Grainger County, Tennessee
Biographies

James T. Shields
Notable Men of Tennessee -- transcribed by, Amanda Jowers

JUDGE JAMES T. SHIELDS, whose home was at Bean's Station, Grainger county, Tenn., was a native of Grainger county, where he was born Sept. 21, 1824. He was of Irish descent. His great-grandfather, William Shields, emigrated from the County Armagh, North of Ireland, and settled in Frederick City, Md., at an early day. He left a large family and a considerable estate for that time. The old family mansion is one of the landmarks of Frederick City, but is no longer in the family's possession. His grandfather, James Shields, moved to South Carolina and from there to Greene county. Tenn., being one of the first settlers of that county. He died Aug. 23, 1840, aged eighty-three years. He served as a captain in the Revolutionary war, was a farmer by occupation, and left a good estate. John Shields, Judge Shields' father, was a soldier in the war of 1812. He moved to Missouri when a young man, and while there was elected a member of the general assembly of that state, but owing to failing health he declined to serve and returned to Tennessee. He was a merchant and for some time engaged in this business at Bean's Station, where he married Mary, a daughter of Thomas Gill, a wealthy farmer of that neighborhood, and died Oct. 2, 1829, at the age of thirty-seven, leaving two children, James T. and Elizabeth. Judge Shields' uncles, David, Milton and Samuel Shields, were successful merchants and manufacturers. They established the Holston Paper Mills, at Marshall's Ferry, in what is now Hamblen county, the first paper mill in Tennessee. Another uncle, William Shields, was a wealthy farmer at Springfield. Mo., and one of his sons, James T., is a prominent lawyer of that place. Thomas Gill was a native of Yorkshire, England, where his father was a prominent land owner. He came to America, settled in North Carolina, but in a short time moved to East Tennessee, where he acquired the lands now held by his descendants, in 1806, and resided there the remainder of his life. He married Elizabeth Harrell, daughter of a distinguished Baptist preacher of Bertie county, North Carolina. Mrs. Shields, the mother of Judge Shields, after the death of her husband, resided with her father at Bean's Station for some years, sending her son to the best schools of that day. At the age of twenty-two Judge Shields commenced the study of law with Judge Robert M. Barton and Hon. William H. Sneed; was admitted to the bar in 1852 by Judge Robert McKinney, of the supreme court, and Judge Robert M. Anderson; established an office on his farm at Bean's Station, known as Clinchdale. and began the practice of law in Grainger and the adjoining counties. In his practice he met with remarkable success from the beginning, and was employed in a very large part of all the important litigation of his day in the county where he practiced. His clients came to his office on his farm to consult him. He at no time had an office elsewhere. He was a profound and learned lawyer, and had the faculty of presenting his views to courts and juries with great clearness and force; and was successful in the majority of the cases in which he appeared. From 1865 to 1873 he was associated in the practice with Col. John Netherland, one of the most eminent advocates that ever practiced in Tennessee. From 1880 until 1890 he was associated with his son, John K. Shields. In 1861 Judge Shields was elected to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States. This was followed by a nomination to the regular Congress, but he was unable to serve on account of bad health. The only part he ever took in politics was while canvassing in connection with these two offices. He was a Whig before the war, a "rebel" during the war and a Democrat afterward. In 1870 he was appointed special judge of the supreme court of Tennessee by Gov. D. W. C. Senter, and served through the session of that court held at Knoxville in that year. Upon the resignation of Judge Thomas A. R. Nelson, one of the judges of the supreme court, he was appointed by Gov. John C. Brown to fill the vacancy, but declined and recommended Hon. Robert McFarland, who was then appointed. When the arbitration court was organized, in 1879, for the relief of the congested docket of the supreme court, he was appointed by Gov. A. S. Marks one of the judges of this court, and again declined. His published opinions, delivered while sitting as special judge of the supreme court appear in volumes 1 and 2, Heiskell's Tennessee Reports, and are remarkably strong and clear statements of the law in the cases in which they were delivered. For a number of years previous to his death he was much interested in the management of his farm, Clinchdale, an estate consisting of about 3,700 acres, and devoted to the growing of grasses and breeding and selling of blooded cattle and sheep. In this business his son, W. S. Shields, was for a time interested with him. Judge Shields married Miss Aurelia Glenn, a daughter of Rev. Robert Glenn, of Tazewell, Tenn., May 11, 1848. She died in 1849, leaving one child, Mary Aurelia, who on growing to womanhood became the wife of W. D. Gammon, a prominent lawyer of Morristown, Tenn. He was again married, Dec. 8, 1852, to Miss Elizabeth Simpson, of Rogersville, Tenn. a daughter of William Simpson, a native of County Antrim, Ireland, and a prosperous merchant at Rogersville. Mrs. Shields' mother was Elizabeth Kane Simpson, who was also Irish. Mrs. Shields was educated at Salem, N. C., was a Presbyterian and a woman of extraordinary common-sense, excellent disposition and fine executive ability. Her husband, who was never physically strong and afflicted through much of his life with great nervous excitability, attributed much of what success he attained in life to her considerate and affectionate care and support. They had ten children. Three died in infancy. Those arriving at manhood were William S., John K., Robert G., James T., Samuel G., Joseph S. and Milton L. Shields. Judge Shields died Nov. 4, 1899, surviving his wife and all of his children, excepting his sons, William S., John K., Samuel G. and Joseph S. Shields. William S. Shields moved to Knoxville in 1890 and there established the City National bank, now one of the largest and leading financial institutions in the state, and of which he is now president. John K. Shields continues to reside upon the farm, Clinchdale. After his father retired from the practice, in 1893, he formed a partnership with Hon. R. E. L. Mountcastle, which continued until 1902. He was appointed chancellor of the twelfth chancery division of Tennessee, in 1893, without solicitation, by Governor Turney, and served nearly two years, when he returned to the practice. In 1902 he was elected one of the associate judges of the supreme court of Tennessee, and now holds that office. Samuel G. Shields is also a lawyer and has resided and prac- ticed his profession in Knoxville, Tenn., since 1889, where he has taken high rank as a corporation and commercial lawyer and commands a large and lucrative practice. For a number of years he was in partnership with Hon. John W. Green, but is now the senior member of the firm of Shields, Gates & Mounteastle. He was appointed to serve as special judge of the supreme court of Tennessee during the illness of Judge McAlister, one of the judges of that court, in 1899, and the opinions delivered by him appear in volume 19 of Pickle's Tennessee Reports. Joseph S. Shields is a wholesale merchant, engaged in business in the city of New York, where he is meeting with much success in his business.