he moved to his present place of residence. He is one of Warrick County's best farmers and is the owner of 446 acres of good land which is well stocked and under a good state of cultivation. November 5, l846, he wedded Catharine Warner, who died May 3, 1853, after bearing three children, all deceased. To his maraiage with Tabitha Bowling, which was solemnized March 2, 1854, three children were born, only one now living. The mother died March 25, I860. Margaret Flynn, his third wife, to whom he was wedded September 28,1863, bore him one child and died March 31, 1880. November 22,1882, he married Dora Cromeans, his present wife, and by her is the father of one daughter. Mr. Wilson is a Democrat in politics and religiously is a believer in the Baptist faith.

RICE WILSON, a native of Russell County, Ky., was born December 13, 1840, the second born in a family of thirteen children of John and Jestina (Gossar) Wilson, both of whom were natives of the Blue Grass State. John Wilson was born February 15, 18l6, moved with his family to Owen Township, Warrick Co.' Ind. in 1848 and May 3, 1861, died in Lane Township. Mr. Wilson was one of Warrick's best citizens, a thrifty and enterprising farmer and a man honored and esteemed for his many virtues. Rice Wilson was raised in Warrick County, receiving his education from the common schools of that day. During early manhood he taught school in conjunction with farming and February 6, 1859, he wedded Charlotte J. Madden, by whom he is the father of three sons, named James R., John W., and Elisha A. For a number of years after marriage Mr. Wilson followed agricultural pursuits; beginning poor he increased in wealth, by industry and economy, until at one time he was the owner of 220 acres of good land. He has taken considerable pains in the rearing of fine cattle and throughout life has been very successful. In 1861 he met with the misfortune of the loss of his house, together with its contents, by fire. In 1875 he was elected Recorderof the county, moving to Boonville the year following. After serving one term he was re-elected to the same office, serving in all two terms. He is a Democrat and he and wife belong to the Baptist congregation in Owen Township.

GOTTFRIED O. WILDE, one of the prominent and successful business men of Boonville, was born May 15, 1842, in Prussia, and was the fifth in a family of eleven children born to the marriage of Karl J. G. Wilde and Franziska Hevelke, both of whom were also natives of Prussia, where they lived and died. Our subject received a good education, in youth graduating at St. Peters College, Dantzic, and in the special course of chemistry. He then entered a wholesale chemical and mercantile store in Dantzic, but at the end of two years entered a merchant vessel, upon which he remained several years. In 1868 he crossed the ocean to America, locating in Boonville, Ind., in 1869, and in 1870 embarking in the drug trade in partnership with a brother who had preceded him to this place a short time. Four years later our subject purchased his brother's interest and has since conducted the business alone with more than ordinary success, owning a large stock and controlling a fine trade. In December, 1873, he was united in marriage with Marie Sasse, and he and wife are members of the Evangelical Church. Mr. Wilde, in politics, is a Democrat and is one of the enterprising men of the place. He helped organize the Evangelical Church, having served as Elder in the same nine years, and is one of its principal supporters.

WILLIAM S. WILDER was born in Franklin County, Tenn., January 25, 1820, being the fourth of five children born to Nathaniel and Elizabeth (McDuff) Wilder, who died in that State when William was a small lad. Our subject was raised on the farm in the county of his birth, receiving a common education. At the age of eighteen years he enlisted as a soldier in the Florida war, serving six months,rhen he continued farming in Tennessee until 1847. He then came to Warrick County, and lived in Boonville, following farming and teaming. In 1849 he rented a farm five miles northwest of Boonville, upon which he lived a year, when he bought a farm adjoining, upon which he has lived to the present time. He has been fairly successful in this industry and owns 100 acres of well-improved land upon which he resides in a comfortable residence. He has given an equal amount of land to that which he now owns to his children. He married Miss Milly Wildman, a native of Tennessee, by whom he is the father of eight children, six of whom are living, named Elizabeth, who married G. W. Bohannon; Sarah, who married Ryan Blankenship; Nathaniel; Nancy, who married Homer Alexander; William J. and John S. Mr. Wilder's wife died in April, 1869, and in October, 1870, he married Alice Ringham, a native of England, by whom he' is the father of one child named Mattie B. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and was a strong Union man during the war of the Rebellion, in which two of his sons enlisted, but he was detained from going by a large and dependent family. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for forty years, and is one of the founders of Center Church.

JESSE WILLIS, a native Hoosier, was born February 10, 1842, in Pike County. His parents, Alexander and Elizabeth R. (Rough) Willis, were natives of North Carolina, where they were married and from whence they moved to the birth-place of our subject in about 1842. In 1847 they removed to this county, securing land in Boon Township, where they engaged in farming, Mr. Willis also working at his trade of house-carpenter. He was one of the prominent men of his day in the county, and at the time of his death in April, 1881, was County Commissioner. His widow still survives him. Jesse Willis is the eldest of ten children, and being raised on a farm secured only a limited education. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served his country with fidelity through the battles of Franklin, Nashville, Atlanta campaign, and numerous lesser engagements. On the closing of the war he returned home, and February, 1866, wedded Mary E. Hunt, who died August 15, 1870, leaving one daughter—Lucy E. Mr. Willis has followed farming and saw-milling all his life, being at present engaged in the former occupation and the owner of 220 acres of well-improved land. March 11, 1877, he married Alice V. Lawrence, who died February 3, 1881, after bearing two children, named George E. and William A. Mr. Willis was married October 23. 1883, to Sarah C. Bohannon, his present wife, by whom he is the father of one child— Cora. He is a stanch Republican, a Freemason, and Mrs. Willis is a member of the Christian Church.

THOMAS B. YOUNGBLOOD was born in Anderson Township, this county, June 13, 1827, one in a family of eleven children born to John W. and Anna (Musgrave) Youngblood, and grandson of Samuel and Jane Youngblood. His paternal grandfather was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. John W. Youngblood was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal faith, and one of the pioneers of Warrick County. He came to Indiana Territory about the year 1812, and settled in Anderson Township, this county, where he was married September 21, 1815. He was one of the best men ever in the county. The subject of this sketch was raised a farmer, and when twenty years old married Rachel E. Hinman. He was constantly engaged in farming and stock-raising from that time until 1882, when he moved to Boonville, where he now resides, retired from active business pursuits. January 11, 1853, his wife died of quick consumption, leaving three sons: John E., James J. and Charles P. May 26, 1854, he was married to Mary A. Osborn, a native of Spencer County, this State, and three of the six children born to this marriage are now living, named Emma A. (Mrs. Jonah Barnett), Minerva (Mrs. James A. Bullock) and Flora A. At the age of eighteen Mr. Youngblood joined the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has since been an earnest worker in that denomination. In 1872 he was licensed an exhorter of his faith, and in 1875 was regularly ordained a minister of that denomination. He is a Christian gentleman and a man respected and esteemed by a large circle of acquaintances.

OHIO TOWNSHIP.

CHARLES BRENNER (deceased), a practical miller, and a man well and favorably known in southern Warrick County, was born January 19, 1833, in Birkenfeld, Germany. He was one in a family of seven children born to Jacob and Theodora Brenner, who immigrated to the United States in about 1840. Our subject was a man of but common education, but being gifted with a well balanced mind and good judgment, he made life a success. December 20, 1853, he married Anna Cave, an estimable lady, who bore him a family of twelve children, these seven yet living: Charles W. (who married Emma Brizius), Henry C. (wedded Alice Bell), Mary, Nellie, William C., Fannie and Frank S. The parents were both members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. In 1871 Mr. Brenner purchased what is now known as the Brenner Mill at Newburgh, which is one of the oldest established institutions of the kind in the county. Refitting it, he took the initiative step, and did much to bring the mill into its present standard of excellence. He was killed in an accident at the mill on the 13th of August, 1878, to the sorrow of the entire community. He was connected with various charitable and benevolent institutions, and belonged to the Masonic, I. O. O. F. and K. of P. fraternities. His son Charles W. is the present proprietor of the Brenner Mill.

OZRO CASTLE, one of the well known old pioneers of Warrick County, was born April 3, 1816, in Oneida County, N. Y., and is one of seven children born to David N. and Polly (Curtis) Castle, who were natives of Massachusetts and Connecticut respectively. Late in December, 1824, the family reached Warrick County, Ind., having traveled the greater part of the distance from New York on the Alleghany and Ohio Rivers. They entered the land where our subject now resides, and were honest, law-abiding citizens. Ozro assisted his parents on the home farm until the age of twenty-two years, and during this time received a limited education from the pioneer schools of the day. Farming has always been his occupation, and a good farm of 120 acres is the result of his labors. From early boyhood he has evinced great delight in hunting, in which art he is decidedly proficient. At the early age of eight years he stole the gun from the house, and started out on a hunting expedition, as he had seen others do. Seeing a deer he, with great difficulty, managed to level the gun, the breech being underneath his arm. In this manner the gun was fired, but the recoil threw the young sportsman so forcibly on his back as to almost render him unconscious. Since that time hunting has entered largely into his other pursuits, and in one day he has killed five deer and two turkeys. In one month he killed sixteen deer. In 1837 he moved to Missouri, where he resided ten years, when he returned to Warrick County, Ind., which has since been his home. March 8, 1839, he married Dolly Sellers, and the following named of their six children are yet living: Polly A., Nancy and Benjamin F. In January, 1851, the mother died, and April 2,1854, Mr. Castle wedded Naomi Phillips, who died in child-birth, May 6, 1855. In 1862 Emaline Webb became his third wife, and is by him the mother of three children, only one —Salina—now living. Mr. Castle was a third time left a widower, November 22, 1869. In politics he is a stanch Republican.

NELSON G. DUBOIS, a pioneer of Warrick County, Ind., was born March 16, 1821, in Ohio County, Ky., being the only child of Stephen and Rebecca Dubois, who were natives respectively of South Carolina and Virginia. When our subject was yet.an infant his father died, and twelve years later his mother removed to Warrick County, Ind., with him and settled on Congress land, two miles south of Boonville, but shortly thereafter went to Posey County, this State, where they unfortunately lost almost all their worldly possessions, by reason of sickness. Returning to their old farm in Warrick County, they continued residing there until the death of Mrs. Dubois, in 1866. In 1884 Nelson G. returned to Chandler, which has since been his home. He received a limited education in the primitive log-cabin of his boyhood days; was raised to manhood on a farm, and farming has always been his occupation. April 13, 1843, he wedded Minerva J. Montgomery, who died June 14, 1866, after bearing ten children, the following named yet living: Angeline, Jasper N., Susan M., Eli L., Josephine, Amanda J., George M. and Minerva. August 19, 1866, Mr. Dubois married Sarah Baker, and he was again left a widower November 30, 1882. May 18, 1884, Isabel Farley became his third, and is his present wife, and both belong to the Baptist Church. In politics Mr. Dubois is a stanch Democrat, and has served as Trustee of Boon Township four years, Real Estate Appraiser five years. County Commissioner three years, and has also served as Drainage Commissioner by appointment from the Circuit Court Judge. Mr. Dubois is one of the county's best citizens.

JOHN Q. A. ELLIS, deceased, one of the foremost men of his day in Warrick County, was born February 26, 1828, in Ohio Township, and was one in a family of eleven children born to the marriage of Rowland Ellis and Lydia Stebbins, who were among this county's early pioneers. In youth he received only such education as was offered in that early day, and October 24, 1861, he united in marriage with America E. Bailey, by whom he became the father of eight children, the following named yet living: Allen, Rosetta A., Mary Etta, George W. and LyJia M. By occupation Mr. Ellis was a farmer, and it was also true that he was one of the best and most successful in the county. He belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church, having made a profession of Christianity in the fall of 1863, and in politics was a Republican. By uncompromising integrity and uniform kindness to all with whom he came in contact he possessed the warmest friendship of the entire neighborhood, and his death, which occurred November 28, 1881, was a source of universal sorrow and regret. His widow and family reside on the farm left by him, which consists of 200 acres of the township's best land.

DAVID N. FUQUAY, a descendant of one of the first pioneer families of this locality, was born in Warrick County, Ind., June 30, 1843. John Fuquay, his father, was born September 9, 1808, in Bullitt County, Ky., and about the year 1817, in company with his parents, came to Warrick County, Ind. Being the eldest of the children, he took charge of the family after his parents' death, and cared for them until they became old enough to do for themselves. On Christmas day, 1838, he united in matrimony with Mrs. Calista (Castle) Bostwich, a native of Oneida County, N. Y., and to their union were born five children, the subject of our sketch being the second. He remained at home until twenty-three years of age, receiving only such education as was commonly afforded. May 27,1866, he united in marriage with Mary J. Marts, and Orilla L. and Daniel N. are the names of their two children. Mr. Fuquay enlisted May 7, 1864, in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until he was honorably discharged at Indianapolis. He is one of the thorough-going and enterprising farmers of the county, is a member of the G. A. R., and is a Republican in politics.

ROYAL G. GARDNER, a prosperous citizen of Ohio Township, is a native of Hardin County, Ky., born November 26, 1826, the oldest in a family of nine children born to William and Maria (Glass) Gardner, who were natives of Maryland and Kentucky respectively, the father being of German and the mother of Scotch-Irish descent. They removed to Warrick County, Ind., in 1833, and settled in Ohio Township, where they resided until their respective deaths. The mother died January 5, 1861, and the father April 2, 1876. Royal G. remained at home assisting on the farm, and receiving such education as the facilities of that day afforded, until he attained his majority. August 1, 1852, he married Susanna C. Merritt, and to them have been born six children, these four now living: Mary F. (Mrs. E. S. Williams), John F. (who married Ella Sechrist), Charles H. (whose wife was Nellie Hutchinson), and Rachel (wife of George W. Crawford). Mr. Gardner has made farming his principal occupation through life, but shortly after his marriage he learned the carpenter trade, working at that two years, since when he has devoted his time to agricultural pursuits, now owning forty acres of good land. In politics he is a Democrat, and takes a deep interest in all political affairs of the community where he lives. Mr. and Mrs. Gardner are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are respected and esteemed by all who know them.

WILLIAM H. H. GARDNER, a well-to-do and enterprising farmer of Warrick County, Ind., is a native of the township in which he yet resides, his birth occurring October 6, 1834. He is one of twelve children born to the marriage of William Gardner and Maria Glass, who were natives of Kentucky, from whence they came to Warrick County, Ind., about the year 1831, settling a short distance east of Newburgh. William H. H. Gardner, subject of this biography, remained at home and assisted his parents on the farm until he attained his majority, during which time he received but a meager schooling. March 22, 1856, he united in marriage with Julia F. Brown, and ten children have blessed their union, these eight now living : Samuel S. (married Dorotha Gordon), Homer A. (married Mary E. Pepmiller), Anna (married), John T., Melissa C., Lana A., O. E., and Etta F. Mr. Gardner has made farming his occupation through life, and by industry and good management has become the owner of a good farm of 170 acres. In politics he is a, Democrat, and in all public affairs he manifests a lively interest. He and family are among the best of Ohio Township's citizens.

THOMAS P. GUNNELL, one of the few enterprising and wideawake men of Newburgh, was born October 17,1814, in Augusta County of the Old Dominion, being one in a family of nine children born to Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Patterson) Gunnell, who moved to what is now Kenton County, Ky., in 1832. Shortly after their settlement there Mrs. Gunnell died. Mr. Gunnell then went to Missouri, where he resided the remainder of his days. At eighteen years of age our subject began the blacksmith's trade at Chillicothe, Ohio. He subsequently worked one year at his trade at home, two years at Cincinnati, and in 1837 went t« Evansville, Ind., and from there, in August of the same year, settled at Newburgh, which has ever since been his home. For years he has bee» engaged in blacksmithing. manufacturing and dealing in plows, wagons, buggies, etc. In politics he is a Republican, formerly a Whig; has served as Township Trustee, and represented his district in the National Convention of the Whig party that nominated Fillmore for the Presidency. In September, 1836, he was first married, his wife dying, leaving one son—William D—since deceased. He was married October 23, 1861, to Miss Martha Kelley, of Louisville, Ky., daughter of Samuel A Kelley. and the following named children have been born to them: Sarah K., Kittie, Elizabeth, Samuel P. and Thomas H. The parenti belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Gunnell is Trustee and Steward. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and takes an active part in the workings of the Subordinate Lodge and the Encampment of that organization.

JOHN N. HART, farmer and stock-raiser, is a grandson of Judge Joha Hart, a brief biography of whom is as follows: Born November 15, 1772, in North Carolina, he immigrated to Mercer County, Ky., when nineteen years old, and the fall of 1792 married Elizabeth Casey, whs bore him six children, as follows: William, born in the year 179-4; David, 1796; Polly, 1798; John, 1800; Elizabeth, 1802, and Samuel, born 1804. In April, 1820, Mr. Hart and family moved to Princeton, Ind., and the year following settled two miles southeast of the present site of Lynnville and in what is now Hart Township, which was namei in his honor. He was widely known and respected for his many virtues, and for twelve years was an Associate Judge of Warrick County. He died August 23, 1856, as he had lived, an honest, temperate, gentteman. John N. Hart, the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in July, 1820, and is one of two children—himself and Emaline—born to William and Sarah (Banta) Hart. The mother dying, William Hart married Sallie Farmer, who bore him ten children, these seven yet living: David L., Thompson B., Sarah A., Elizabeth, Samuel W., Charles C. and Ellen. John N. Hart was raised by his grandfather until twentyfive years of age, receiving a common school education. In March, 1845, he wedded Maria Hart, who died seven months later. September 1, 1850, he married Julia A. Morrison, and by her he is the father of three children : Ivy J., A. E. and George W. (deceased). He owns an excellent farm of 240 acres, is one of the leading Republicans of the eounty, and is a first-class citizen.

SAMUEL L. HELT, merchant and buyer and shipper of produce, at Chandler, is a native of Galion, Ohio, his birth occurring October 12, 1848, and he is the sixth in a family of ten children born to Christian and Eliza (Hosler) Helt. In the year 1852 the parents removed to Illinois, where our subject remained until sixteen years of age, securing a limited education from the common schools. Upon leaving home he worked two years as carpenter on what is now the Louisville & Nashville Railroad and one year in a sash and door factory at Henderson, Ky. He then associated himself in partnership with Nathan Marx in the fancy grocery business, which continued until his partner was murdered, after which he sold out and clerked for the purchasers of the property, who had removed the stock to Fairplay. October 1:5, 1874, he wedded Miss Mary E. Walker, and to this union four children have been born, two daughters yet li ing, named Nellie and Ina. In 1878 he removed to Evansville, Ind., and a year later located permanently at Chandler, where be has built up a large and lucrative trade. He keeps an average general stock on hand amounting to $2,500, and annually transacts $16,000 worth of business. Mr. Helt began life with but little or no means, and what he now possesses was obtained by his own energy and good management. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the I. O. O. F. and K. of P. fraturinty.

DR. W. A. HEWINS, of Chandler, was born in Ohio Township, Warrick County, Ind., February 27, 1851, being the fourth of six children born to William H. and Matilda (Snyder) Hewins, who were natives of Geauga County, Ohio, and Lycoming County, Penn., respectively. Mrs. Hewins came to Warrick County, Ind., in April, 1829, and eight years later Mr. Hewins made settlement within the county's borders, and January 2, 1844, they were united in marriage. The immediate subject ef this memoir assisted his parents on the home farm until his majority. By close application to books he qualified himself for the teacher's profession, which he followed seven terms, and during this time read medicine at intervals, under the advisement of Dr. Charles Parke, of Millersburg. The winter of 1876-77 he attended the Louisville Medical College, and the winter of 1877-78 attended the Miami Medical College of Cincinnati, which graduated him in February, 1878. Locating, in March of the same year, at Millersburg, he practiced his profession three years in partnership with his preceptor, and since that time has resided at Chandler, where he controls a good practice. He is a Republican, a Mason, and a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. December 25, 1878, he married Miss Lizzie Hay, who has borne him two children : Raymond B. and Ivy Lillian. Mrs. Hewins belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Dr. Hewins is one of the county's most progressive Kien, and is self made in the fullest sense of the word.

WILLIAM M. HOUSE, a prominent old settler of Ohio Township, was born January 11, 1818, in Vermont, and is the eldest of eight children born to Seali and Viana (Curlew) House, who were also natives of the Green Mountain State. They removed to Ohio at an early day, and from there to Warrick County, Ind., arriving at the latter place October 15, 1839, and first settled on a farm in Boon Township, but a year later removing to near the present place of our subject. William M. was reared to manhood in Ohio, and received only a limited education. October 15, 1840, he married Julia Ann Hedge, and these six of the seven children born to them are living : George (who married Elizabeth Pine); Jane (now Mrs. Joseph Pecke); Kaoka(wife of Amos Merritt); Victoria (unmarried); Tarmer (who wedded Georgia A. Phillips), and Catharine (Mrs. John Trumper). Mr. House has always made farming his occupation, and although he is not rich in this world's goods he has a comfortable home and a good farm of eighty acres. He is a Republican in politics, a member of the Baptist Church, and is identified with all the laudable local public enterprises of the community in which he resides.

JAMES W. LOWRANCE, a prominent citizen of Ohio Township, is a native of Tennessee, born February 10, 1815, one in a family of seven children born to David and Sarah (Dobbins) Lowrance, who were both natives of North Carolina. They first came to Indiana in 1815, settling in Darlington, the old county seat of Warrick County, where the father died the year following their settlement. Shortly after their removal to what is now King Station the mother married again, and by her second husband our subject was reared, and with whom he lived until his mother's death, which occurred in 1833. In youth he received but a limited education, and April 16,1843, his marriage with Hannah Fuquay was solemnized, and to their union seven children have been born : Luther S., William, John, James A., Joseph G., George W., and Margaret E. (now Mrs. Walker Duncan). Our subject's principal occupation through life has been farming, at which he has been very successful, owning 182 acres of well improved land. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and was twice elected by the people to fill the office of Justice of the Peace, but did not qualify. He now holds the office of Commissioner of Drainage for the county. Mr. Lowrance is well known throughout the county, and is respected by all who know him.

LEWIS LENN, born February 24, 1»13, in Henderson County, Ky., is the third of eight children born to James and Ruth (James) Lenn, natives respectively of Maryland and Pennsylvania. James Lenn was a typical frontiersman and was never so happy as far away from the scenes of civilization. He was also a pioneer of Warrick County, his location dating back to about the year 1801. During the troublesome times with the Indians he removed his family to Kentucky and joining a band of rangers, participated in the battle of Tippecanoe. Returning to Warrick County, he lived within its borders until the encroachments of civilization became oppressive to one of his nature, when he went to Missouri. He was an intimate friend of the world-renowned Daniel Boone, and often accompanied him and Neil Washburn on their hunting expeditions. Lewis Lenn was raised to the hardships and inconveniences incident to pioneer life, and on attaining his majority began doing for himself. July 3, 1841, he married Polly Parker, and Mary, now Mrs. William Greer, of Evansville, was the only child born to their union. In April, 1848, Mrs. Lenn died, and August of the same year Mr. Lenn wedded Mrs. Sarah M. James, who has borne him five children, these three yet living : Sarah (wife of Hiram L. Robertson), John L. (who married Sophia B. Gray) and Adella (Mrs. Thomas B. Anderson). Mr. Lenn has always followed forming and now owns 150 acres of good land. In politics he is a Democrat and for over forty-five years he and wife have been members of the Baptist Church.

FRANK McCOOL, a descendant of one of the early and prominent settlers of Warrick County, was born in this county January 15, 1828, the second in a family of seven sons born to Thomas and Melinda (Alexander) McCool, who were natives respectively of North and South Carolina. They both came to this State in company with their parents; the Alexander family in the year 1811, and the McCool family two years later, the latter having first settled where Boonville now stands, and the former first locating in Newburgh. Frank McCool's mother was born in June, 1800, and his father in July, 1802, and their marriage took place at Chandler, about the year 1822. The father was one of the earliest settlers in the county and entered eighty acres of land in Campbell Township, which he afterward sold and entered another tract of 120 acres in Ohio Township, near Chandler, where his principal occupation was fanning and tobacco raising and where he lived until his death, April 18, 186S. His wife died June 18, 1862. Our subject remained at home and assisted his parents on the farm, receiving a common school education, and October 30, 1850, he married Catharine J. Merritt, daughter of Capt. Daniel P. Merritt, and to them were born seven children: Daniel W., Randolph, Maria J., Mary A., Emma J., William F. and Edmond. February 15, 1877, Mrs. McCool died, and February 8, 1883, Mr. McCool wedded Mary J. Hudson. By occupation he has always been a farmer, turning his attention principally to hay raising. He owns 130 acres of well improved land and in politics is a stanch Republican.

OTIS B. PASCO, a descendant of one of the pioneer families of this oounty, was born October 19, 1822, at Boonville, and is the only issue to the marriage of Dr. Alva Pasco, a native of Connecticut, and Lucy Hoskins, who was born in New York. About the year 1818 these parents same to Warrick County, Ind., and settled at Darlington, the then county seat. They afterward moved to Newburgh and from there to Boonville. where Mr. Pasco died, August 2, 1824. Mrs. Pasco lived to the age of sixty-three years, dying in 1865. Otis B. Pasco lived to the age of eighteen years with his mother and step-father, and during this time received the better part of his education at Delaney Academy at Newburgh. May 25, 1845, he wedded Tabitha Noel, who bore him five children, of whom only two, Algernon H. (married Catharine Perry) and Tabitha A. (Mrs. Benjamin F. Sprinkle), are now living. February 19, 1852, the mother died, and July 4, 1853, Mr. Pasco married Maria Brenner, and seven children were born to them, these now living: Eva, (Mrs. Lee Armstrong); Robert F., Cephas C. and Meredith. October 13, 1869, he was called upon to mourn the death of his second wife, who, like the first, was in every way a Christian wife and mother. Elizabeth Sprinkles became his third wife March 11, 1874, and by him the mother of five children: Irene G., Sylvester J., Laura A., Stella T. and Pearly C. Mr. Pasco is the owner of forty acres of good land, is a Democrat, has served as County Surveyor twenty years and also as Township Assessor. In 1856 he moved to Red Wing, Minn., where he resided six years and during that time was elected a County Commissioner.

JONATHAN ROBERTS, a prominent citizen and an old settler of Ohio Township, is a native of Caledonia County, Vt., and was born on December 10, 1819, the third in a family of five children born to Joshua and Joanna (Stevens) Roberts, who were natives of New Hampshire. In about the year 1834 they removed from Vermont to Ohio, remaining there until 1839, when they came to Warrick County, Ind., and settled in Boon Township, where they remained until their respective deaths. Jonathan remained at home with his parents until he attained his majority, receiving a common school education. March 20,1842, his marriage with Delilah Alexander was solemnized, and to their union have been born six children, the following named yet living: William F., who married Alice Law; John R., George W., whose wife was Norah I. Hunt; and Maria J., now Mrs. William Mitchum. Mr. Roberts' occupation through life has been farming, at which he has been fairly successful, now owning seventy acres of well improved land. In October, 1864, he was called upon by his country to assist in putting down the Rebellion and he went into the service in Company I, Twelfth Indiana Regiment, where he served until June, 1865, when he was discharged at Harewood Hospital, Washington, D. C. Mr. Roberts is a Republican in politics and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN A. VANN, a prominent and old citizen of Ohio Township, is a native of Henderson County, Ky., and was born on what is now called Green River Island, September 9, 1814. He was fourth in a family of eight children born to Absalom and Rebecca (Rollison) Vann, who in about the year 1815 removed to Indiana settling in Vanderburg County, where they made their permanent home. John A. was reared in that county, receiving such education as was to be had at that early day, and November 17,1835, his marriage with Fannie Carlen was solemnized and to their union eight children have been born, of whom six are now living: Craven, who married Frances Wilson, since deceased ; Emily, now Mrs. Price Phillips; Francis, unmarried; Carolina, now Mrs. George Bristow; Sibbel, Mrs. Marion Lockwood ; and Henry Clay, who married Ruth Lockwood. Mr. Vann's occupation through life has always been farming, at which he has been quite successful, owning at present forty acres of good land well improved. Mrs. Vann is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Vann belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church and in politics is a Republican. He and family are among the first in the county.

NATHAN B. WALDEN, a well-known old settler of Ohio Township, was born January 22, 1813, in Henderson County, Ky. He is the third in a family of ten children born to Nathan and Sarah (Lambert) Walden, who are natives of Virginia, from whence they removed to the Blue Grass State at an early day. Our subject was reared to years of maturity in his native county, receiving but a limited education. In 1828 he visited a half-sister in Indiana and in the fall of 1838 came to Warrick County to reside permanently. The year following he entered eighty acres of land and shortly thereafter made an addition of eighty acres. October 11, 1836, Maria Hines became his wife and the following named of the three children born to them are yet living: Sarah (Mrs. William Matthews) and Amanda (Mrs. William Donaldson). The mother dying September 8, 1843, Mr. Walden married Martha J. (Le Masters) Martin December 3, 1845, and the following of their seven children are now living: Ruth A. (Mrs. Wesley Duncan), Eli L. (who married Lucy Duncan), Jordan L. (wedded Elizabeth Summers), Martha J. (Mrs. James Purdue) and Eva. Mrs. Walden is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. Walden is a Republican—formerly a Whig—and belongs to the Baptist Church.

JAMES W. WALDEN, a prominent citizen of Ohio Township, is a native of Henderson County, Ky., born April 1, 1826, the third in a family of six children born to James and Katherine (McDermitt) Walden, who were natives respectively of Henderson County, Ky., and Montgomery County, Md., the father of Welsh and the mother of Irish descent. In about 1830 these parents moved to Illinois, where James W. was raised, remaining with them and assisting on the farm until twenty years of age. March 9, 1856, his marriage with Hulda A. Welden, who was a native of Kentucky, was solemnized and to their union five children have been born, these two now living: William M., who married Nora Hubbard, and Lucy F., unmarried. Mr. Walden has made farming his occupation through life and has been very successful in this pursuit, now owning 160 acres of well improved land in addition to property in the city of Evansville. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Mr. Walden having been a member since fifteen years of age. In politics he is a life-long Democrat.

HENRY E. WILLIAMS, a prominent citizen and native of Ohio Township, was born September 1, 1832, being the elder and only one now living of two children born to Isaac and Jane (Wright) Williams, who were natives of North Carolina and Warrick County, Ind., respectively. About the year 1810 the father, together with his parents, settled in Vanderburg County, Ind. Ty., and a year later removed to Warrick County. Henry E. always remained at home with the exception of four years while merchandising at Newburgh. September 8, 1859, his marriage with Caroline M. Schrader was solemnized and four of their six children are yet living, as follows : Eva (Mrs. C. C. Anderson), Nannie (Mrs. C. M. Alexander), Ed. H. and Ida. Mr. Williams is a farmer by occupation and owns a large tract of land within the county. He is enterprising, energetic and a thorough-going business man. A stanch Republican in politics, he manifests a keen interest in the prosperity of the county and is liberal in his aid to all charitable and benevolent institutions.

AMOS G. WRIGHT, born in Boon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., July 22, 1819, is descended from one of the earliest pioneers of this county. He is the fourth in a family of ten children born to the marriage of James Wright and Nancy Butler, who were natives of the Old Dominion, from whence they moved to Kentucky and from there to this county and State in the year 1810, first settling at Darlington, the old seat of justice for Warrick County, and a year later moving to the farm on which Center Church is located. Amos G. assisted his parents on the home farm until twenty-two years old and in youth attended the subscription schools of the day to a limited extent. February 22, 1841, he wedded Eleanor Iglehart, who died March 1, 1883, after bearing a family of six children, as follows: Allen (who married Mary Stone), Melissa (wife of John Webb), Mary J. (Mrs. John Mitchum), Emma (now Mrs. Dr. George Bucklen), Clara and Ella. At the age of eighteen years Mr. Wright united with the Methodist Episcopal Church and since that time has been a consistent member of the same. He is a successful farmer, owning a good farm of 100 acres; is a Republican in politics and an enterprising, Christian gentleman.

HART TOWNSHIP.

JOHN E. CARNAHAN, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Gibson County, Tenn., February 18, 1838, and is one of six children born to James P. and Martha (Bell) Carnahan, who were natives of Virginia and North Carolina. He secured only a limited education in youth, and in 1842 removed with his parents to Hart Township, in this county, remaining with them until eighteen years old, when he was employed as Superintendent of the James Patterson farm for two years. He then began going to school, but his boarding-house burned, after being there a short time, and with it his clothing and $l40. This compelled him to give up the project of schooling for the time being. In 1859 he cultivated the farm of his aunt, Jane Erwin, and this cleared him $250, which gave him his second start in life. The winter of that year he worked for his uncle, G. W. Mitchell, as inspector, buyer and receiver of tobacco. The fall of 1860 he made his first purchase of land, paying part cash and giving a half interest in a threshing machine for the remainder. October 15, 1861, he married Miss L. J. Francis, by whom he became the father of six children, these four yet living: Andy McC., Coleman C., Gilbert B. and Eliza A. Mr. Carnahan served his country faithfully in the late war as a member of Company K., Forty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was six times wounded in one battle. He was honorably mustered out of service in December, 1862. Since then Mr. Carnahan has farmed, merchandised and carried on livering, being at present engaged in the former occupation. He, emphatically, is a self-made man, and is the owner of 269 acres of good land. He is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities.

JOHN CLINTON is a native of Trumbull County, Ohio, and is one of twelve children born to Jonathan and Lettie Clinton, who were natives of Ireland. Jonathan immigrated from his native country to the United States in the year 1808, locating for a time in Pennsylvania, thence moving to Kentucky, thence to Ohio, thence, in 1832, removing to Vanderburg County, Ind. In 1838 he came to Warrick County, where he died January 31, 1854. John Clinton was raised and educated by his parents, and June 8, 1854, wedded Martha M. Simpson, by whom he is the father of six children, these yet living: Catharine F., Letitia Jane, America Ann, William G. and Mary S. The three oldest are married, their respective husbands being Alvin Powers, Herbert Morrison and T. C. Havill. Mr. Clinton is one of Hart Township's best farmers, as well as one of the county's most influential and respected citizens. He is the owner of 260 acres of land, a comfortable and happy home, and has been a life long Democrat in politics. Warrick County needs more of just such men to be the best in Indiana.

JOHN DAUB, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Vanderburg County, Ind., May 16, 1839, the youngest of four children born to Michael and Christina (Kisten) Daub, who were natives of Germany, from whence they removed to this country in 1827, making their home in Vanderburg County, Ind., until their respective deaths, which occurred in 1847 and 1863. John received only limited schooling advantages in youth, and at the age of twelve years began working on a farm to support his mother and sister. In 1857 he came to this county and continued working as a farm hand until the breaking out of the Rebellion. April 29, 1861, he was united in marriage with Artimecia Spilman, and the same year moved to Vanderburg County and engaged in farming on his own responsibility. He remained there ten years, then removed back to Warrick County and Hart Township, where he now owns a good farm of 127 acres, on which he resides in comfort and happiness. In politics Mr. Daub has been a life-long Democrat, and has served as Township Trustee with credit to himself and satisfaction of all concerned. He and wife have a family of ten children, only the following named now living: William C., Rhoda C., Harvey T., Metta C., Una D. and Julia.

JOHN ERNE, one of the well-to-do farmers of this township, is a native of Germany, his birth occurring September 16, 1827, and is one in a family of four children born to Fritz and Katharina (Kuhn) Erne. He received a good education in both German and French and at the age of eighteen years left the home of his boyhood, the land of his birth, and crossing the ocean came to the United States and for a time found employment in the city of Charleston, S. C. He then went to Evansville, Ind., and from there, eight months later, to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he worked at the carpenter's trade three years. He then returned to Evansville and June 1, 1856. was married to Julia Ann Schwerdlfeger, who has borne him four children, these three yet living: Valentine, Lisette (Mrs. F. Willinburg) and Josephina (Mrs. John Zimmerman). The one deceased is Frederick. August 16, 1862, Mr. Erne enlisted in Company B, Ninety-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was honorably discharged July 22, 1865. He was ever found at his post of duty, ready and willing to serve his adopted country even with his life. He was in the siege of Atlanta and with Sherman on his memorable march to the sea. Exposure in the service has made Mr. Erne a sufferer of rheumatism, which renders him incapable of active out-door pursuits. He owns a farm of seventyseven acres; is a member of the Masonic fraternity and is Junior Vice Commander of the G. A. R. at Lynnville.

WILLIAM D. FERGUSON, a prosperous farmer of this township and a descendant of one of Warrick County's pioneer families, was born October 6, 1833, one of six children born to John and Elizabeth (Hopkins) Ferguson. The year after Indiana was made a State—1817—John Ferguson moved from Ohio to Gibson County, where he made his home until 1820, when he removed to Warrick County, where he participated in all the hardships incident to pioneer-life and where he died November 30, 1857. His widow is yet living aged sixty-nine years. William D. is a native of this county and has made it his home through life. Securing a fair education in youth he began for himself at twenty years old as collector for a man in North Madison, remaining with him four years and making several trips to Canada on horseback. March 4, 1858, Mary E. Miller became his wife and this lady with three of their children are dead, the following named yet living: Bernard and Pratt. In 1861 Mr. Ferguson volunteered in his country's cause, but was rejected by reason of defective eyesight. He has farmed to a considerable extent and by industry has secured 300 acres of excellent land, under which is some of the best coal in Indiana. He is an enterprising and esteemed citizen, a Democrat and a Free Mason. For a long time he has served as Justice of the Peace, and for the past eight years as Notary Public. June 7, 1883, he wedded Minnie Tremor, his present wife, who was a native of Germany.

E. C. FUQUAY, a native of the township and county in which he now resides and one of its prominent farmers, was born September 20, 1846, and is one in a family of five children born to the marriage of John Fuquay and Calista Castle, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and New York. In the year 1820 John Fuquay located within the present borders of Hart Township and here made his home on the same farm he entered, until his death in April, 1876. His widow still survives him and resides on the old homestead. The subject of this sketch received his education from the common schools of his day, was raised on the home farm by his parents and December 24, 1867, married Louisa Hawkins, by whom he is the father of seven children, the following named yet living: Mary O, Eugene, Truman, Carl and Minnie E. Mr. Fuquay was out a short time in the service of his country during the late war as a member of Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment, of Indiana Infantry. Since the war he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits, now owning 200 acres of well-improved land underlaid with coal, which is one of the nicest farms in Hart Township. He is a Republican, a member of the I. O. O. F. and G. A. R. and an enterprising and respected citizen.

HENRY GORE, a native Hoosier, was born January 28,1841, in Gibson County, and is one in a family of twelve children born to the marriage of William Gore and Mary A. Gilbey. These parents were natives of England, immigrating to this country in about 1830, and to Warrick County, Ind., in about 1849. Henry was raised by his parents on a farm until of age, receiving a common school education. October 3, 1862, he was united in matrimony with Miss May Hall, and of the eleven children born to them the following named are yet living: Ida A., Sarah A., Delia A., Whynonia, S. C., Elma E., Henry E. and Leander T. Both parents are members of the Baptist Church of Lynnville. Mr. Gore is one of Hart Township's well-to-do farmers and himself and family are well known and respected citizens. He is a Democrat in his political views and is the owner of a good farm containing ninety-six acres.

JOSEPH B. GRAHAM, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Clinton County, Ohio, April 25, 1826. In July, 1847, he came to Indiana and located at Boonville, then a small village, where he remained a number of years working at his trade of wagon-making and during which time he also assisted in the erection of the county court house. In 1859 he moved to his farm in Hart Township, where he has ever since resided with the exception of three years while engaged in the drug trade at Lynnville. He owns a well improved farm of 160 acres under which is some of as fine coal as the State produces. For his wife he wedded Miss R. Stuckey, who came to this county from Ohio with her parents in 1837. Ten children have been born to them, these yet living: Robert M., Eugene. William, Douglas, Eli, Helen, Mary L., Rosa B. and Susan H. August 22, 1862, Mr. Graham enlisted in Company F, Ninety-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, but shortly after entering the service was compelled to enter the hospital on account of illness. By reason of protracted ill-health, he was honorably discharged June '15, 1863. Besides looking after his farming interests, Mr. Graham manufactures annually about one hundred barrels of sorgham molasses. He is one of the prominent men of the county, has held various positions of honor and trust and takes an active interest in all matters of a beneficial nature to his county.

JAMES HINMAN, one of the oldest and most esteemed of Warrick County's farmers, was born December 9, 1800, in Ohio County, Ky., being the eldest of the ten children of Samuel and Nancy (Hedges) Hinman, who were from New York and Maryland respectively. In the year 1814, two years before Indiana became a State, the family removed to what is now Warrick County, entering a half-section of land two miles south of the present site of Boonville. After a number of years they removed to the northwestern part of the county, in both places participating in all the hardships and inconveniences of pioneer life. The father, years after, made his home with a daughter in Pike County, where he died in December, 1861. He was twice married, his first wife dying in 1819, and his second wife, formerly Miss Hudson, preceding his death several years. James Hinman was reared to manhood in Warrick County, which has been the scene of his life's labors, in which hard work, frugality and enterprise have formed important factors. Life has been a success with him as he now owns an excellent farm of 230 acres, and what is far better, he has won hosts of warm and true friends and but few or no enemies. Mr. Hinman cast his first Presidential ballot for Gen. Jackson and believing good old-fashioned Democracy to be good enough for him, has steadily and faithfully been an advocate of the best principles of that party. February 15, 1821, he united with Mary Hudson in marriage and ten children blessed them, all living to be married, but four now dead. Although advanced in years, Mr. Hinman is hale and hearty, and takes an active part in the continued development of his place. His second wife is Mrs. Agnes (Wilson) Fuller.

THOMAS B. JONES, M. D., is a native of Spencer County, this State, his birth occurring November 28, 1841. He is one of five children born to Thompson M. and Nancy L. (Oskin) Jones, the former a native of Kentucky, from whence he removed to the county where our subject was born, when it was yet in its infancy. He died in July, 1856. Dr. Jones' youth and early manhood was passed on the farm, during the winter months of some-of the years attending country schools. October 9, 1861, he volunteered in his country's cause in Company C, Forty-second Regiment of Indiana Infantry, and on the company's organization was chosen Corporal. He was gradually advanced from that position, occupying all the higher offices of the company, excepting that of Second Lieutenant, until he was discharged as Captain, July 16, 1865. Not recounting the smaller engagements in which he was engaged, his military career can be briefly stated by saying he was a participant in the battles of Champion Hills, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, all the battles from Chattanooga to Atlanta, from Atlanta to the sea with Gen. Sherman, up through the Carolinas and finally to Washington, D. C. Returning from the war he studied medicine at Centerville until 1870, graduating the spring of that year from the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati. For a time he practiced his profession at Pleasantville in Pike County, but in March, 1873, removed to Lynnville, where he has since resided and where he has a select practice established. Dr. Jones is a Republican, a member of the Chapter in Masonrv and is also an Odd Fellow and a member of the G. A. R. April 25, 1872, he wedded Emma M. Zimmerman, by whom he is the father of three children named Alva C., Curran B. and Tilman M. Both he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

A. F. KATTERJOHN, born August 16,1858, is one in a family of eleven children born to Ernest and Katie E. (Hoelscher) Katterjohn, the former coming to this country from Germany in 1844 and marrying May 7, 1851, at Evansville, Ind. The subject of this biography was raised by his parents to manhood's estate, receiving in youth only such advantages for an education as the common schools afforded. In 1874 he went to Evansville, Ind., from Henderson County, Ky, where he remained a number of years thoroughly acquainting himself with all the details of the milling business, which he had decided as his vocation through life. In 188^ he removed to Lynnville, where he has ever since resided, and purchasing the only flouring mills of the place, has fully demonstrated to the surrounding community his ability to produce as good a quality of flour as that of any mill in the county. Mr. Katterjohn is a Republican in politics and one of the county's most prominent and successful young men. He was married October 19, 1884, to Mary A. Lynn, of this county.

JOSEPH D. KIRKPATRICK, deceased, was a native of Adams County, Ohio, his birth occurring November 26, 181 *\ He was the sixth in a family of fourteen children born to James and Annie (Schelp) Kirkpatrick, who settled near Vincennes in Knox County, this State, in 1837, where James Kirkpatrick died the fall of 1841. His widow died west of Lynnville in Gibson County the fall of 1846. Joseph D. Kirkpatrick was reared to manhood upon a farm, receiving such education as was afforded by the common schools of that early day. He did not come to the Hoosier State with his parents, but remained in Ohio learning the miller's trade. February 1, 1849, he wedded Mary Jane Gourley, a native of South Carolina, who came with her parents to Indiana at an early day, settling near Princeton, where both afterward died. To the marriage of our subject a family of seven children has been born, but of these only two are now living, named James R. and William, the former having married Mallie J. Ware, of Louisville, and the latter at present a student at college in Terre Haute. In 1854 Mr. Kirkpatrick became a resident of this State, living one year at Princeton, and the remainder of his life in Warrick County. He built the first brick business house in Lynnville, merchandised there a few years and was a member of the stock company that erected the Lynnville Flouring Mills, of which he was made manager and which he successfully operated fourteen years. After that he looked after his farming interests until his death in September, 1876. The chief features of Mr. Kirkpatrick's life was his integrity of character, enterprise and love for home. A man honored and respected for his moral worth, he had few enemies and many friends.

JOHN A. LYNN was born in Lynnville, Ind., December 7, 1846, one of three children born to Jonathan C. and Sarah Martha (French) Lynn. He is a grandson of John Lynn, who came to Warrick County, Ind., at a very early date, settling in Hart Township, and founding the town of Lynnville, where he was extensively engaged in merchandising about thirty years. He was also Postmaster of Lynnville a number of years, and was widely known and respected for his many excellent traits of character. He died May 8, 1866. Jonathan C. Lynn, his son and father of our subject, was married January 15, 1846, was associated with his father in merchandising several years, and died August 7, 1853. John A. Lynn received only the ordinary common school education, and alter the death of his father, lived with his grandfather until he, too, died. He then made his home with his grandmother, until his marriage with Miss Sarah J. Baldwin, which occurred May 8, 1866, when he engaged in farming. In 1869 he began merchandising, but in 1871 opened a livery stable, which he conducted two years. Succeeding that he was engaged in grist-milling until July, 1883, since when he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits, now owning a well improved farm of 160 acres. In politics he is a Democrat, and while he exerts considerable influence in his party, he emphatically declines all political preferment. He and -wife are among Hart Township's best citizens, and are the parents of six children, only three: Mary A., Ida E. and Effie, now living.

ELISHA PATRICK MADDEN, born in Butler County, Ky., October 8,1817, is one often children born to Elisha and Charlotte (Robinson) Madden, the former being a native ofMaryland and of Irish descent, and the latter a native of Delaware, and of Welsh-English extraction. In 1830 the family settled in Warrick County, Ind., residing in Hart Township until the respective deaths of our subject's parents. It was in this county E. P. Madden grew to manhood on the farm of his parents, receiving only a limited education. When twenty-one years old, he entered land in his own name, near the old homestead, which he improved, and on which he resided about eight years, when he bought the old home farm. In 1855 he purchased property where he now resides, and has since farmed successfully, now owning 328 acres of good land. He also here owns a small store from which he supplies the surrounding neighborhood with general merchandise. Mr. Madden is a Democrat, emphatically, having cast his first ballot for President Van Buren. Although a member of no church, he bears the universal reputation of an honest man, a good neighbor and an excellent citizen. In 1843 he wedded Nancy H. llinman, half sister of the old pioneer James Hinman, and two of their seven children—Rachel E. and Samuel J.—are yet living. September 1, 1855, the mother died, and November 29, 1855, he married Mrs. Mary (Bullivant) Stevens, and by her is the father of ten children, these eight yet living: William Francis, Joseph H., John Gunn, George A., Patrick Ellis, Moses Lycurgus, Sarah Ann and Charles. [graphic]

ELIHU H. MARTIN, Lynnville, was born in Gibson County, Ind., January 30,1834, one in a family of twelve children born to Henry and Mary (Kirkman) Martin, who were natives of North Carolina. The family settled in Princeton, Ind., when it was yet a very small village, Mr. Martin being the first shoe maker of the place. Elihu lived with his parents until of age, receiving only a common education. In 1855 he began blacksmithing in Lynnville, and continued in partnership until the fall of 1856, when he began alone, and for over twenty-five years conducted his trade extensively, and also dealt in fine stock. At the present writing he is engaged in hotel keeping and operating a livery stable, in both occupations doing the largest trade of the kind in town. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and in politics is a Republican. February 8, 1856, he was married to Miss M. A. Camp, an estimable lady, who bore him eight children, these yet living: John H., James W., Samuel L., Charles C. and Lillie A. The mother dying September 10, 1882, Mr. Martin married Mrs. America Thompson, widow of Capt. D. G. Thompson, April 10, 1884. Both Mr. and Mrs. Martin are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Lynnville.

ISAAC E. McSWANE, Sr., a native of Davidson County, Tenn., was born May 19, 1807, a son of John and Martha (Andrews) McSwane, who were the parents of six children, the third born being our subject. The father was a native of the Emerald Isle, but came to this country with his parents when but a boy. He married in Georgia, and died in 1815 in Tennessee, followed by his widow in 1845, also in the same State. Isaac E. was raised on a farm to manhood, securing only a common schooling in youth, which has been bettered considerably in later years by desultory readings. When twenty years old he came to the Hoosier State, and in 1828 began teaching school in Warrick County, which he continued two terms. When it is remembered that his experience as a pedagogue in this county took place over half a century ago, oue cannot but wonder what the methods of teaching were in those primitive days compared with the present admirable system. In 1830 b.e purchased his first land in the county, and in clearing and improving \t experienced numerous hardships and privations the present generation can scarcely realize. By industry and frugality he has secured a fine tract ofland contaiaing a total of 800 acres, although it is in different portions of the county. Mr. McSwane has lost two wives by death, and is now living with his third wife, who was formerly Miss Elvira Foster. His first wife, Mary Ann (Taylor) McSwane, bore him three children : John D., Andrew J. and Martha J. Elizabeth Hopkins became his second wife, and by him the mother of eight children, these yet living: William C., Mary A., Sarah E., Isaac E., Indiana and Sylvester F. Mr. McSwane is a Democrat, a first-class citizen, and a man respected by an extended circle of acquaintances.

ROBERT C. Mc WILLIAMS, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in South Carolina August 17, 1820, and is one of eleven children born to David and Margaret McWilliams, who settled in Gibson County, Ind., in 1837. Robert began doing for himself at the age of twenty-one years, and in 1850 began carding wool, which he continued nine years with profit. In 1859 he helped erect the Lynnville Flouring Mill, and after its completion operated the same one year, then embarked in mercantile pursuits. In 1864 he purchased his present place, which consists of 380 acres, and here he has a comfortable and happy home. August 8, 1850, he was united in marriage with Mary G. Wilson, who died November 1, 1859, as have also the six children born to their union. March 20, 1860, he wedded Mary Wilson, by whom he is the father of eleven children, the following named yet living : James P., Thomas J., Lewis, Sarah E., Lee, Lucy and Beecher. Mr. McWilliams is one of the county's best farmers and most respected citizens. He belongs to the Freemasons, and as a Democrat in politics has served as Township Trustee several terms with credit.

DR. THOMAS J. McCOY, physician at Eby, is a native Hoosier, born in Grass Township, Spencer County, April 13, 1835. He is the third in a family of ten children born to William and Fannie (Hall) McCoy, who were among the prominent early settlers of Spencer County. The father was a native of this county, and was raised in Anderson Township, on the Ohio River. When of age he entered land in the township where our subject was born, where he resided the remainder of his life, his death occurring July 6, 1869, followed by his widow in April, 1879. Thomas J. McCoy was raised on the farm of his parents in Spencer County, and in youth and early manhood secured a good practical education. On attaining his majority he left home and worked on a farm in a neighboring township for a year, then returned and read medicine under the direction of the principal physician of that locality. In 1864 he attended the Ohio Medical Institute at Cincinnati, and then located at Yankeetown, in this county, where he practiced his profession until 1870, when he located at Eby, which has since been his home. Dr. McCoy is. a Democrat, and a member of the Masonic brotherhood. April 28, 1869, he wedded Carrie Dial, of this county, and two children—Mabel D. and S. Clifford—have blessed their union. Dr. McCoy is also the father of a son by a former marriage. Mrs. McCoy belongs to the Congregational Church.

PETER MYERS, a native of Cumberland County, Penn., was born October 20, 1825, and is one of six children born to David and Susan Myers. He was raised by his parents until the age of fifteen years, during which time he attended school sufficiently to enable him to read, write and solve ordinary problems in arithmetic. In 1851 he came to Gibson County, Ind., and for a short time was employed on the Wabash Canal, but in July of the same year helped build the Baptist Church of Lynnville. In 1852 he helped build the Rigney Mill, on Lost River, and in 1853, up to July, was engaged in house carpentering in Winslow. He then returned to Lynnville, where he remained until August 10, 1862, when he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-fifth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, and with his company was an active participant in the battles of Atlanta, Nashville and Wilmington, besides numerous lesser engagements. He was honorably discharged June 22, 1865. Mr. Myers is at present engaged in undertaking and house carpentering, and doing a creditable business. He is a Republican in politics and the Quartermaster of the C A. R. at Lynnville.

L. D. PARKER, one of Hart Township's best farmers, was born May 13, 1809, in Hopkins County, Ky., and was the only issue to the marriage of Thomas Parker and Nancy Stanton, who are also natives of Hopkins County. In a very early day the family braved the perils of frontier life in Indiana Territory by moving to Gibson County, and from there, in 1815, removed to this county, and since the age of six years our subject has made this his home. His early life was passed in hard work upon the farm, and from the time he was old enough to be of use he received no schooling. He began life a poor boy and by economy and industry has secured a competence. At one time he owned valuable tracts of land, but with the exception of thirty-two acres where he now lives he has sold the entire amount. He was united in marriage with Elizabeth Ferguson April 10, 1829, and to their union a family of fourteen children have been born, all of whom are living but four. The most of those living are married, and like their parents are among the best citizens of their respective localities. Mr. and Mrs. Parker have now been married about forty-six years, and during this long time have lived happily together moral, upright lives; now being members of the Regular Baptist Church.

ALVTN L. POWERS, merchant at Lynnville, and the present Trustee of Hart Township, was born in Warrick County, Ind., June 12, 1853, the eldest of three children born to Jackson and Margaret (Skaggs) Powers. He received a good common school education in youth, remaining with his parents until twenty years of age, and July 3, 1873, wedded Julia Ann Wilson, who died February 15, 1876. Two children bom to them are also dead. Mr. Powers farmed after his marriage, but previous to this began teaching school' when only seventeen years old. Possessing natural qualifications for the teacher's profession he has followed that to a greater or less extent until within the past year. In 1884 he was elected Township Trustee, now holding that position, and besides is associated with his brother at Lynnville in merchandising, and is doing a creditable business. May 12, 1880, he was united in marriage with Catharine F. Clinton, by whom he is the father of two children, only Carl yet living. Mr. Powers began life a poor boy, and although not wealthy in a financial view, he has secured a comfortable amount of this world's goods through his own exertions. Farming, teaching, trading and merchandising have been his principal occupations through life.

MILES RICE, one of the early settlers of this township, was born in Warren County, Ky., September 18, 1812. He is a son of Joseph and Frances (Broadwell) Rice, who were the parents of three children, the second born being the subject of this biography. The father was a native of Tennessee, moved to Kentucky with his parents when a lad, and then went to Washington County, Ind., shortly after it was organized, then to Crawford County, and from there, in 1828, came to this county, engaging in agricultural pursuits until his death, March 16,1845. His widow died September 7, 1878. Miles Rice was reared a hardworking farmer boy, receiving only a limited education in youth. . On the death of his father he came into possession of the old homestead, which has been his home to the present time. May 15, 1845, he was united in matrimony with Lydia Dawson, a native of Pennsylvania, and eleven children were born to their union, only the following yet living : Sarah Ann, Mary Frances, J. Union, Tilman L., Susan S. and Lorinda. In politics Mr. Rice is a Democrat. Although a member of no religious organization, he is a warm friend of Christianity and an honored and esteemed citizen of the community in which he resides.

THEODORE J. SHRODE, Principal of the high school at Lynnville, was born in the township and county where he now lives, December 10, 1858, the oldest of five children, all living, born to the marriage of Francis M. Shrode and Mary Taylor. Francis Shrode, father of Francis M., was born of German-Irish parents in Pennsylvania in 1789, and moved to Indiana in about 1816. Francis M. was born in this township June 13, 1835, the twelfth of a family of fourteen children. He died March 29, 1876. His widow was born June 28, 1828, in this county, daughter of Mark and Catharine Taylor, and is yet living. Her father, Mark Taylor, was born August 27, 1806, on Clear Creek, near Princeton, Ind., and was the first white child born between there and the Ohio River. He married in Kentucky, but the greater part of his life has been passed in Indiana. John Taylor, his father, was a soldier for seven years in the Revolutionary war, while John's brother was a " sermon reader" in the British Army, and a sworn enemy. After the war John settled in North Carolina, but in 1804 walked through Kentucky working at the tinker's trade. In 1805 he settled in Indiana Territory, dying in 1834. The characteristic features of the lives of our subject's ancestors were industry, patriotism, longevity and morality. Theodore J. is one of Warrick County's promising young men. He was left fatherless when eighteen years old, with a debt of $300 on the home of his mother, brothers and sisters. With commendable energy this he paid off, and by the time he attained majority he was sufficiently qualified to teach school. Possessing pride, he has continued storing his mind with useful and valuable material, until he now ranks among the best educators of the county.

JOSHUA STEPHENS is a native of the township and county in which he yet resides, his birth taking place May 18, 1844. His parents, Joshua and Mary (Borrow) Stephens, immigrated to Warrick County in the year 1822, and were the parents of eleven children. The subject of this notice was reared and educated in the common schools of his native county. In answer to the President's call for 300,000 men, he volunteered his services August 16, 1862, and was made a member of Company B, Ninety-first Indiana Infantry. He was an active participant in the battles of Nashville, Lost Mountain, Marietta, Peach Tree Creek, Snake Creek Gap, Atlanta, the campaign through the Carolinas, and was finally mustered out June 26, 1865, at Salisbury, N. C. Returning home he engaged in farming, and November 15, 1866, was wedded to Miss M. L. Camp, who has borne him a family of twelve children, of whom the fallowing eight are yet living: Nancy E., Mary M., Lucinda M., George L., Inda C., James J., John D., and Asa M. The mother died July 11, 1884, having lived a consistent Christian life. Mr. Stephens is a Democrat, a member of the Baptist Church, the owner of a good farm of sixty acres, and an enterprising and respected citizen.

CAPT. DANIEL G. THOMPSON (deceased) was born May 13, 1830, in Warren County, Tenn., a son of Richard and Sarah (McGuire) Thompson, who were natives of Kentucky, from whence they moved to Indiana in 1835, locating in Greer Township, Warrick County. At the age of eight years our subject began life's battle on his own responsibility as a farm boy, but in 1843 went to Rockport to learn the saddler's trade. Three years he continued at that, then farmed three years, and from that time until the war broke out worked at carpentering. He enlisted in September, 1862, and on the organization of Company K, Forty-second Indiana Regiment, was elected Captain of his company, a position he retained until his discharge, in December, 1863, by reason of ill-health. He engaged in farming and merchandising until his death, in August, 1882, an event of sad remembrance to the citizens of Lynnville and vicinity. He was married October 27, 1852, to America Clinton, by whom he became the father of nine children, the following named yet living.; Sarah Belle, Mrs. W. E. Willis; George E., who married Mattie Ferguson ; Gertie and Hattie.

REES YOUNG, a prominent citizen of Hart Township, was bora near Chillicothe, Ohio, November 27, 1822, the fifth in a family of six children born to the marriage of Samuel Young and Sarah Violet. When our subject was a baby his parents settled permanently in Clermont County, where the father engaged in coopering and farming until his death, about the year 1830. About this time Rees went to live with a neighbor, continuing with him until his sixteenth year, when he made his home with a brother-in-law until twenty years old. He was raised to hard labor on the farm, and only secured a limited education. After he attained majority he learned the cooper's trade, which together with farming was his occupation until the spring of 1855, when he came to Warrick County, Ind., which has since been his home. He has tanned and worked at the cooper's trade here with reasonable success, and is the present owner of a valuable residence and other property. October 14, 1846, he united in marriage with Miss Catharine Dailey, of Ohio, and nine children have been born to their union, these yet living: Sarah R., the wife of J. U. Rice; James William, Charles M., Rees A. and Ulysses G. In 1862 Mr. Young responded to his country's call, and from that time until the close of the war bravely defended his country's honor in Company E, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, participating in numerous hard fought and hotly contested battles, and in some of the principal campaigns of the Rebellion, prominent among them being that against Atlanta. He is a stanch Republican, and for over forty years he and wife have been members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JAMES M. ZIMMERMAN, one of Lynnville's best and most reliable merchants, is one in a family of six children born to the marriage to Daniel Zimmerman and Letitia Clinton. His father immigrated from outh Carolina to Gibson County, this State, at a very early day, and from there removed to Lynnville, this county, in about 1839 or 1840, where he married our subject's mother, she being a native of Warrick County. Previous to this time Mr. Zimmerman had been once married, and was also married after his second wife's death. Here they resided within the county's border many years, and by upright and courteous conduct won the esteem of a wide circle of friends. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Zimmerman died September 3, 1862. Mr. Zimmerman was three times married, and died February 16, 1884. James M. Zimmerman was born March 28, 1848, and in youth secured a good common school education, which he afterward completed by a thorough course at the Evansville Commercial College. March 31, 1870, he wedded Pernina Fowler, and to their union five children were born, only the following named now living: Charles M., Adolphus and Ralph. During life Mr. Zimmerman has turned his attention almost exclusively to mercantile pursuits, at which he is at present engaged. He began, after leaving college, as a partner in his father's store, but is now transacting business alone. He is a Republican, a Mason of the Royal Arch degree and an Odd Fellow. Mrs. Zimmerman belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CAMPBELL TOWNSHIP.

JOHN S. ATWOOD, a native of the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, and ene of Millersburg's best citizens, was born on the 8th day of February, 1849. He is the fourth son in a family of seven children born to the marriage of Abel Atwood and Mary Smith, who are natives of Vermont and Ohio, respectively. These parents were wedded in the Buckeye State, and from there moved to Spencer County, Ind., in 1866, where Mr. Atwood afterward died. Mrs. Atwood survives her husband, and now makes her home with the subject of this sketch. John S. Atwood received a good common school education in youth, and from his twentysecond year to 1883 was principally engaged in school teaching. February 11, 1883, he was united in marriage with Miss Anna Emmick, daughter of Arthur and Sarah J. (Lloyd) Emmick, and one child (E. B., born March 25, 1884,) has blessed them. Mr. Atwood is a Democrat in politics, and by his courteous ways and readiness to oblige has won a large amount of patronage in the dry goods and grocery trade, in which he is at present engaged.

THOMAS BECKWITH, a native of the township and county in which he yet resides, was born October 20, 1840, and is a son of William and Catharine (Kimmel) Beckwith, who were parents of these children : Martha, Joseph, Mary A., John, Thomas, Catharine, William, Larkin, Caroline, Eli and Sarah. The parents were natives of the Hoosier State, of German descent, and were among the early pioneers of Warrick County. Thomas Beckwith is one of the county's self-made men, as he began life's battle with little or no means at his command, and by economy, hard work, and with the assistance of his wife, who has bravely assisted in bearing the burden of work and economy, has secured a good home and a well-improved farm of 120 acres. August 9, 1863, he was united in marriage with Miss Charlotte E. Stubbs, who was born June 14, 1847, daughter of Robert and Mary (Carter) Stubbs, natives of Kentucky and England, respectively. This union has been fruitful, and two children have blessed them, named Sarah E. and Mary E., the former being a wife. Mr. Beckwith is a Democrat in politics, and an esteemed citizen of the county.

WILLIAM BETHE, a prominent citizen and farmer of Campbell Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born in the Dukedom of Brunswick, Germany, December 24, 1837. He came with his parents, Ferdinand and Wilhelmina (Keppei) Bethe, to this country, landing at New Orleans in December, 1846, and shortly after removed to Indiana. The father died February 5, 1855, but the mother still survives him, at the advanced age of seventy years. William Bethe received such education as the schools of his native country afforded, and aftar reaching manhood acquired a knowledge of reading and writing in English, by private instructions. April 21, 1864, he was married to Louisa Bleckman, who was born July 24, 1841, a daughter of Henry and Wilhelmina (Holtz) Bleckman. Mr. Bethe is a Democrat in politics, and he and wife are members of the Evangelical Church. He is a successful farmer ; owns 122 acres of finely improved land ; was one of the first in the township to lay tiling through his farm, and at present has about 1,400 rods. Mr. Bethe takes an active interest in all church and educational affairs, and is one of the enterprising and trustworthy citizens of Warrick County.

WILLIAM BOOS, one of the prominent and successful farmers of Warrick County, is a native of Baden, Germany, his birth occurring February 25, 1842. At the age of two years his parents, John and Catharine (Iker) Boos, immigrated with him to the United States, and coming to Campbell Township engaged in agricultural pursuits. Here the father died December 24, 1881, but his widow still survives him and resides on the old homestead. William Boos received his entire education in this country, and until he began life on his own responsibility made his home with his parents. In August, 1861, when treason threatened the downfall of the Republic, he volunteered in the preservation of his adopted country, remaining in active service in Company C, Twenty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Regiment, until he was honorably discharged at Chattanooga, Tenn., in September, 1864. His occupation has been farming and stockraising almost exclusively, and he is the owner of 140 acres of nicely improved property. In politics he is a Republican. January 16, 1876, he wedded Elizabeth Frances Knapp, who was born June 12, 1854, a daughter of William D. and Margaret Ann (Howsley) Knapp. Six children have been born to them, as follows: Sarah E., John W., Margaret C, Lucy J., and two that died in infancy unnamed.

REV. C. J. CONRAD, rector of St. John's Roman Catholic Church at Welte, was born in Nashville, Tenn., November 19, 1855. To his parents, Bernard and Seholastica (Keller) Conrad, a family of five children were born, whose names are Joseph (deceased), Clement J., Francis, Mary and Charles (deceased). These parents were natives respectively of Baden and Hesse-Darmstadt, in Germany, and immigrated separately to this country and were married at the birth-place of our subject. They now reside at North Madison, Ind., where Mr. Conrad is employed as a mechanic. Father Conrad received every advantage for an education in youth that was furnished by the Catholic schools, and at the «ge of fourteen years entered St. Joseph's College at Bardstown, Ky., completing the classical course of that institution. He completed the philosophical course at St. Joseph's Seminary, Indianapolis, and the theological course at St. Meinrad's Abbey, in Spencer County, this State, completing the entire course in nine years. After receiving the lower orders in the church ho was ordained a priest by the Rt. Rev. Francis S. Chatard, Bishop of Vincennes, on the 22d of September, 1878, and October 13 of the same year took charge of St. John's parish and the missions therewith. Beginning under adverse circumstances with debts overshadowing his charges, he has proven superior to the occasion. Besides liquidating all out-standing claims he has erected St. Clement's Church at Boonville, and established the parochial school at St. John's. Father Conrad is admired and respected by Protestants and Catholics alike.

PETER FREUDENBERGER, a native of Bavaria, Germany, and one of the leading and substantial farmers of Campbell Township, was born on the 17th day of February, 1837. He is the youngest in a family of seven children born to Andrew and Mary (Shafer) Freudenberger, who were also natives of Germany, where they lived and died In May. 1860, Peter, the subject of this sketch, concluded that the United States with its free institutions was the place where a poor man should live, and where he could bring up his family properly, and accordingly came to this country with his young wife, and although they began life poor they have by diligence secured a good home. Mr. Freudenberger is the owner of a good farm of 179 acres; is a Democrat in politics, and he and wife belong to the German Lutheran Church. He was married in his native country March 18, 1860, to Caroline Albert, daughter of Mathew and Catharine (Kriegbaum) Albert, and by her is the father of five children: Elizabeth, John W., Philip, Mary C. and Caroline M. Mr. Freudenberger and his brother Adam, who came to this country and settled near Millersburg in 1856, and who died two years later, are the only members of their family that ever came to America.

JAMES H. GRAY, the leading merchant of Millersburg, was born January 19, 1839, in Monroe County, Ind.. and is the fourth son in a family of fourteen children born to Andrew and Nancy (Bass) Gray, who were natives of Kentucky, where they were also married. They moved to Monroe County, Ind., at an early day, thence to Brown County, where they yet reside engaged in agricultural pursuits. Both are members of long standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church. James H. remained with his parents until twenty-two years of age,receiving in youth a good common school education. When twenty years old he began teaching public school, which he continued a number of terms. August 11,1862,he became a private in Company K, Sixty-fifth Regiment of Indiana Infantry, and remained faithfully at his post of duty until he was honorably discharged at the close of the war. Returning to Indiana he was given the rectorship of the Leavenworth Circuit, Indiana Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church forone year as local minister and from that time to the present writing has been a local exhorter of his faith. September 26, 1861, he wedded Miss

5. M. Barnett, daughter of Rev. O. A. and J. A. (Worthington) Barnett, and two children have blessed them, named Cora A. (deceased) and Josie L. Mrs. Gray was born July 16,1845. Mr. Gray is a Republican, an Odd Fellow and one of Warrick County's best citizens.

CHRISTOPHER HAMMAN was born in Bavaria, Germany,inSeptember,1815,and at the age of sixteen years immigrated with his parents, Daniel and Barbara (Suiter) Hani man, to the United States. They settled in Pennsylvania, where the parents continued to reside until their respective deaths. Christopher received a fair education in his native country and on attaining his majority removed to Indiana, making his home in Campbell Township, Warrick County. He worked for a time on the canal, but afterward bought some land and engaged in agricultural pursuits, which he has since continued. He began life's battle with but $5 to his name, but industry and economy have brought about their legitimate reward, and a farm of 183 acres and a good home are now owned by him. Besides this property he has given 200 acres to his two living sons. He is a Republican and he and wife belong to the Christian Church. April 29, 1841, he wedded Rachel Keith, who was born March 26, 1822, a daughter of Jesse and Elizabeth Keith, and to them six children have been born, named, Jesse, John, Daniel, Nancy J., William and Philip.

CONSTANTINE HEIM, a well-to-do farmer, was born in the Duchy of Meiningen, Germany, February 25, 1837, and is the eldest son in a family of five children, four of whom are yet living, born to Christian M. and Sophia (Schumann) Heim, who were also natives of the old country. In 1853 the entire family immigrated to the United States and coming direct to Warrick County, Ind., engaged in farming. The father was born August 6, 1788, and died April 7, 1876. The mother is yet living at an advanced age, respected by all who know her. The subject of this sketch received an academic education in his native country and January 6, 1859, was united in marriage with Miss Minerva Lockyear, who was born March 20, 1839, a daughter of John and Jane (McDonald) Lockyear. Ten children were born to this marriage, named Louisa, Edward John A., Mary A., Harmon M., Emma A., Anna, Jane (deceased), Elizabeth (deceased), and Theresa (deceased). The mother dying March 21, 1874, Mr. Heim was married October 25, 1884, to Miss R. F. Herston, who was born October 23, 1852, daughter of William and Mary (Philips) Herston. Mr. Heim is a prosperous farmer, owning a farm of 160 acres, is a Republican in politics and a member of the brotherhood of Masons. His present as well as did his first wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

ADOLPH W. HEIM, one of the prominent German farmers of Campbell Township, was born June 12, 1839, in the Duchy of Meiningen, Germany, and is one of the following-named children in a family of five born to Christian M. and Sophia (Schumann) Heim, appropriate mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume: Constantine, Adolph W., Therese C. and Marie. In 1853 Adolph W. came with his parents to this country, having previously received a good education in his native country. He also attended select school in this country sufficient to qualify him for the teacher's profession, which occupation he has followed many terms with unusual success. He makes farming and stockraising his principal employment, and by industry and good management has secured a valuable farm comprising 260 acres of fertile land. As a Republican in politics he has been honored by the people of his township by two elections to the office of Trustee, serving both terms with satisfaction to all concerned. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the Evangelical Lutheran Church. February 19, 1863, he was united in marriage with Miss Letitia Lockyear, who was born December 6, 1844, a daughter of Christopher and Emily (Webb) Lockyear, and to their union these children were born: Alvin L., Franklin C., Amelia H. (deceased), Rosa L., Oscar R., William R. and a son unnamed.

WILLIAM HENN, a native of the township and county in which he yet resides, was born May 5, 1851, the youngest in a family of five children—Catharine, Christina, Elizabeth, Daniel and William—born to Daniel and Susan (Fink) Henn, who were natives of Germany. At an early day the family immigrated to this country, and for a time resided in Vanderburg County, Ind., but later removed to Campbell Township, this county, where both parents afterward died. William Henn was raised by his parents on the home farm, receiving such education as was commonly afforded, and continued making their home his until their respective deaths. October 24, 1875, he was united in marriage with Miss Sophia Smith, who was born November 10, 1853, a daughter of Joseph and Dora Smith, and by her is the father of three children, named Minnie K., Laura L. and Mary D. Mr. Henn is one of Campbell Township's intelligent and enterprising farmers; is the owner of eighty acres of good land; is a Democrat in politics and is the present Road Supervisor of his district.

WILLIAM A. JARRETT, a native of Rowan County, N. C., was born June 29, 1837, the oldest son in a family of seven children now living born to John W. and Margaret M. (Rough) Jarrett, who were natives respectively of Virginia and North Carolina. These parents were married in the latter State August 11, 1836, and in 1842 removed to Warrick County, Ind., settling in Campbell Township. From the age of five years William A. was raised in this township, receiving only the ordinary advantages of that day. December 27, 1860, he wedded Miss Mary Ann Elizabeth McSwane, daughter of Isaac E. and Elizabeth (Hopkins) McSwane, and by her is the father of eight children : Charles A., Margaret R., Elizabeth H., Sarah R., Mary E., Isaac E., Phebe Q. and Wilda E. Mr. Jarrett is one of the wide-awake and enterprising farmers of this township, and is the owner of 150 acres of well-improved land. In every sense of the word he is self-made, as he began life poor, and is now comfortably situated, a result attained through his own exertions. He is an Odd Fellow, a Democrat, and one of Warrick County's best citizens. His wife was born March 5, 1842. His father was born August 2, 1813, and died April 1, 1882. His mother was born June 4, 1814, is yet living, and as was her husband is a member of the Christian Church.

MILAN KETCHAM, a native of Ashtabula County, Ohio, was born February 15,1837, and is one of the following named children born to the marriage of Foster Ketcham and Mariam Warner: Orson, LaFayette, Catharine, Carlton, Milan and Helen J. The parents were both natives of New York State, their respective births occurring June 10, 1798, and September 9, 1800. They were married in their native State, July 17,1825. In 1841 the family settled in Campbell Township, Warrick Township, Ind., and engaged in farming. Mr. Ketcham is yet living, an esteemed citizen, but his wife, a member of long standing in the Missionary Baptist Church, died January 27, 1876. Milan Ketcham, well and favorably known as one of the best farmers and citizens of this county, was largely reared in this State and county, where he also received a fair education from the common schools. He yet resides on the old homestead, which consists of ninety four acres, and owns a farm of 226 acres. In politics he is a Republican, and is a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity. He was married November 14, 1861, to Sarah, daughter of Squire and Eliza (Jenkins) Harper, and by her is the father of eight children, as follows: Levi W., Ransom E., May A., Charles E., Sanford L., Melvina, Eliza M. and one that died in infancy unnamed. Of the above only five are now living. The parents are members of the Missionary Baptist Church.

GEORGE LOCKYEAR, a prominent citizen and farmer of Campbell Township, was born in Vanderburg County, Ind., December 16, 1824, the third in a family of eight children born to the marriage of Christopher Lockyear and Letitia Porter, who were natives of England. They immigrated to the United States in 1818, settling in Vanderburg County, Ind., where Mr. Lockyear engaged in farming and blacksmithing until his death in 1832, occasioned by cholera. His widow afterward moved to this county, where she died in 1869. George Lockyear made his home with his mother and step-father until attaining his majority, receiving in youth such education' as the common schools afforded. April 6, 1848, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Iglehart, who was born August 11, 1824, and died December 17, 1862. Of the four children born to their union one son—George G.—is yet living. Mr. Lockyear was married April 14,1870, to his present wife, who was formerly Miss Barbara Hilliard, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was also his first wife. He is a Republican, a progressive and intelligentcitizen and the owner of a farm containing eighty acres of good land.

D. L. MILLER, a native of Ohio County, Ky., was born November 19, 1825, and the fall of 1832 came with his parents to Warrick County, Ind. Jesse B. Miller, his father, was born in West Virginia May 18,1800, and was married to Janet Iglehart, who was born in the year 1804 in Maryland. The respective deaths of these parents occurred in 1884 and about 1841. David L. Miller, subject of this sketch, received his youthful education in the old fashioned log schoolhouse of that day and until the age of twenty-two made his home with his parents. Miss Vashti Ann Boyd, daughter of Alfred and Eleanor (Condict) Boyd, became his wife and nine children were born to them as follows: Alfred B. (deceased), Albert L., Francis M. (deceased), Janet, W. L., Elvin E., Jesse B., Orissa E. and Minnie Lee. Mr. Miller has steadily followed farming as an occupation and by good management and hard work has become the owner of 274 acres of fertile land and also twenty-one lots in Millersburg and ten acres adjoining the town. He has always acted in harmony with the Democratic party, and from 1861 to 1866 served as Trustee of Campbell Township, and has also represented his party in State Conventions. His wife was born December 20, 1827.

JOSEPH B. MITCHEM, a substantial and enterprising farmer, is a native of Cambridgeshire. England, his birth occurring December 16, 1843. His father, Joseph Mitchem, first came to the United States in 1849, remaining about nine months, when he returned to his native land and in December, 1851, in company with his wife, who was formerly Miss Ann Barns, and family removed to this country. Both parents are yet living and are among the leading citizens of Campbell Township. Joseph B. was reared to manhood by his parents, securing a fair education from the common schools. Following the example set by his father he chose farming as his occupation in life and is now the fortunate possessor of 100 acres of Campbell Township's best land. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and is a Republican in politics, having been elected Justice of the Peace in 1882, a position he has since retained. December 25, 1864, Miss Hattie Webb became his wife and to their union five children were born, named Olive M., Flora L., Ruth A., William H., and an infant deceased. The mother dying October 15, 1873, Mr. Mitchem married his second and present wife, Miss Mary F. Webb, August 26, 1874, by whom he is the father of three children, named Stella H., Sabin B. and an infant deceased. The parents belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JACOB SCHICK, one of the many excellent farmers of Campbell Township, is a native of Pennsylvania, his birth occurring June 25, 1848. He is the second son in a family of six children born to the marriage of John H. Schick and Maria Barn, who were natives of Germany. They were wedded in the Keystone State and in the year 1861 removed to Warrick County, Ind., where they engaged in agricultural pursuits. Jacob did not receive the liberal advantages in youth that are usually bestowed upon the young, but instead was kept at hard work that he might help in the care of the family. August 25, 1872, he was united in matrimony with Phebe, daughter of Michael and Christina (Smith) Smith, of Vanderburg County, lnd., and to their union four children have been born, named Christina M., Phebe V., and two that died in infancy unnamed. The mother is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Schick owns a good farm of ninety-five acres, is a Democrat in politics and a liberal, intelligent gentleman.

WILLIAM E. SCHOLZ, farmer and stock-raiser, is a native of Prussia, his birth occurring June 13, 1845. He is the oldest in a family of nine children, five of whom are yet living and in Campbell Township, this county, born to Gottlieb E. and Caroline (Bartel) Scholz, the former born June 19, 1818, and the latter March 14, 1821. In the year 1854 the family left their native country and crossing the Atlantic came to Indiana and for one year resided in Gibson County. They then located in Campbell Township, this county, where the father died September 18, 1867, his widow still surviving him. William E. was brought up on a farm to hard work and being the oldest in the family began very early to help care for the family, and in this manner was only able to secure a very limited education. He has always followed agricultural pursuits and now owns a good farm of sixty-three acres. He is a Republican in politics, a hard working and industrious farmer, and a man with many friends. January 21, 1877, he wedded Catharine Liinbach, who was born August 15,1852, a daughter of Casper and Catharine Limbach, by whom he is the father of four children: Frederick (deceased), Henry, Amy and Anna (deceased). The parents are members of the German Evangelical Church.

BARTHOLOMEW WOOD, a native of Campbell Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born May 31, 1850, the youngest of three children—Isaac, Mary (Mrs. Bethell), and Bartholomew—born to James and Elizabeth (Burton) Wood, who were also natives of this county, where they still reside. The subject of this sketch received a good common school education, and made his father's house his home until his marriage, August 31, 1872, with Miss Eliza E. Lewright, a daughter of B. S. and C. J. (Hargrave) Lewright, who were natives of Indiana. Mr. Wood is a farmer and stock-raiser by occupation, and owns ninety-one acres of good land, well improved with substantial buildings. He is a Democrat in politics, and takes considerable interest in local politics of his county as well as in all laudable enterprises. He is an energetic farmer and citizen, and is well respected by all who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Wood are free thinkers in religion, and the parents of five children, named Clara J., Letta E. (deceased), M. Estella, James M., and Isaac S.

SKELTON TOWNSHIP.

WILLIAM H. BONE, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born May 24,1837, the eldest of two children—William H. and John C.— born to John and Arty M. (Small) Bone, natives respectively of Kentucky and Indiana and of Scotch extraction. The father died at Helena, Ark., May 16, 1849, of cholera. The mother continued to live in Warrick County until her death, which occurred in 1866. They were both devout members of the United Baptist Church. William H. Bone was left, at the age of eleven, to do for himself, and by his own efforts acquired a good business education. Previous to his marriage he was employed as clerk in dry goods and general merchandising stores, except when he was teaching school in Pike County, this State. October 30,1859, he married Miss A. F. Burris, who was born December 23, 1841, a daughter of John and Susan (Lampton) Burris, and to them eight children were born, these four now living: John J., Susan M., Isham P. and Ida. Mrs. Bone died January 19, 1880, and for his second wife Mr. Bone married Miss Sarah Bell, and to this union two children have been born : Pearl (deceased) and Lillie L. Mr. Bone has been a dealer in leaf tobacco since 1856, handling an average of 300 hogsheads per annum, and has at various times been engaged in general merchandising. February 8,1864, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was honorably discharged by reason of disability at Louisville, Ky., August 1, 1865. Mr. Bone is a Democrat, and a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity.

P. P. CARLISLE is a native of Pike County, Ind., born February 8, 1838. He received but a limited education in youth, but later by his own efforts acquired a substantial business education. At the age of fourteen he commenced to learn the blacksmith trade at Selvin, where he worked two years, after which he clerked in a general store for about the same length of time. He then turned his attention entirely to farming and dealing in stock, making a specialty in handling mules. Mr. Carlisle made his first purchase of land in 1857 in Skelton Township, buying forty acres, and at different times has added to that until he now owns 444 acres of good land, 300 acres of which is well improved. He deals in tobacco quite extensively, and in 1884 harvested a crop far above the average. For his wife Mr. Carlisle wedded Ethelda E. Chappell, daughter of William P. and Teressa (Brinton) Chappell. He is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities, a Democrat in politics, has served the people as Justice of the Peace two terms and was elected County Commissioner the fall of 1880 and re-elected in 1882, which office he now holds. Mr. Carlisle is a member of the General Baptist and his wife of the Cumberland Presbyterian Churches.

JAMES H. DOUTHITT, native of Daviess County, Ky., was born December 3, 1832. He received a liberal education in youth, and August 4, 1862, enlisted in Company B, Eighth Kentucky Cavalry, serving until September, 1863, when he was honorably discharged. Soon after his return home, he was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal Church by the Louisville Quarterly Conference, and two years later was licensed as general minister of that faith. He was then transferred to the Illinois Conference, but by reason of failing health he returned to Daviess County, Ky., and served as local preacher until 1872, when he went to Kansas, and labored with Rev. W. B. Maxey in behalf of the Indians for two years, when he moved to Warrick County and purchased one-half interest in the De Gonia Springs, where he is now located. December 23, 1879, he married Mi*s Hannah M. Hurston, who was born December 3, 1850, and to this union two children have been born : John F. and Harvey N. Mr. Douthitt is a Mason of the Royal Arch degree, and a Democrat in politics.

JOHN F. ERWIN was born April 1, 1853, in the county where he now resides, the second son born to John and Mary J. (Carnahan) Erwin, who were natives of Tennessee and Alabama respectively. They were married in Warrick County, Ind., where they still reside honored and respected citizens. John F. was raised by his parents, receiving a good common school education. He taught in the Warrick County schools from 1875 until 1883, when he began the dry goods and grocery business in partnership with James T. Wallace, but in August, 1884, sold his interest and commenced reading medicine with Drs. Dailey and Watson, of Tennison, which he still continues. May 28, 1&75, Mr. Erwin was united in marriage with Miss Margaret E. Powers, daughter of George and Harriet (Day) Powers, and to them have been born these two children: Ida E. and Eva. Mrs. Erwin was born October 2^, 1856. Mr. Erwin owns a farm of eighty acres of good land well improved, and his dwelling and store property. He and wife are not church members, but are well respected by all who know them. Mr. Erwin in politics is a Democrat.

EZEKIEL FARMER is a native of the county where he now resides, born November 22, 1823, a son of William and Nancy (Bates) Farmer, natives of Virginia, where they were married, and from whence they came to Warrick County, Ind., at an early day. Ezekiel was left fatherless when but an infant, and at the age of fifteen years began doing for himself, receiving but a limited education. For his first wife he married Florinda J. Campbell, by whom he was the father of eight children. This lady dying in 1876, he married Mrs. Elizabeth M. (Chinn) Phillips, his present wife. Mr. Farmer makes farming a specialty, owning 340 acres of good land. He began life a poor boy, and by diligence and perseverance has acquired a substantial home and surroundings. He is a Democrat in politics, and his wife is a member of the Regular Baptist Church. They are among the leading and wealthy citizens of the county, respected by all who know them.

WILLIAM H. FARMER, a prominent citizen and farmer of Skelton Township, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of the township where he now resides, born November 25, 1844, the oldest son in a family of eight children born to Ezekiel and Florinda J. (Campbell) Farmer. He lived at home with his parents until March 9, 1865, when he married Miss Sarah L. Lankford. who was born December 6, 1845, daughter of William and Agnes (Phillips) Lankford, who were residents of Warrick County. Mr. and Mrs. Farmer are the parents of the following named family of children: Florinda A., Nancy J., William W. (deceased), Mary E. and Ira J. Mr. Farmer turns his attention principally to farming and owns 142 acres of well improved land. He and wife are independent in their religious views, belonging to no particular sect or denomination, and in politics he is a Democrat. For a more extended sketch of the Farmer family see the biography of Ezekiel Farmer, whose sketch precedes this.

GEORGE C. FARMER, a native of the township where he now resides, was born December 27, 1852, the fourth son in a family of eight children—William H., Martha J., John T., Ezekiel A., George C., Wesley W., Mary E. and Joseph E. (deceased)—born to Ezekiel and Florinda J. (Campbell) Farmer, who were old settlers of Warrick County, Ind. George C. received a fair education in youth, remaining at home on the farm until his marriage with Miss Nancy E. Wright, who was born January 17, 1862, a daughter of William H. and Melissa (Hesson) Wright. Mr. and Mrs. Farmer are the parents of four children, named John F., William E., Grover C. and Thomas H. Mr. Farmer makes farming and stock-raising a specialty, owning 107 acres of well improved land. He is a Democrat in politics, and one of Warrick County's worthy and respected citizens. He and wife are independent in their religious views, and are members of no religious organization. They represent the better families of the township.

JOSEPH H. GARRISON, a native of Spencer County, Ind., wns born October 5,1821, the second son in a family of thirteen children who lived to be grown, born to Isaac and Nancy (Tennison) Garrison, who were natives respectively of Ohio and Indiana. The father was born in 1797, and came to Warrick County, Ind., in 1809, where he died at the home of Joseph H. The mother's birth occurred in 1800, and her death on the old home farm in Spencer County. They were both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church over forty years. Joseph H. lived at home, assisting on the farm and receiving a good common school education, until his marriage May 29, 1840, with Miss Elizabeth M. Spradhng, a daughter of Rev. Jesse and Elizabeth (Taylor) Spradling. Mr. and Mrs. Garrison are the parents of twelve children: Nancy, William T., Harvey G., Emma, Mary, George B., Samuel, James N., John, Jesse R., Martha and Matilda. William T. was killed at the battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864. Mrs. Garrison was born January 2, 1823, and died October 10, 1884. Mr. Garrison served in the Home Guards and enlisted in Company D, Forty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry ; was discharged and sent home as recruiting officer for different regiments, and in December he re-enlisted as Sergeant in Company D, One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He has made farming his occupation through life until within the last year, and now has a general store in Tennison. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was his wife.

GEORGE T. JONES, merchant at Tennison, was born October 20, 1851, in the county where he now lives, the second in a family of four children—George T. and Laban M. living, and Melvin and Alvah M. deceased—born to Dennis C. and Tabitha (McCoy) Jones, both natives of Indiana. These parents were married in Spencer County, where they resided until the death of Mr. Jones, which occurred August 17, 1879, at which time he was the owner of a valuable farm of 338 acres. His widow yet resides on this place, and is esteemed by all who know her. They were both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and useful members of society. George T. received a good common school education in youth, and later attended the Commercial College at Evansville, afterward teaching for several months. June 10, 1877, his marriage with Miss Ida M. Chase was solemnized. She was a daughter of Orvis I. and Cordella (Day) Chase, who were natives respectively of Ohio and Indiana. These parents were married in Warrick County, where the father died January 10, 1882. His widow married John V. Edwards, of Boonville, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are the parents of three children : Celeste Adella, Elbert Livingston, and an infant unnamed, all deceased. Mrs. Jones was born September 26,1861, and joined the Methodist Episcopal Church when twelve years of age, her husband joining wheu but eleven. Mr. Jones embarked in general merchandising in April, 1881, and now carries a large stock of goods. He owns store and dwelling property, also 308 acres of well improved land in Spencer County.

LABAN M. JONES. M. D., was born in Spencer County, Ind., November 3, 1854, the third son in a family of four children born to Dennis C. and Tabitha (McCoy) Jones, both natives of Indiana. Laban M. received a good common school education in youth, remaining at home and assisting on the farm until his n ijo rity, when he entered the Evansville Commercial College, from which he graduated with honor. He then read medicine eighteen months with Dr. Travi9 G. Dailey, of Boonville, after which he took his preliminary course of lectures at the Evansville Medical College, and after reading one year with his old preceptor, entered the Physicians and Surgeons' School at Keokuk, Iowa, where he graduated in 1880. After graduating he practiced his profession with success one year in partnership with Dr. Allison Quiatt. He then purchased property and located in Tennison, Warrick Co., Ind., where he was the first practicing physician. He was the first Postmaster at Tennison, and in partnership with his brother, George T., opened a grocery and dry goods store for a time. In 1883 he was appointed depot and express agent, and erecting a large building used it for a depot and also now uses it for his warehouse of farming implements and building material. Dr. Jones was married May 29,1879, to Miss Mary A. Byers, daughter of Uriah and Elizabeth (Skelton) Byers, and this family of children have been born to them: Travis A., born April 1, 1880; Edwin E., May 14, 1882, and Cecil W., May 26, 1884. He is a Republican, and he and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

HENRY KELLEY, a native of the county where he now resides, was born February 28, 1830, the second son of William Isom and Eliia (Hargrave) Kelley. Henry was raised by his parents, and remained at home until his marriage, January 24, 1854, to Miss Mary Ann Ellison, daughter of John and Mary (Martin) Ellison, and to their union eleven children were born : Harriett E., Daman, Joseph W., Martin E., George C., Sarah, Susan, Rosa B., Stephen, and twins that died in infancy. The mother died November 24, 1876, a member of the General Baptist Church, of which Mr. Kelley is a member. He is a farmer by occupation, and by industry and economy has acquired 278 acres of good land with improvements. He is a Democrat in politics, and has served the people of his township as Clerk under the old school law; was Justice of the Peace eight years ; was elected County Commissioner and served one term, and has acted as President of the Agricultural Society, and represented the Democratic party in State and county conventions. Mr. Kelley is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is well respected throughout the county.

LEROY B. LEMMON, a native of Dubois County, Ind., was bor n October 24, 1852, the sixth in a family of seven children— acob P., Margaret (Mrs. Elijah Hobbs), Wilson F., Leroy B. and John P. living, and Webster and M. F. deceased—born to David and Mary (Flint) Lemmon. The father came to Dubois County when but a boy, married and raised his family in the same county, and he and wife were members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Leroy B. remained at home until the death of his father, his mother having died when he was young. He received a liberal education, and Januury 7, 1875, married Miss Fannie Z. Chappell, who was born January 10, 1855, a daughter of William and Teressa (Brenton) Chappell, and to them have been born four children : Ada B. (deceased), William D., Albert L. and Ethelda. Mr. Lemmon located in Skelton Township in the spring of 1883, and owns 160 acres of well improved land. He is a farmer and stock-raiser by occupation, and handles leaf tobacco of late. He has a large barn with a capacity of 500,000 pounds per annum. He is a Republican, a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and he and wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church.

G. W. POWERS is a native of the county where he now resides, born March 31, 1835, the oldest son in a family of ten children born to Isaac and Philena (Rice) Powers, who were natives of Kentucky. They came to Warrick County, Ind., when young, with their parents; were here married and raised their family. The mother, who was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, died October 30, 1858. The father is still living, in Warrick County, a member of the General Baptist Church. G. W. was raised on the farm, his father giving him a liberal education in the common and graded schools of the county, after which he taught several terms. April 27, 1856, his marriage with Miss Nancy J. Phillips was solemnized, and to them were born eight children : John F. (deceased), Mary P., Anna A. (deceased), Isaac M., William S., Abraham N., Sofrona J. and George T. Mrs. Powers died September 15, 1871, aged thirty-six years. For his second wife Mr. Powers married Miss Anna Thurman, April 9,1873, who died December 10 of that year. His present wife was Mi9s Nancy J. Sandage, whom he married March 18, 1875, and to them three children have been born : John A. (deceased), Huldah E. and Ettie L. Mr. and Mrs. Powers are of the Baptist faith. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., a Democrat, has served his township as a Justice of the Peace four years, and as Assessor the same length of time. He is a farmer and stock-raiser, owning 230 acres of good land.

A. QUIATT, a prominent physician and surgeon, was born August 29, 1842, in Union County. Ill., the second in a family of seven children born to John and D. M. (Payne) Quiatt, who were natives respectively of Louisiana and Tennessee. They were married in Union County, Ill., where they lived until their death. The father was a farmer by occupation, and was an honored and respected citizen. Allison remained at home until sixteen years of age. when his parents died, and he was left to do for himself. January 13, 1870, his marriage with Miss Susan J. Bilderback was solemnized, and to them have been born four children, these two now living: John G., born April 21, 1872, and Birdie M., born May 19, 1876. Mrs. Quiatt was born July 19, 1852, a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Turpen) Bilderback, of Lynnville, Warrick Co., Ind. Dr. Quiatt farms in connection with his practice, owning 140 acres of well improved land. He and wife are independent in their religious views.

WILLIAM C. SCIFRES was born in Hardin County, Ky., March 8, 1842, the youngest son in a family of nine children born to David E. and Permelia A. (Padgett) Scifres, natives of Kentucky, where they lived and died in the Missionary Baptist faith. William C. remained at home on the farm receiving a common school education, and in 1878 bought one-half interest in the De Gonia Springs, and two years later located there. October 15, 1874, he married Miss R. Chappell, who was born September 8, 1854, a daughter of R. W. and Harriett (Bivins) Chappell, and to them have been born the following named family: William I., Minnie M. (deceased), Robert E., Anna P. and Mamie O. Mr. Scifres has a large hotel for the accommodations of his guests, and will soon be prepared to receive 100 regular boarders. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., Masonic fraternity and a Democrat in politics.

JAMES SHELTON, a well-known farmer of Skelton Township, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of the township where he now resides, and was born January 22, 1825, the second son in this family of children— David (deceased), James, Elizabeth (Mrs. Thomas Boyd), Stephen and Thomas B.—born to John and Nancy (Dickinson) Shelton, natives respectively of Virginia and Indiana. James Shelton lived at home in youth, receiving only such education as could be obtained in the country schools of that day. His marriage with Miss Minerva Polk was solemnized August 9, 1846, and to them were born four children: Mary E. (Mrs. Commodore Kelly), Rebecca, Nancy Ellen (Mrs. Andrew Kelly) and Josiah. Mrs. Shelton died December 25, 1861, and for his second wife Mr. Shelton married Mrs. Susan (Mills) Kelly December 31, 1862, and to this union these children have been born, named as follows: Eltnira, Stephen H., Eugene, Edna and Maud (deceased). Mr. Shelton owns 160 acres of good land, is a Democrat in politics, and his wife is of the General Baptist faith. They are among the township's best citizens and universally respected.

JOEL SKELTON, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born September 11, 1830. His grandparents, Zaclfariah and N. J. (Scales) Skelton, came to Warrick County when the father of our subject, Thomas Skelton, was but a small lad. Thomas was born in Georgia in 1803, and when twenty-three years old wedded Sarah Taylor, whose parents were also old settlers of this county. Joel Skelton was reared by his parents to manhood, receiving, in youth, a good common school education. His marriage with Miss Nancy J. Spradley was solemnized, this lady's birth occurring July 6, 1829. She died December 31, 1853, leaving three children: Lucretia E. (Mrs. John Simpson), Susan M. (Mrs. Samuel Broshears) and Thomas. Mr. Skelton has made farming his principal occupation through life, but from 1880 until 1884 merchandised at Tennison, where he is now Postmaster. He owns valuable property, is a Notary Public, and is also Pension Agent. December 25, 1863, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until May 2o, 1865. when he was discharged at Madison, this State, by general order of the War Department. His grandfather, Zachariah Skelton, was Probate Judge of Warrick County a great many years. He is a member of the G. A. R. fraternity, and of the United Baptist Church.

WILLIAM SKELTON was born April 23, 1856, a native of the township where he now resides, the third son born to Elijah S. and Mary A. (Tennison) Skelton. Our subject received a good common school education and remained on the farm assisting his father until of age, after which he taught a number of terms in the district school of Warrick County. December 25, 1881, he wedded Miss Sophronia Bilderback, daughter of John and Polly A. (Campbell) Bilderback, and to them have been born the following-named children: Marada, born August 23, 1882, and Flora, born April 5, 1884. Mrs. Skelton's birth occurred June 30, 1859. Mr. Skelton turns his attention principally to farming and stockraising, owning a good farm of 100 acres well improved. He and wife are independent in their religious views, belonging to no particular church, but have the respect and esteem of all who know them. Mr. Skelton is a Republican in politics.

WILLIAM STEPHENSON, native of the township and county where he now resides, was born September 6, 1853, the third son in a family of six children—Thomas (deceased), Hulda (Mrs. Samuel Watson), Andrew, Elizabeth (Mrs. H. J. Hart), William and Martha M. (Mrs. Edmond Sparks)—born to John and Martha (Emmons) Stephenson, who were both natives of Indiana. They were married in Spencer County, this State, and soon after moved to Warrick County, where they raised their family. The father is now a resident of Boonville. William assisted his father on the farm, receiving a good common school education, and March 27, 1872, he wedded Miss Arena Weir, daughter of William and Elizabeth (Byers) Weir, and to them have been born the followingnamed children: Arvilla, born September 14, 1875; John, November 9, 1877; Arleva, November 1, 1878; Wilford, August 23, 1880, and Arminda, July 22, 1882. Mr. Stephenson makes farming and stockraising a specialty, owning eighty-five acres of his father's old homestead. In the spring of 1884 he was elected Township Trustee on the Democratic ticket. He has already built two new schoolhouses besides improvements in the general furniture of the schools throughout the township. Mr. Stephenson is a Democrat, a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and his wife belongs to the General Baptist Church.

JAMES F. TENNISON, farmer and native of the township where he now resides, was born December 16, 1850, the sixth son in a family of twelve children: Mary A., Sarah E. (deceased), Daniel J., William W., Nancy J., Harriet L., George M. V., Henry H. (deceased), Emily E., Elijah M. (deceased), James F. and Martha L. (deceased)—born to George and Emily (Wright) Tennison, natives of Indiana. The father was born September 22, 1803, and died October 3, 1883. The mother's birth occurred January 27, 1808, and her death January 28, 1868. They located in Skelton Township in 1834, and lived there until their deaths. James F. still resides on the old home farm where he was raised. He was fairly well educated, and October 21, 1869, married Miss Minerva B. Hook, daughter of Matthias and Sally (Tabor) Hook, and to them have been born the following named family : Mary E., George W., Martin (deceased), Charles, Emma M., Lula B., Rosetta and two that died in infancy. Mrs. Tennison's birth occurred June 7, 1851. Mr. Tennison turns his attention principally to stock-raising and farming, owning 223 acres of land adjoining the town of Tennison. He is an esteemed and worthy citizen, a Republican in politics and a member of the I. O. O. F.

JAMES P. WHITE is a native of Perry County, Penn.. born April 22, 1832, the eldest son born to John and Catharine (McCard), White, who were married in the Keystone State April 14, 1831. The mother died May 29,1832, and for his second wife the father married Miss Elizabeth Eckels, February 19,1833, who was a daughter of Samuel and Nancy (White) Eckels, and to their union six children were born: Samuel W., Catharine M., Nancy, Martha, John G., and Thomas B. Mr. and Mrs. White came to Warrick County in 1849, locating six miles from Boonville,where they resided until their respective deaths, which occurred March 8 and March 17, 1877. They were hoth members of the United Presbyterian Church. James P. White received a good common school education, remaining at home on the farm until his majority. He was united in marriage with Miss Rachel G. Gwaltney, daughter of John and Mary Ann (Moore) Gwaltney, April 13, 1854, and to them have been born five childen : Rosa Belle, George W., Perry S., Sarah M. (deceased), and Jesse R. Mrs. White was born April 8, 1834. By occupation Mr. White is a stock-raiser and farmer, owning 120 acres of well improved land. He is a Republican in politics and he and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. Since 1882 Mr. White has been Weather Observer in the Signal Service of Warrick County and for over twenty-five years has kept a diary of general events without missing a day. He is well known and respected throughout the county.

ARTHUR M. WHITE is a native of the township where he now resides, born January 4, 1863, the ninth in a family of eleven children— David, Captain of Company I, Fifty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry (deceased), Mary G., Robert B., James A., Jennie M., Charles W., William T., Clark P., Arthur M. and two that died in infancy—born to Robert W. and Lydia J. (Ferguson) White, natives of Pennsylvania, where they were married February 18,1841. The following spring they came to Warrick County, settling on Section 27 in Skelton Township, with a capital of $100. He improved a farm of 300 acres, and at his death, which occurred January 27, 1865, by the falling of a tree, he was the owner of over 700 acres of land. Mrs. White's birth occurred February 18, 1822, and she now resides on the old homestead. She and husband were members of the Old School Presbyterian Church. Arthur M. was raised on the farm and received a good common school education. December 25, 1883, he married Miss Emma Johnson, who was born February 17, 1864, a daughter of Squire and Nancy J. (Tennison) Johnson, and to them one child—Clyde C.—has been born. Mr. White turns his attention principally to stock-raising and farming, owning sixty acres of good land. He is a Democrat in politics, and an esteemed and respected citizen.

GEORGE C. WILLIAMS, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born February 7, 1846, the oldest son in a family of four children— George C., Lydia J., Joseph A. and Sarah C.—born to Joseph G. and Sarah (Gentry) Williams, natives respectively of Indiana and Kentucky. These parents were married in Warrick County, where they still live, devout members of the United Baptist Church. George C. received a fair education in youth, remaining at home until his marriage with Miss Amarilla Johnson, March 27, 1866, and to them the following named children have been born: William E., born October 25, 1867; Mandana, born March 27, 1869; Quincy, born August 30, 1871; Sarah A., born July 12, 1870, and George M., born September 20, 1879, and died January 12, 1885. Mrs. Williams is a daughter of John L. and Abigail (Cutler) Johnson, and was born May 13,1847. Mr. Williams owns 274 acres of land, and turns his attention principally to farming and stockraising, at which he has been very successful. He has served his township as Trustee two terms, is a Democrat in politics, a member of the I. O. O. F., and he and two sons are members of the United Baptist Church.

ISAAC T. WILKINSON, of Skelton Township, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of Daviess County, Ky., born May 17, 1845, the fifth son and seventh child in a family of eleven children born to the marriage of John G. and Eliza (Bishop) Wilkinson, who were natives of Nelson County, Ky. Mrs. Wilkinson died in Kentucky, and for his second wife Mr. Wilkinson married Mrs. Margaret (Cooning) Partridge, and three years later they moved to Warrick County with all the family but three, who were married. He resided in this county until his death in 1871. Isaac T. remained at home with his parents until the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in Company I, Fifty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the Rebellion. Returning home he began farming, and February 13, 1868, married Miss N. C. Bradley, who was born December 10, 1847. They are the parents of eight children: Charles B. (deceased), P. M. (deceased), V. M., Lenora E., Everett, Fidella, Senna, and one that died in infancy unnamed. Mr. Wilkinson owns 105 acres of good land, is a Republican in politics, a member of the I. O. 0. F. fraternity, and he and wife are members of the Christian Church.

PIGEON TOWNSHIP.

WILLIAM G. AVERY, a prominent farmer of Pigeon Township, this county, and a native of Wilson County, Tenn., was born April 27, 1829. He is of the following named children born to John W. and Malinda (Tarver) Avery, who were both natives of Tennessee: Martha J., William G., Elizabeth S., Caroline F., John W., Lucinda A. and Calvin W. William W., the eldest son and subject of this biography, assisted his parents on the home farm until attaining his majority, receiving a good common school education. In his native State, September 23, 1849, he wedded Miss Lenora E. G. Ellington, who was born December 8,1832, the daughter of Green and Arena (Summerhill) Ellington and who died February 16, 1882, an honored wife and mother and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Ten children were born to their union, named Emily E., Arena F., Eleanor E. G., Malinda J., John W., Martha A. C., Josephine, William G., Adolphus A. and Rufus A., deceased. Mr. Avery was remarried September 6,1883, his wife being Miss Julia M., daughter of George and Mary (Spencer) Eskridge, who has borne him one son—Otto L. Mrs. Avery was born October 13, 1861, and is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Avery has made life a success and attributes his success to energy, economy and perseverance. He owns 200 acres of the best land of Pigeon Township.

WARREN BARR, of Pigeon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of Summer County, Tenn., born October 2,1821, the only living son in a family of eight children born to Eli and Nelly (Oglesby) Barr, both natives of Virginia. They reared their family and spent most of their lives in Tennessee. The father died in Kentucky and the mother came to Indiana to live with her sons, where she afterward died. Warren was raised by his parents and continued at home until nineteen years of age. After some years spent in Tennessee he came to Warrick County, Ind., and located where he now resides. December 2,1847, he was married to Miss Eliza Jane Aust, daughter of Joseph and Rebeeca (Williams) Aust, residents and natives of Tennessee and of English and German descent. Mr. and Mrs. Barr are the parents of fourteen children, named Elisha (deceased), Ellen, Rebecca, Joseph (deceased), George, Jesse (deceased), Thomas, John, Henry, William, Nancy (deceased), Caroline, Madaline and Louis (deceased). Mrs. Barr was born June 15, 1831. Mr. Barr makes farming and stock-raising his occupation and owns 320 acres of good land besides having given 200 acres to his children. He commenced in Warrick County with but little and he and wife by diligence and economy have acquired a good home and pleasant surroundings. In politics he is one of the old Jacksonian Democrats and is a member of the Masonic fraternity.

JOHN BEARDSLEY, of Pigeon Township, Warrick Co., Ind , is a native of Dubois County, this State, and was born January 4, 1827, the oldest in a family of four children—John, Samuel, James and Elizabeth—born to John and Ann (Fisher) Beardsley, natives of Ohio and Kentucky. They came to Indiana when young, and were married in Dubois County. Our subject, with his parents, moved to Illinois, where the father died, after which the mother returned to Warrick County, and died in 1878. He was raised by his mother, receiving a fair education, and February 3, 1849, was married to Miss C. Thompson, daughter of John and Louisa (Hinton) Thompson, residents of Warrick County. Mr. and Mrs. Beardsley are the parents of five children : James M., Marion F., Elizabeth, Eliza M. and Samuel W. Mrs. Beardsley was born January 1, 1831, and died September 14, 1858. January 30, 1859, Mr. Beardsley was married to Miss Malinda Johnson, a daughter of Edmund and Sarah (Wilson) Johnson, and to them have been born the following named family: Edmund J., John F., Commodore F., W. C. and Willie S. Mrs. Beardsley was born April 24, 1833. By occupation Mr. Beardsley is a farmer and stock-raiser, and owns over 300 acres of well improved land. He began life a poor boy, but by diligence and frugality has acquired a comfortable situation. He is a Republican, and he and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church.

JAMES N. BROWN is a native of Spencer County, Ind., and was born March 23, 1833, the oldest son of the following named children: Ann, James N., Esther (deceased), William J. and Samuel P., born to John C. and Judah (Johnson) Brown, natives of Kentucky and North Carolina respectively. The father came to Spencer County in 1819, and located permanently. His wife came with her parents to Warrick County in 1817, locating six miles west of Boonville, where they resided until their respective deaths. The parents of James N. were married in Warrick County in about 1829. He was raised by his parents, staying at home until his majority. March 12, 1863, his marriage with Miss Nancy C. Geeding was solemnized, and to their union have been born six children : Abigail L., John S., Natallie E., Catharine A., Hillis W. aud Emma L. Mrs. Brown was born June 13, 1842, and is a daughter of Simon and Cli irlotte (Miller) Geeding, residents of Spencer County, Did., and natives of Maryland and Ohio. By occupation Mr. Brown is a fanner and stock-raiser, giving his time principally to buying and shipping stock. He owns 'ZOO acres of farming land, is a Republican in politics, and has served his township as Trustee two terms.

DR. ALVIS P. BROWN, physician and surgeon of Heilman, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of Ohio County, Ky., born August 16. 1855, the oldest son born to James F. and Marinda L. (Addington) Brown. He was raised and educated by his parents, and continued at home until his majority, receiving a common school education. Later he attended one year at the Selvin graded school, after which he entered the Evansville Medical College, remaining one year, and having previously read medicine two years under a preceptor, he located first in Skelton Township, but in 18^2 purchased property and located permanently at Heilman, where he has a lucrative and increasing practice. Dr. Brown was married November 11, 1880, to Miss Sarah A. Phillips, daughter of Elijah and Mary M. (Simpson) Phillips, and they are the parents of two children: Walter R. (deceased) and Artie M. Mrs. Brown's birth occurred February 12, 1861. Dr. Brown is a Republican in politics, and a gentleman well and favorably known throughout the township.

DEWIT CLINTON was born in Vanderburg County, Ind., August 7, 1832, the fifth son in a family of twelve children born to Jonathan and Lettitia (Mcllred) Clinton, who were married in 1811, and settled in Warrick County in 1837. They were both members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and both lie buried in the Lynnville Cemetery. In youth Dewit Clinton lived at home, receiving a fair education, and January 13, 1856, married Miss Charity Davis, who was born March 24, 1833, a daughter of Moses and Martha (Madden) Davis, of Warrick County. They are the parents of seven children : Henry J., Jonathan, James M., Martha L., David (deceased), William D. and Charley M. (deceased). Mr. Clinton turns his attention principally to stock raising and farming, and owns 100 acres of well-improved land. He is a Democrat in politics, and he and wife are members of the General Baptist Church, and are well respected by all wi o know them.

CORNELIUS H. COOPER, farmer, is a native of Ohio County, Ky., born July 3, 1833, the fifth son born to A lexander and Sally (Miller) Cooper, natives of Maryland and Kentucky. They were married in the latter State, and in the spring of 1837 moved to Dubois County, Ind. He afterward bought land in Spencer County, staying ten years, when he removed to near Rock port, and from there to Corn Island, above Grand View, where he died in 1860, his wife having preceded him in 1853. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Cornelius lived with his parents until his mother's death, receiving a limited education. September 16, 1860, his union with Miss Julina B. Woolard was solemnized, and to them were born two children : Sarah F. and one who died in infancy. Mrs. Cooper died June 9, 1863, and September 13, 1866, Mr. Cooper married for his second consort Mrs. Mary A. (Clark) Thompson, and to this union have been born eight children, named as follows : Clarissa B. (deceased), Rhoda J., Ollie E., William A., Harry M., H. G., Emma A. and Oma M. Mrs. Cooper was born October 9, 1842. Mr. Cooper is a farmer and stock-raiser, and owns 160 acres of land. He is a Democrat, a member of the G. A. R., and Masonic fraternity, and belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. In December, 1863, he enlisted in Company M, Tenth Indiana Cavalry, and was discharged September 7, 1865, at Indianapolis.

NICHOLAS HARTER, a prominent citizen of Pigeon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born in Rockport, Spencer Co., this State, December 27, 1839, the eldest son of a family of eight children, five of whom are now living, born to Henry and Elizabeth (Powell) Harter, residents of Warrick County, and natives of Kentucky and Indiana respectively. Nicholas was raised and educated by his parents, and continued at home until ttie breaking out of the Rebellion, when he enlisted in Company E, Twenty-fifth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served over three years. In August, 1864, he was discharged at Chattanooga and returned home, working for himself and others on the farm until his marriage, January 27, 1869, to Miss America Ann Turley, daughter of William and Rebecca(Oskins) Turley. To this union have been born the following named children: Emma A., Gracie W., William H., Louisa C., John L., Maud, Alma and Eva R. Mrs. Harter was born September 24, 1817. By occupation Mr. Harter is a farmer and stock-raiser, now owning 218 acres of good land well improved and with good buildings. He is an esteemed neighbor and citizen, a member of the Masonic fraternity and a Republican in politics. He began life a poor boy, but with industry and frugality has secured a comfortable home and valuable property.

HENRY A. KATTERJOHN, of Selvin, was born in Dubois County, Ind., December 31, 1846, the third in a family of eight children born to William H. and Christina (Bierbaum) Katterjohn, natives of Prussia in Germany. These parents were married in America and settled in Dubois County, Ind., in 1844, and are the parents of the following named children : Sophia, John F., Henry A., Mary A., William H., Benjamin A., L. H. (deceased) and Emma R. (deceased). Henry A. was raised and educated by his parents and at the age of twenty commenced doing for himself, and one year later began the miller's business, which he has since followed. He and Benjamin A. are operating a steam flouring-mill which has a capacity of fifty barrels per day. Our subject was married June 10, 1880, to Mrs. Mary E. (Ketzel) Reiners, daughter of Godfrey and Elizabeth E. (Haman) Ketzel, of Spencer County, Ind., and to them has been born one child—Elmer J. Mrs. Katterjohn is the mother of two children by her first husband, named Charley and William. Mr. Katterjohn is a Republican in politics, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Benjamin A. Katterjohn, brother of Henry A., was born February 9, 1853, and was raised and educated by his parents. At the age of sixteen he began teaching school, which he followed six years, when he entered into partnership with his brother in the mill which they operate in Selvin. July 31,1875, he married Miss Sophia Rauscher, and to them have been born three children: Jennie M., Eli E, and Bertha. Like Henry A., he is a Republican, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOSEPH H. McGLOTHLIN, druggist and grocer, of Selvin, Warrick Co., Ind., is a native of Sumner County, Tenn., born June 1, 1847, a son of Isaac and Martha (House) McGlothlin, residents of Tennessee, where they died in 1862. Joseph being left an orphan at an early age was compelled tp make his way through life as best he could. He received a fair education from the common schools, and at the age of seventeen enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty-Third Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the war, and was discharged at Indianapolis in October, 1865. After the war he returned to Warrick County, and April 7, 1870, was married to Miss Eliza J. Harper, daughter of George W. and America (Kitchen) Harper, and to them have been born the following named children: Willie S., Martha A. P., Isaac E., Dora E., Mala and one that died in infancy. Mr. McGlothlin followed farming from 18d5 until the fall of 1880, when he engaged in his present business, and now owns his dwelling and store property, and enjoys a good and increasing trade. In politics he is an Independent, and served the people of Pigeon Township one term as Justice of the Peace, and is one of the substantial and esteemed citizens of the township.

JAMES McFADDEN is a native of Harrison County, Ind., born August 9, 1825, the second son in a family of four children—Andrew J., James, Ezekiel and Amanda—born to James and Jane (Woods) McFadden, natives respectively of Ohio and Indiana. The father, who was a steamboat and house carpenter by trade, died in Mississippi, and the mother died in Kentucky. James McFadden, Jr., was left an orphan when young, and at the age of twelve years began for himself as cook on a steamboat, and followed boating for fifteen years, during which time he met with many incidents of interest that would alone fill a good sized volume. July 30, 857, his marriage with Miss Elizabeth A. Frakes was solemnized, and to their union have been born twelve children : William T., Henry L., George W., Frederick, John, Andrew, Rebecca, Grayson F., James, Nora, Effie and Eva, all living except Henry L. Mr. McFadden is a Democrat in politics, and he and wife are members of the General Baptist Church, and are well-to-do and respected citizens. For a number of years Mr. McFadden has been engaged in agricultural pursuits, and by economv and industry has secured a good farm of 100 acres.

DR. WILLIAM" H. McVEY, of Selvin, was born in the adjoining county of Spencer June 21,1842, the third son in a family of nine children born to Samuel and Parmelia (Ice) McVey. These parents were natives of Virginia, where they were married, their respective births occuring January 12,1811, and May 5, 1812. They moved to Spencer County, Ind., in 1833, where Mr. McVey died January 11, 1857, and his widow March 17, 1880, both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. When eighteen years old the subject of this biography began doing for himself by commencing the study of medicine with Dr. Reuben Peregrine, of Centerville, having previously received a good education from the common schools. When in his twenty-first year he graduated from the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical College, and for the succeeding eight months practiced medicine at Newtonville, Ind. He then located at Crowville, where he was married July 6,1866, to Miss Martha J. Thompson, who was born February 19, 1842, a daughter of George W. and Esther (Burris) Thompson. He remained there practicing until 1873, when he removed to Selvin, which has since been his home and where he has an established practice. Dr. McVey is a Democrat; has served Pigeon Township as Trustee, and is an Ancient Odd Fellow and an ex-member of the A. O. U. W.

JOHN W. OSKINS, a prosperous farmer of Pigeon Township, i9 a native Hoosier, born in Spencer County July 27, 1844, the eldest of nine children born to Jacob B. and Hannah (Roberts) Oskins, who were married in the same county where our subject was born. The father died September 10, 1872, but his widow yet survives him. John W. was raised on a farm, securing only a fair schooling. August 12, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Ninety-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was an active participant in the battles of Resaca, Kingston, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Franklin and Nashville, at the latter place receiving a severe wound. He was discharged by reason of disability at Evansville, Ind., June 8, 1865, and returning home has since turned his attention to farming. September 1, 1867, he wedded Miss Lucinda Jones, who was born May 5, 1846, a daughter of R. and M. (McCoy) Jones, and to them two children have been born : Everett, born August 17, 1868, and Natallie, born April 21, 1870. Mr. and Mrs. Oskins are among the township's best people, and by economy and industry have accumulated valuable property, including a farm of 238 £ acres. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Oskins belongs to the G. A. R. and is a Republican. Although in a strong Democratic township, he has been elected Trustee, and as such has given his constituents no cause to regret the support they gave him.

JOHN PERIGO was born June 23, 1843, in Warrick County, Ind., the oldest son born to Samuel H. and Nancy (Clutter) Perigo, natives of Kentucky and Indiana. The mother died in February, 1877, but the father is yet living and resides in Warrick County, an honored and respected citizen. John Perigo lived at home until the breaking out of the war; and January 28, 1864, enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving faithfully until the close of the war. He then returned home, and February 10, 1867, married Miss Sarah I. Rhoads, daughter of Daniel and Sally (Hudspeth) Rhoads. Mr. and Mrs. Perigo are the parents of four children, named Lillie J., John O, Samuel W. and Minnie B. Mrs. Perigo's birth occurred April 14, 1847. Mr. Perigo owns 220 acres of good land. He is a Republican in politics, and he and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church.

JAMES M. SPRADLY, one of the progressive and intelligent farmers of Pigeon Township, is a native of Wilson County, Tenn., his birth occurring August 10, 1827. He is the sixth son of Tabner and Susan (Shores) Spradly, who were married in Tennessee, from whence they moved north, and in 1837 settled in Warrick County, Ind., where they participated in many of the hardships and inconveniencies of backwoods life. From ten years of age, James M. was reared to manhood in this county by his parents, securing only such education as the schools of that early day afforded. July 15, 1847, he was united in marriage with Miss Martha E., daughter of Norman and Temperance (Lockhart) Roberta, and to their union this family of children have been born : Eliza Ann (deceased), Madeline, Adaline, Hannah L., Lizzie (deceased), Josephine and an infant that died unnamed. The mother's birth occurred October 5. 1828. Mr. Spradly has successfully followed farming throughout life. He is a Democrat in politics, a member of the I. O. O. F. and the Christian Church.

ABRAHAM SPRINGSTUN, a native Hoosier, was born April 15, 1840, in Spencer County, and is the fifth son of Peter and Lucretia (Akin) Springstun, who were natives of Indiana. After the marriage of our subject's parents they settled near Dale in Spencer County, and engaged in farming. Mr. Springstun died in Arkansas while visiting relatives, but his widow is yet living, and resides near Rockport. Abraham was reared to manhood by his parents, securing a good common school education. In 1861 he became a volunteer in his country's cause in Company E, Twenty-fifth Regiment Indiana Infantry, serving faithfully until August, 1863, when he was discharged at Evansville by reason of disability. June 23, 1863, lie was united in marriage with Miss L. M. Day, who was born May 14, 1841, a daughter of F. P. and L. R. (Bishop) Day. Twelve children have been born to them, as follows: Laura M., Mary E., Cora A., Peter F., Charles E., James E. (deceased), William H., George W., Eva M., Effie G., Jesse E. and Daniel H. (deceased). The parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Springstun is the owner of twenty-five acres of good land, is a thorough-going and enterprising farmer, and a Republican in politics.

DR. WALTER R. TEMPLE, of Selvin, was born in Warren County, Ky., August 23, 1841, and is'the third son in a family of five children, two yet living, and both physicians, born to Jonathan C. and Sarah F. (Brashear) Temple, who were also natives of the Blue Grass State, and of Scotch and English descent. At ten years of age our subject was left an orphan, and was raised by his grandmother, Mrs. Eleanor E. Temple, his guardian being John B. Temple, of Louisville. In youth he came to Indiana, but in 1861 enlisted in his country's cause, and was made a body guard of Gen. John C. Fremont in Company D. By special order of Gen. Halleck he was discharged at St. Louis, in January, 1862, but in 1864 again entered the army, and from that time until he was honorably discharged in September, 1865, was engaged in the naval service. In 1869 he embarked in merchandising at Bloomfield, Ind., and about the same time began the study of medicine with his brother, Dr. James R. Temple. He then attended the Medical University of Louisville, Ky., one term, and then completed his studies by a course of lectures at the Long Island Hospital, at Brooklin, N. Y. The fall of 1873, the same year of his graduation, he located at Selvin, Ind., where he has built up a lucrative practice, and is a highly esteemed citizen. He is a Republican, a member of the G. A. R. and the Methodist Episcopal Church. April 30, 1876, he married Miss Lydia J. Katterjohn, who died October 5, 1877. Miss Mary M. Varwig became his second wife, May 21, 1878, and two children have been born to them, named Harry Lee and Eleanor B.

JAMES H. TILMAN is a native of Adair County, Ky., born November 11, 1827, the second son in a family of fourteen children, born to Morris A. and Mary (Brown) Tilman, natives of Virginia and North Carolina respectively. They were married in Kentucky, and came to Indiana in 1828, where they continued to live until their respective deaths. James H. lived with his parents, and received a good common school education, at the same time helping his father, who was a gunsmith in Mt. Pleasant, Crawford Co., Ind. In 1849 he established a gunsmith shop at Selvin, Warrick County, Ind., and October 14 of the same year was married to Miss Edna Hale, daughter of Isom and Elizabeth (Taylor) Hale, who were residents of Warrick County, and to them have been born six children: Malinda E., Jonathan R., Elsie (deceased), Lucretia (deceased), Charles E. (deceased), and Truman P. In 1861 Mr. Tilman enlisted in Company G, First Indiana Cavalry, but was discharged at Pilot Knob, Mo„ in November of the same year, but again enlisted in Company I, Fifty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war, receiving an honorable discharge at Louisville in July, 1865. He is now blacksmithing in Selvin, owning his shop and residence, and enjoying an old and established trade. He is well and favorably known throughout the country, is a member of the Masonic fraternity, a Republican in politics, and his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

P. N. WHITTINGHILL, one of Pigeon Township's prosperous and intelligent farmers, was born April 5, 1826, and is a son of David and Elizabeth (Young) Whittinghill, who were parents of ten children and natives of Kentucky, where they were married. In about the year 1820 they immigrated to southern Indiana, and engaged in farming and clearing, but a few years later removed to Vermillion County, where both died the same year, and were buried near Newport. Being left an orphan at eight years of age, and without the wise and affectionate care of a father or mother, our subject was raised to labor, and was thus engaged when boys of a like age should have been in school. When nine years old he returned to Warrick County, and has since made it his home, with the exception of the time when he was out in the Mexican war. January 17, 1850, he united in marriage with Abigail J., daughter of William and Rebecca (Oskins) Turley, and fourteen children have been born to them: Winfield S., William S., John A., Lewis P., David W., Rachel L., Rebecca J., Jacob P., Charles M., Abbie E., Desdemonia, Henry G., James L. and Josephine. The mother was born April 6, 1832. Mr. Whittinghill owns a good farm of 320 acres, is a Republican, and a member of the Masonic fraternity.

LEWIS P. WHITTINGHILL, a prominent citizen and partner of the firm of Whittinghill & Bunton, of Selvin, Warrick Co., Ind., was born January 19,1856, the fourth son born to Pleasant N. and Abigail J. (Turley) Whittinghill. He was raised by his parents, receiving a liberal education, and graduated from the Evansvillle Commercial College in 1880. He commenced business for himself, first as clerk for Henry ShafeB at Gentryville, with whom he continued two years, but in December, 1882, opened a general store at Selvin in partnership with his brother, D. W. Whittinghill. Soon after his brother sold his interest in the business to Bunton, and since then business, under the firm name of Whittinghill & Bunton, has been very prosperous. Mr. Whittinghill was appointed Postmaster of Selvin, February 27, 1884, a position he still holds. Fie is a Republican in politics, and May 24, 1883, was married to Miss Mary F. Armstrong, a daughter of Joseph D. and Amanda Armstrong, residents of Rockport, Spencer Co., Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Whittinghill are parents of one son, as yet unnamed.

OWEN TOWNSHIP.

JOHN T. BETHELL, a native of Lane Township, this county, was born December 11, 1841, the eldest of seven children born to the marriage of William G. Bethell and Caroline M. Thompson, who were among the early pioneers of Warrick County. The first twenty yeais of his life were passed under the direction and care of his parents, and during this time he secured a good common school education. February 15, 1864, he enlisted as a private in Company E, One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and wa9 an active participant in the battles ot Nashville, Franklin and others. He was discharged at Raleigh, N. C., January 8, 1866, and returning home has since been engaged in active business pursuits. By being an active and zealous worker for the Democratic party he was rewarded by an election to the Sheriffalty of the county at the November election of 1884, and in August, 1885, will begin officiating in that capacity. He was married, May 28, 1863, to Sarah Elizabeth Mills, and by her is the father of eight children, five of whom are yet living. Mr. Bethell belongs to the A. 0. TJ. W. and the G. A. R. of Boonville.

ROBERT S. BROWN (deceased), named after his father, was a native of the old Commonwealth of Kentucky, his birth occurring January 30, 1847, and he is one of five children born to his father's marriage with Lucy J. Pemberton. In 1854 the family moved to Indiana and settled in Owen Township, Warrick County, engaged in farming and stockraising. Here our subject was reared to manhood on a farm, securing in youth the average country school education, having inculcated in him by his parents the principles of benevolence and honesty which were characteristic of him through life. For three years he was a soldier in the late war, and though young in years never flinched from danger or shirked a duty. Returning home from the war he engaged in farming, and so continued until his death February 22, 1877. Mr. lirown was a man among men, a neighborly neighbor, a devout Christian, and an honored member of society. To his marriage with Nancy E. West, which was solemnized October 25, 1866, a family of six children were born, and were named Mary A., William A., James R., Lucy Jane, Dora Ellen and Samuel L. Mrs. Brown is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and still resides on the home farm.

WILLIAM M. BROOKS, one of the enterprising and go-ahead farmers of Owen Township, is a native of Ohio County, Ky., his birth occurring February 16, 1836. His parents, William and Maria F. (Brown) Brooks,were natives of the Old Dominion, and the parents of eight children. William M. was raised by his parents to man's estate on the home farm, and farming has been his occupation through life. That he has made it a success one can readily see from the well-cultivated farm of 140 acres, and the nice home he now owns. Beginning life poor he has attained his present possessions only by industry and frugality. He boasts of never having been sued or called upon as a witness before any court; is a radical Democrat in politics, and is pronounced by his neighbors as a first-class citizen. January 12, 1871, he was united in matrimony with Miss Susan E. Pemberton, who is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and to their union a family of three childi en have been born, named James M., Eldred P. and Melvin C.

BENJAMIN O. BROOKS, farmer and stock-raiser, is a native of Ohio County, Ky., and is the third in a family of eight children born to the marriage of William Brooks and Maria F. Brown, who were natives of Virginia, and both of whom are now dead. The subject of this sketch was born February 4, 1839, and until twenty years old made his home with his parents, during which time he worked at farming and attended the district schools. In 1859, he came to Owen Township, this county, working on the farm of James Wilson one year, and in fact has passed his entire life in agricultural pursuits, now owning a well improved and fairly stocked farm of eighty acres, which he has secured through his own exertions. October 13, 1860, he married Drusilla Pemberton, who was born in Kentucky, October 17, 1843, a daughter of William Pemberton, who settled in this township and county in 1852. Thirteen children have been born to their union, ten of whom are yet living, two sons and eight daughters. Mrs. Brooks is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and Mr. Brooks is a life long Republican in politics.

WILLIAM W. DORSEY, farmer and stock-raiser, was born December 26. 1833 in Skelton Township, Warrick Co., Jnd„ and is the next youngest in a family of six children born to Greenberry and Susan (Cavender) Dorsey who moved from Kentucky, their native State, to Indiana Territory in about 1815 and settled in Warrick County. Their respective deaths occurred here in about 1840 and 1878. William W. made his home with his mother until he became of age, receiving a common school education. The autumn of 1855 he wedded Nancy Ellen Kelley, daughter of Isham Kelley, appropriate mention of whom is made elsewhere herein, and by her is the father of twelve children, the most of whom are now living. Mr. Dorsey has passed his life engaged in agricultural pursuits, and by his own industry and frugality has secured a pleasant home and a good farm of eighty acres. He belongs to the Odd Fell ows fraternity at Folsomville, is a Democrat in politics and has served as Trustee of Owen Township two years. He and wife belong to the Christian Church at Crowville and are among Owen Township's best families.

WILLIAM FISHER, a native of Owen Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born October 16, 1843, and is the fourth in a family of six children born to M. and A. (Hodges) Fisher, who settled in this township at a very early day and engaged in farming until their respective deaths, which occurred October 15, 1853 and about the year 1846. William passed his early days in attendance upon the the district schools and after his father's death, went to live with his grandfather, Amos Hodges. October 10, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Forty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and during his term of enlistment never shirked a duty or danger, but instead, bravely participated in the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Siege of Atlanta and others. For six months he was detailed as escort of Gen. Palmer, three months for Gen. Jeff. C. Davis, and was honorably discharged October 19, 1864. January 26, 1865, he married Martha A. Pemberton, an estimable lady, and to them nine children were born, all living but one. The parents are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Fisher is one of Owen Township's best citizens, is a Democrat, a member of the I. O. O. F., Masonic and G. A. R. fraternities and the owner of sixty-five acres of good land. He has held various local positions of honor and trust and has been Township Trustee over five years.

JOHN T. GENTRY, merchant, is a native of the township in which he yet resides, his birth occurring December 17, 1856. He is the fourth in a family of twelve children born to H. and P. C. (Ford) Gentry, who were natives of Warrick County, Ind., who yet reside herein. John T. represents one of the plucky, independent and enterprising young men of the county. He was raised on a farm in the country, securing a fair education from the public schools. He remained with his parents until twenty years of age, and July 29, 1877, married Miss Belle McKindley, of Crowville, daughter of Dr. James McKindley, deceased, and by her is the father of two children—Laura E. and Odessa. The mother is a member of the Christian Church, of Crowville. Mr. Gentry turned his attention to school teaching for a time, which he followed with success about six terms. In May, 1883, he embarked in the general merchandise business at Dickeyville, where he has since continued with profit. He is also Postmaster of the place, and has been Township Assessor since 1882. He is a Democrat and a "jolly good fellow."

JOHN A. GOAD, Commissioner elect of Warrick County, was born in White County, Tenn., May 17,1826, being the eldestof eight children born to Peter and Darcy (Smith) Goad, appropriate mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume. He came with his parents to this county in 1828 and was here raised to manhood, securing only such education as the schools of that primitive day afforded. At the age of twenly-two years he married and moved on the farm in Owen Township, where he now resides. He has made farming a success being the owner of 160 acres of well-improved land, which he keeps well stocked and in good condition. June 14, 1848, he was united in marriage with Miss L. J. Powers, of Warrick County, and eight children have been born to their union, these six yet living: Alva J., Hannah F. (who married John Ellison), Martin A., Jacob F., Charles W. and Lucy A. Mr. Goad is a Democrat in politics, and although not an office seeker by any means, he has occupied various local positions of honor and trust. The fall of 1884, as the nominee of his party, he was elected County Commissioner, his term of office to begin in December. 1885. He and wife represent one of Owen Township's best families, and both are members of the General Baptist Chnrch.

JOSEPH GOTTFRIED, one of the old and highly esteemed German farmers of Warrick County, was born in Bohemia, Germany, July 24, 1814, and is the oldest of nine children born to John and Annie (Repka) Gottfried, who were also natives of Bohemia, where they lived and died. Joseph's early years were passed in attending the schools of his native country and assisting his parents. In 1849 he left home, relatives and native land, and crossing the great expanse of water, came to the United States. For three years he resided at Cleveland, Ohio, then came to this county where he resided three years longer. He then went to Milwaukee, Wis., but in 1865 returned to Warrick County, Ind., which has since been his home. For two years he farmed in Boon Township, and since then has been engaged in agricultural pursuits on his present place of eighty acres of good land. September 11, 1853, Mr. Gottfried married Mary Pecka, and the following named of the nine children born to them are yet living: Rudolph, Anna, Josephine, John, Frank, Charley and Emma. Mr. Gottfried is an enterprising and successful farmer, and he and family belong to the Roman Catholic Church.

REV. JAMES HART, born in Owen Township, Warrick Co., Ind., April 27,1827, is one of thirteen children born to Rev. Henry and Margaret (St. Clair) Hart, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and this State. The father came to Indiana Territory in 1814, and made his home for many years in Warrick County, where he died May 3, 1860. He was one of those self-sacrificing men who left the comforts of civilization to preach the word of God in the unbroken wilds of the West, and for over half a century followed that calling. His widow died the spring of 1865. James Hart, subject of this sketch, has farmed almost his entire life, but at present is living retired and is occupying the pulpits at Shiloh and Fidelity Churches. In youth he secured such education as the common schools of that early day afforded, and for his first wife selected Sarah J. Bristow, who died December 24, 1865, after bearing five children, two sons and two daughters yet living. Mr. Hart enlisted, January 1, 1863, in Company D, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and on the company's organization was elected Second Lieutenant. As such he went to the front, participating in the battle of Resaca and the siege of Atlanta, besides several lesser engagements. While at Atlanta Mr. Hart was taken sick and sent to the hospital at Louisville, and shortly thereafter was detached to take charge of a veteran reserve corps, continuing until discharged in 1865 at Indianapolis. Returning home, he was wedded to Telitha St. Clair, on the 8th of March, 1865, and by her he is the father of two daughters. He is the owner of valuable property, is a member of the G. A. R., a Republican since 1861, and a Justice of the Peace since the spring of 1884.

ISHAM KELLEY, an old and highly-esteemed citizen of Warrick County, was born August 10, 1809, in Henderson County, Ky„ and is a son of David and Nancy Kelley, natives of Virginia and early pioneers of the Blue Grass State. He remained at home until ten years of age, then came with a brother, John B. Kelley, now dead, to this county, locating first five miles northeast of Boonville. Warrick County has since been his home, and here he accumulated a fortune, much of which has been given to his children, and has won the confidence and high esteem of a large circle of acquaintances. In August, 1828, he united in marriage with Eliza Cover, who died October 13. 1854, after bearing a family of twelve children, these yet living: Henry, Glenn, Nancy G. (Mrs.William Dorsey), Stephen, Commodore, Catharine (Mrs.N.Gentry), William I., F. L., and John R. The mother was a loving wife and parent, a faithful Christian worker, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. August 30, 1874, Mr. Kelley married Mrs. Mary C. (Lee) Zimmerman, and by her is the father of two children. He is a Democrat, a man of undoubted integrity, and a worthy citizen. He now resides in Folsomville, retired from active business pursuits.

WILLIAM HENRY MILLS, M. D. of Folsomville, was born on Independence Day, 1852, and is one of four children born to John A. J. and Susan (Kelley) Mills, who were of Irish and Irish-Scotch descent respectively. John Andrew Jackson Mills, father of our subject, was born September 17, 1819, in Kentucky, came with his father to Indiana about the year 1830, and in 1846 was married. He died February 3, 1857. His widow was born in this county December 7, 1829, and is yet living an active member of the Baptist Church. Dr. W. H. Mills, subject of this biography, was raised to manhood on a farm, receiving a good common school education in youth. The winters of 1872-73-74-75-76 and 1877, he was engaged in school teaching in Skelton Township, and during the summer months of the first three years farmed. He also officiated as Township Assessor several summers, and in June, 1876, began the study of medicine, with Drs. Scales and Tyner, of Boonville, with whom he remained two years. For two years he attended lectures at the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, which graduated him March 28, 1880, and since then has been busily engaged in the practice of his profession. The winter of 1884 he returned to his alma mater at Cincinnati, and took a special course in surgery and gynecology. Dr. Mills is a thorough student in his profession, is a Democrat in politics and a member of the Masonic brotherhood.

JOHN C. REED, a progressive and enterprising merchant of Folsomville, is a native of Warrick County, Indiana, his birth occurring in Skelton Township, June 18, 1847. He is one of nine children born to A. and M. (Phillips) Reed, who were natives of Kentucky, from whence the father removed to this county in 1815 and the mother with her parents the year following. They were married in February, 1823, and for many years Mr. Reed merchandised at Folsomville and also farmed. He died October 1, 1882, an honored and respected citizen, and is survived by his widow. John C. Reed was with his parents until sixteen years of age, and December 12, 1863 enlisted in Company D., One Hundreth and Twentieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was actively engaged in the siege of Atlanta, the battles of Franklin. Nashville and Kingston, besides numerous lesser engagements. After the war he was retained at Raleigh, North Carolina, in the interest of the Freedmen's Bureau, but was finally discharged January 18, 1866, at Indianapolis. With but little exception he has since been in business at Folsomville, a part of the time in partnership with his father. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., is Republican in politics, was elected Township Trustee in 1882, and re-elected in 1884. He is also a member of the G. A. R. March 9, 1871, he was united in marriage with Edna P. Cox, a daughter of Leroy Cox, and to their union have been born three children, named Rosa J., Lillie E. and Robert R.

GEORGE W. ROBERTS, one of the leading merchants of Folsomville, was born February 10, 1848, in Tennessee, and is the second in a family of seven children born to the marriage of Nathaniel Roberts, a native of North Carolina, and Elizabeth Gabbard, a native of Kentucky. In 1850 these parents removed to Warrick County, Indiana, and settled near DeGonia Springs, remaining there nine years. In 1859, they went back to Tennesee, but a year later returned to Warrick County, and settled in Folsomville, where the father died, February 8, 1869. His widow yet survives him, and resides with our subject. George W. Roberts was raised by his parents with whom he lived until March 1. 1864, when he became a private in Company M, Tenth Indiana Cavalry, and serving through the battles of Pulaski, Athens, Decatur and others, was honorably discharged at Vicksburg, August 31, 1865. Returning home from the war, Mr. Roberts has since been engaged, at different times, in farming, tobacco buying, merchandising and acting in the capacity of some local official. He is at present transacting a good business in Folsomville, where he is well known and highly esteemed. He is a Republican, a member of the G. A. R., and is the owner of forty acres of good land. December 8,1868, he was united in marriage with Miss Louisa Fisher, a native of this county, and the daughter of Mr. M. Fisher, and by her is the father of four sons and three daughters, all living.

PHILLIP SEIGEL, miller at Folsomville, is a native of Germany, born April 11, 1822, and is one of six children born to Frederick and Catharine (Reidenbach) Seigel, who were also natives of Germany. He secured a good education in youth, remaining at home until seventeen years old, when he began the baker's trade, which he followed two years in his native country. In 1842 he crossed the Atlantic Ocean to the United States, landing at New Orleans, and for one year worked at his trade in Cincinnati. He subsequently farmed near Newburgh in this county, remaining three years with A. M. Phelps. He then worked at his trade for a time in Evansville, but again returned to the employ of Mr. Phelps. For a number of years, begining in 1846, he worked at milling in Newburgh, a part of the time being a partner in the Eagle Mills, and a part of the time as proprietor. In September, 1881, he removed to Folsomville and purchasing an interest in the excellent mill of this place has since made Folsomville his home. In politics Mr. Seigel has been a life-long Republican, and during the war was a stanch Union man, aiding in numerous ways the Federal cause and assisting to a considerable extent the relatives of soldiers who were to the front battling for the right. Five times he was eleeted Justice of the Peace, serving in all, sixteen years. He was appointed and served one year as Deputy States Attorney, of Warrick County, and has also served in othef official positions of trust. He was married May 5, 1846, to Maria G. Gottman. who was born June 7, 1829, in Baden, Germany, and in 1845 came with her parents, George M. and Mary A. (Werner) Gottman, to this country. Twelve children have been born to them, only the following named yet living: Charley, Annie E., Aurilla A., John H., C. B., Frank T., Tillie M. and Jodie M. Both parents have been members of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1850. Mr. Seigel has one sister, Annie Eliza Litzenberger, living at Newburgh.

DR. ELIAS A. WEST, a native of Warrick County, Ind., was born June 5, 1848, in Pigeon Township, and is the second of thirteen children born to the marriage of Jesse West and Jane Scales, who were also natives of this county, their respective births occurring January 6, 1829, and February 9, 1830. Jesse West, having passed his life engaged in farming, now resides in Lane Township, the owner of a valuable farm. Dr. West made his home with his parents until eighteen years old and during this time secured a good common school education. In 1866 he began the harness and saddlery trade in Gentryville, which he continued eighteen months, when he attended school one year longer. The spring of 1870 he began working at his trade in Folsomville, but in 1873 began the study of medicine which he continued with diligence for some time. In 1874 he opened an office for the practice of medicine in Bloomfield, Spencer County, but in 1875 removed to Pleasantville, Pike County, where he remained five years. In 1878 and 1879 he attended the Evansville Medical College, and in 1880 moved to Summerville, Gibson County. In December, 1884 he moved to Folsomville, where he has since resided engaged in medical pursuits. Dr. West is an Odd Fellow and a good citizen. November 13, 1872, he wedded a sister of George W. Roberts—Alzada A.—who was born September 2,1852. Three children have been born to them as follows: Lillie May (deceased), Minnie F. and Georgie. The mother is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

JAMES W. WILKINSON, farmer and carpenter, is a native of Nelson County, Ky., his birth occurring May, 14, 1836. He is one of eleven children born to John G. and Eliza (Bishop) Wilkinson, who were natives of the same county as himself. James W. made his home with his parents until eighteen years of age, and during this time had limited access to the common schools of that day. In September, 1853, he united in marriage with Sarah Ann Barker, by whom he became the father of two children, both now dead. August 13, 1862, Mr. Wilkinson became a private in Company D, Sixty-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and as such participated in the battle of Vanderburg (Ky.), siege of' Knoxville, Franklin, Town Creek (N. C.), Wilmington and numerous skirmishes and campaigns. While in North Carolina he suffered with an attack of the small pox, measles and flux, and June 22, 1865, was discharged by General Order No. 73. Returning home, Mr. Wilkinson married for his second wife Mary M. Burchell, March 27, 1864, and six of the ten children born to them are yet living. In 1869 Mr. Wilkinson moved to Tennessee, remaining there three years, since when he has resided in Warrick County. He is the owner of some real estate in Folsctnville, is a carpenter by trade, and a strong advocate of the temperance cause. Although not a professional, Mr. W. is considerably a musician, and during campaigns of a political nature is called upon, far and near, to lead the various glee clubs.

LANE TOWNSHIP.

STEPHEN ASHBY, a native Hoosier, and one of the well-known men of Lane Township, was born June 25, 1819, in Pike County, and is one of ten children born to Warner and Mary (Hedges) Ashby, whe removed to Pike County, Ind., at a very early day, and where thenrespective deaths occurred in 1826 and 1832. Being left an orphan at thirteen years of age, Stephen Ashby was thus thrown upon his own resources for a livelihood. Until attaining his majority he was employed as a farm hand, then with what means he possessed he purchased land and began farming for himself. March 19, 1840, he married Elvira Jane Hamby, who was born June 12, 1823, a daughter of Stephen Hamby, * successful farmer of Pike County, who died in 1876. Eight children— all living—have blessed their union, and are named as follows: William L., John W., James K. P., Mary Jane, Stephen W., Sarah M., Edna M. and Amanda C. Since 1845 Mr. Ashby has resided on his present place, which embraces 120 acres of good land. He is of the old school Democracy, has served two terms as Township Trustee, and now as the evening of life casts its shadows over him he can glance back over a long anl eventful career, in which an honored and upright life is prominently set forth.

JOHN ERWIN, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Owen Township, in this county and State, May 24, 1820, and is the second of sht children born to the marriage of William Erwin and Elizabeth Whittmghill, who were natives respectively of Virginia and Pennsylvania. William Erwin came to Warrick County, Ind., at the early year of 1818, and the county never knew a more loyal citizen. He died in 1855. Jobo Erwin received his education from the old-fashioned log-schoolhouses of that day, and until twenty years old assisted his parents on the home farm. September 17, 1839, Mary J. Carnahan became his wife, and by him the mother of five children named Minerva, Sarah E., Nancy E., John F. and Mary. He was married to his second wife, who was formerly Alice Bethell, April 15, 1859. Mr. Erwin began life's battle* poor boy, and by industry and good management has secured a comfortable home and valuable property. Although a Democrat of the stanchest kind, he is by no means an office seeker. Notwithstanding he has served over eight years as Trustee of Lane Township, and over two years as County Commissioner, in each office serving his constituents with fidelity and credit.

LAWRENCE H. FISHER, a native of Owen Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born June 4, 1836, and is one in a family of twelve children born to James M. and Sarah V. (Robinson) Fisher, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and North Carolina. The father settled in Owen Township, this county, as early as 1824, arid by a long life of usefulness was honored and respected by all who knew him. He died January 2'i, 1854. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood in his native township and Arkansas, and in youth secured only a limited education. In 1842 his parents moved to Arkansas, remaining there eleven years, when they returned to Indiana. February 8, 1865, he was united in wedlock with Theodocia Condict, who was born December 17, 1844, in Daviess County, Ky., a daughter of Peter and Elizabeth (Housley) Condict, who were among the earliest pioneers of the old Commonwealth. This lady was raised by her grandparents until thirteen years old, and from that time until her marriage was employed as a servant girl. To her union with Mr. Fisher eight children have been born, five of whom are yet living. Mr. Fisher is a Democrat, the owner of eighty acres of good land and a saw-mill, and he and wife are among the township's best citizens, and are members of the Baptist Church.

JOHN N. HAMBY, one of Lane Township's most progressive and intelligent farmers, was born in the township of which he is now a resident February 4, 1856, and is one of eight children born to the marriage of William J. Hamby, one of the prominent farmers of Warrick County, ahd Sarah Ann McNealey, both natives of the Hoosier State. John N. received the advantages to be derived from the district schools, and until nineteen years of age made his home with his parents. March 9, 1875, Miss Roy, daughter of Leonard Roy; a prominent citizen of Pike County, Ind., became his wife, and to their union a family of five children have been born, of whom the following are living: William Jasper, Remus Arthur and Ernest F. Mr. Hamby is a Democrat in politics, a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge in Pleasantville, in Pike County, and is the owner of forty acres of good land which he keeps fairly stocked and under an average state of cultivation. He and wife are among the best citizens of the township.

CHRISTOPHER C. HEATH, born in Ohio Township, Warrick Co., Ind., August 29, 1835, is the eldest of three children born to Henry H. and Mary P. (Gay) Heath. In 1824 Henry H. Heath, together with his parents, immigrated to Indiana, many portions of the State at that time having no settlement of whites whatever. They located near the present site of Boonville, where for many years he farmed, taught school and was employed as pilot on the river. Christopher C. remained at home until he attained majority, securing a good common school education. In 1866 he began working at carpentering in connection with farming, which combined industries he successfully followed until 1883. May 1, l856, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Bass, who was born February 6, 1834, the daughter of Richard Bass, a native of Kentucky, who removed to Posey County, Ind., at a very early day. Three of the six children born to them are yet living, named Almarinda, Arminda and Robert S. Industry and frugality have brought about their legitimate reward in Mr. Heath's case, as he began poor and now owns a good farm of eighty acres. He is one of the township's best citizens.

JOHN E. MADDEN, a progressive farmer and stock-raiser of Lane Township, was born in Hart Township, this county, October 20, 1849, the third of six children born to William R. and Rhoda Ann (Camp) Madden, who were natives respectively of Kentucky and Illinois. The family were among the pioneers of Indiana, and in 1854 settled in the township where our subject was born. Later they removed to Owen Township where Mr. Madden died May 14, 1865. His widow yet survives him. John E. Madden passed his youth and early manhood with his parents, securing a common school education. December 31. 1871, he wedded Anna Purdue, who died April 12, 1872. April 12, 1875, his marriage with Margaret C. Wilson was solemnized, and to their union three children have been born, named Olivia, Aaron W. and Rice E. The mother is a daughter of Aaron Wilson, a prominent farmer of Boon Township, and was born in Russell County, Ky., October 11, 1857. Mr. Madden is one of Lane Township's most successful farmers, now owning a well-improved farm of 210 acres, on which is one of the best coal banks in the county. He is a Democrat in politics and a gentleman known and respected by many.

JOHN M. STRONG, one of the old and time honored citizens of Warrick County, was born at Cleveland, Ohio, February 16, 1811. His father, Nathaniel Strong, was a native of Pennsylvania; his mother, formerly Sarah Mustard, was a native of Ireland, and their union was fruitful in the birth of five children, the second born being the subject of this sketch. In 1812 the family moved to Indiana Territory, and settled in what is now Union County, where John M. passed his early years. In 1827 he started out to do for himself, and for about five years lived in and around Fort Wayne. For the succeeding two years he resided at Millersburg, Ind., and then for a number of years made his home at ThreeMile Island, near Newburgh, during which time he made twenty-one trips to New Orleans on flat-boats. November 6, 1842, he married Delila Vanbiber, who was born in Ohio, November 18, 1817, daughter of Jacob Vanbiber. Nine children were born to them, these yet living: George W., Mary, John A. and Elizabeth. In 1842 Mr. Strong moved to Pike County, this State, where he farmed five years, since when he has made his home where he now lives. He owns 120 acres of land, mostly wellimproved, and he and wife are members of the Baptist Church and are among the township's best citizens.

THOMAS W. WILSON, farmer and stock-raiser, is a native of Pulaski County, Ky., his birth occurring December 2, 1811, and he is the eldest of nine children born to James and Elizabeth (Fox) Wilson. He was reared by his parents to man's estate receiving, in youth, only a very limited schooling. The fall of 1833 he started out to Indiana where he expected to establish for himself a home in the new country, and locating in Hart Township, remained there farming for fifteen years. He then removed to his present place where he has since resided. Previous to coming to this country, he wedded Delia Stephens, on the 18th of October, 1832, and seven children were born to them, of whom only two are now living. The mother dying November 14, 1880, Mr. Stephens married for his second wife Mrs. Rebecca Thurman. In early days he took considerable interest in hunting, and can remember when he had fifteen deer in his yard at one time, brought from some of his hunting expeditions. He is the owner of 160 acres of good land, having paid for the same in yearly installments by chopping wood at 40 cents a cord. He is ;> life-long Democrat, and he and wife belong to the Baptist Church. His parents came to this county in 1845, where both afterward died.

JAMES W. WILSON, farmer and Trustee of Lane Township, is a motive of Russell County, Ky., where he was boin April 9, 1839. He is the eldest of fourteen children born to the marriage of John Wilson and Justina Gossar, who were also natives of the same county as our subject. The parents, together with their family, removed to Lane Township in this eounty, in 1818, and here passed the remainder of their days. The father became a thrifty farmer and large land owner, and died May 3, 1861. James W. Wilson was reared by his parents to manhood, and in youth secured a fair educution. January 8, 1860, he married Mary C., daughter of Benedict Miller, and by her is the father of six children, these four yet living: John W., Sarah E. (now Mrs. Albert Yarber), Miranda A. and Rice H. The parents are of the Baptist faith in religion, being members of Friendship Church. Mr. Wilson owns a well stocked farm of forty acres, is a Democrat in politics, and an honored and esteemed citizen of Warrick County. For six years he has served his township creditably as Assessor, and in 1884 was promoted by an election to the Trusteeship of the Township.

ANDERSON TOWNSHIP.

CHARLES DICKERSON (deceased) was born in Henry County, Ya., in the year 1764, and was there married when thirty years old to Susan Marlow, who was also a native of the Old Dominion, born in 1774. The Dickersons are of English-Welsh and the Marlows of Welsh-Scotch descent. In 1812 Mr. Dickerson and wife removed on pack horses to Henry County, Ky., and two years later from there to what is now Warrick County, Ind., settling at Yankeetown. In 1822 Mr. Dickerson died ef milk sickness while on his way to settle up some business in Kentucky, In 1863, his widow died in this county. They were Presbyterians, and the parents of eight children, all of whom are dead. Their names were Elizabeth, Martha, Nancy, Temperance, Truxton, Charles, Thomas and John. Three died in childhood, and five lived to be married. In Warjick County there are now living two daughters of Truxton—Mrs. Susan Woods and Mrs. Nancy Glass—at Newburgh, and two daughters of Thomas—Mrs Minerva Patten and Miss Electa Dickerson. The three married in this county have families.

DANIEL HARTLEY, an old and esteemed resident of Yankeetown, was born at Rockport, Ind., February 4, 1828, the second in a family of seven children born to Uriah and Delilah A. (Brown) Hartley, who were natives of Virginia. Mrs. Hartley, our subject's mother, came to what is Bow Rockport, Ind., with her parents, where she became a wife in 1824. In 1832 the family removed to Boonville, and from there, four years later, to Yankeetown, where the father engaged in blacksmithing two years. He then moved onto a farm, where he resided until his death in 1839. His widow afterward returned to Yankeetown, where she died in 1874. At the age of eleven years Daniel Hartley began to realize the necessities of life by being compelled to shoulder some of the responsibilities of the family, owing to his father's death. He found employment at three picayunes (18 cents) per day, which was afterward reduced to an equivalent of 9 cents per day. Thus it was he began life's battle on his own responsibility, but under such circumstances his education was neglected. February 24, 1852, he wedded Amanda Taylor, and nine children were born to them, these yet living : Anna, Henry H., Orin B., M. C.. Flora, Ollie and Etta. In 1862 Mr. Hartley began merchandising at Yankeetown, and at intervals has continued there until the present. From 1869 to 1874 he resided in Illinois. March 23, 1881, his wife died, after being the companion of his joys and sorrows for a period of twenty-nine years. As a Democrat Mr. Hartley has served his township as Trustee, and under President Johnson's administration acted as Postmaster at Yankeetown. Owing to his dealing in stock, to a greater or less extent, for the past thirty years, he has become one of the best known men of Anderson Township.

DAVID HEDGES (deceased), a pioneer of this county, is a son of Cyrus and Rachel (Little) Hedges, who were among the first families to settle in Anderson Township. He was raised in the primitive time when old fashioned log-schoolhouses with wide fire-places, stick-and-mud chimney and a long birch sprout were the facilities for an education ; when log rollings and coon huntings were every-day occurrences and where hard work was far more common than " resting," or rather "roosting" on dry goods boxes. Under such circumstances he grew to manhood, and, in 1832, he wedded Rachel Rhodes, and their union was blessed with a large family of children, those living being useful and respected citizens in their respective localities. Mr. Hedges was an unassuming citizen and a man well and favorably known for his upright, Christian life. A farmer by occupation, a Democrat in politics, a Baptist in religious faith, he died July 5, 1874, respected by all who knew him. The old homestead is the present abode of Mrs. Hedges and her son and daughter-in-law, Solomon and Mattie (Owens) Hedges.

WILLIAM HEDGES, a prominent citizen and farmer of Anderson Township and a native of the township where he now resides, was born October 20, 1833, the eldest of a large family born to David and Rachel (Rhodes) Hedges who were natives of Warrick County, Ind. The Hedges family formerly came from Virginia and first settled in what is now Boon Township, Warrick Co., Ind., about the year 1810. William was raised on a farm, receiving only a limited education in the schools of that early day, and November, 22, 1855, his marriage with Rhoda Selby was solemnized, and to them have been born three children: George Eugene, who married Belle Hartley, born September 13, 1856; Henry E., born August 9, 1860, and Nettie B., born November 6, 1872. Mr. Hedges has made farming his occupation through life and has been very successful, now owning a good farm of 196 acres. He is a Democrat in politics, and takes an active interest in the political affairs of his county and country. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CHARLES W. PYEATT, a native of Anderson Township, Warrick Co., Ind., was born June 20,1836, one of a family of eleven children born to Nathan and Martha Pyeatt, who were natives of Warren County, Ky., and Wabash County, Ill., respectively, their marriage having occurred at the latter place. Charles remained at home assisting his parents on the farm until twenty-five years old, receiving a good education. He attended but was unable to graduate from De Pauw University by reason of failing health. April 2, 1861, his marriage with Kate E. McKinney was solemnized and to their union four children have been born, these three yet living: James N., Charles M. and Gertie E., all at home with their parents. By occupation Mr. Pyeatt is a farmer, and has been very successful, now owning 160 acres of well improved land, and farms more on scientific principles than any one in the vicinity. He also pays considerable attention to raising fine stock, chiefly Duiham cattle and Carbean horses. He is a strong Democrat in politics and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CHARLES L. RHODES was born in Anderson Township, Warrick Co., Ind., April 11,1834, the second in a family of four children born to the marriage of Solomon and Mary (Hedges) Rhodes, who were also natives of this county. Henry Rhodes, grandfather of Charles L., was a soldier in the Revolutionary war and came to this State from Kentucky about the year 1810 and first settled in what was then called Darlington where Solomon Rhodes was born. Charles L. remained at home and assisted his parents on the farm until nineteen years old, receiving such education as the schools of that day afforded. November 18, 1853, his marriage with Nancy Johnson was solemnized and to them have been born eight children, these seven yet living: Viola (Mrs. Jacob Lang), John H., Kate S. (Mrs. William Carter), Robert R., Ida F., Johnson E. and Maude M. Mr. Rhodes has made farming his occupation through life and has made it a success. He owns at present 400 acres of well improved land and pays considerable attention to stock-raising. He has been County Commissioner one term, being elected by the Democratic party, is a member of the Masonic fraternity and he and wife are members of the General Baptist Church. His son, John H., is attending school at Valpariso, Ind., and will graduate in the classical course of the Northern Indiana Normal School in August, 1885.

PERRY TAYLOR, a descendant of Lewis Taylor, who was one of the earliest settlers of Warrick County, Ind., was born August 29, 1846, one of a family of ten children born to Hubbard and Mary A. (Bates) Taylor. By reason of poor eyesight he was restrained from receiving any but a limited education in youth. Hubbard Taylor was a native of Georgia, and came to this State in company with his parents in the year 1813. November 1, 1868, the marriage of Perry Taylor and Amanda Z. Barnett was solemnized, and to their union four children have been born, of whom these two are now living: Hubbard and Nathan, aged respectively thirteen and seven years. By occupation Mr. Taylor has always been a farmer, and has been very successful, at present owning 170 acres of land in this county and 160 acres in Kansas. He devotes his atten. tion principally to stock-raising. Mr. Taylor is a member of F. & A M., a Republican in politics, takes an active interest in all politic a aflfhirs, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church

DR. WESLEY WILSON is a native of Grayson County, Ky., born January 24, 1846, the second in a family of six children born to Vincent and Anna (Davis) Wilson. The mother died when Wesley was ten years old, and the father four years later, immediately after which he came to Indiana to live with his uncle, Henry McKinney, of Richland County, where he was raised and educated in the common schools of the country. February 24, 1862, he enlisted as musician in the Fifty-third Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served in that capacity until August 5, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Indianapolis. He was with Gen. Grant from Shiloh until the seige and evacuation of Corinth, at the surrender of Vicksburg, and with Gen. Sherman at Atlanta and in his march to the sea. After his return from the war he engaged in business at Richland in company with Joshua McKinney, and afterward went into partnership with Michael Wilhclmus, and continued the business there with different parties until 1870, when he commenced the study of medicine, which he pursued three years, during that time attending the Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis, and graduating from that institution February 26, 1873. In March of that year he located at Yankeetown, where he has since resided, having quite a successful and lucrative practice. January 3, 1867, his marriage with Sarah Shoptaugh was solemnized, and they are the parents of four children, three now living: Ida, Dalton and Pina. Mrs. Wilson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Dr. Wilson is a member of the Masonic fraternity, of Yankeetown Lodge, No. 446, and a stanch Republican in politics.

GREER TOWNSHIP.

HENRY A. BLECKMANN, a well-known citizen of Greer Township, was born July 1, 1854, the fourth son of Henry U. and Wilhelmina (Holtz) Bleckmann, both of whom were natives of Germany. The parents immigrated to the United States in 1833, and settled in the township, county and State where our subject now resides, and where they first began by purchasing forty acres of land. They afterward added to this by the usual German thrift and economy until they secured 330 acres of land, and here Mr. Bleckmann died December 1,1883, preceeded by his wife April 15, 1881, both members of the Lutheran Church. Henry A. secured a good common school education in youth, and when fifteen years old entered the dry goods and grocery house of F. & H. Holtz, of Evansville. as clerk, with whom he remained four years. For two years succeeding this he farmed, then began merchandising at Elberfeld, where he has since continued with success. Mr. Bleckmann was married August 27,1880, to Miss L. Bethe, daughter of Ferdinand and Wilhelmina (Kappei) Bethe, by whom he is father of Anna C., deceased, and Emma W. He is a Democrat in politics, and an enterprising and progressive citizen.

JOHN J. CRISWELL, one of Warrick County's leading farmers and merchants, is a native of the township and county in which he yet resides, born December 20, 1842, the second son in a family of fifteen children, eight having lived to years of maturity, born to William A. and Tabitha A. (Ross) Criswell. These parents were born Nov. 22, 1810, and September 13, 1817, respectively, and both are yet living at their home in Oakland City, Ind. John J. was reared and educated by his parents; when treason threatened the downfall of our country, he went to the front as one of the defenders, serving in Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, until he was honorably discharged in September. 1864. October 11, 1866, Miss Sarah E., daughter of Isaac E. and Elizabeth McSwane, became his wife, and seven children have blessed them, named Isaac E., William E., Florence E., Clarence (deceased), John Q., Ova E. and Tabitha B. For some time past Mr. Criswell has looked after the interests of his farm of eiirhty acres, besides attending to the duties of his country store. In politics he is a Republican. Mrs. Anna (Shackleford) Brown, his grandmother, is living at the advanced age of ninety years, and for one of that age is remarkably well preserved.

WILLIAM J. HEDGES, a native of Ohio County, Ky., was born August 12, 1833, the third son in a family of nine children—Frances, Richard P., James S., William J., Sarah E., Amelia A., Eliza J., John T. and Ellen L.—born to Peter and Sarah A. (Tanner) Hedges, who were natives of Kentucky, where they were married and from whence they moved to Illinois at an early day, thence to Warrick County, where their respective deaths occurred in 1872 and 1870. William J. Hedges is one of the well and favorably known men of Greer Township. He was reared to manhood by his parents, secured a fair education in youth, and selected farming as his vocation in life. He owns eighty-two acres of nicely-improved land, is a Democrat and a member of the F. & A. M. To his marriage with Miss Georgia Ann, daughter of Archibald and Matilda (Stone) Kiffer, which occurred October 20, 1857, eleven children have been born, named Milton, Walker, Matilda, Tastus, George, Zachariah. Josiah, Archibald, Cora, Jesse, and Bargia.

PETER MAGENHEIMER, M. D., since 1880 has been a resident of Elberfeld, where by diligence and success he has secured a comfortable and lucrative practice. As his name indicates, he is of German descent, his parents, Christian and Barbara (Voght) Magenheimer removing from Germany to the United States at an early day, and settling in Vanderburg County, Ind., where Peter was born December 8, 1850. Christian Magenheimer and wife were married in this country, and were the parents of eight children; the former died April 5. 1879, but his widow still survives him, aged sixty-one years. Dr. Magenheimer was reared by his parents to manhood, secured a fair education in youth, and when sixteen years old entered the Evansville Commercial College, which graduated him June 13, 1871. For the five succeeding years he was engaged in milling, but in 1877 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Victor Marchand. He attended the Evansville Medical College for a time, and February 27, 1880, graduated from the Medical Department of Butler University, situated at Indianapolis. May 18, 1880, he wedded Miss Sophia E. Marchand, his preceptor's daughter, and Victor H. and Bessie S. are the names of their two children. Dr. Magenheimer is a Republican, and he and wife belong to the Evangelical Church.

As contributed by Barb Ziegenmeyer, citing History of Warrick, Spencer, and Perry Counties, Indiana: Goodspeed Bros 1885

Page Updated: 19 October 2009

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