ALMA CENTER

This village is on the edge of the vast prairie lands, which are only interrupted as they extend toward the Pacific Ocean by the Rocky Mountains. From Green Bay to Alma was uninterrupted forest, and the line is sharply defined; on the east, heavy timber, on the west, boundless prairie. The place was first settled about 1850. At this time, Peter Hall and his brother Thomas (from whom the creek was named), J. M. and E. W. Warren, with E. O. Jones, went into the lumber business, establishing mills with the Wright Brothers. The only avenue to market was the Black River. At first the lumber was hauled there, but the creek was subsequently improved as a highway to the Black. The village is well situated and in appearance in remarkable contrast, on account of the absence of stumps, with other villages to the east. 

Church.—The Methodist Church has had a foothold here for twenty-five years, but the society is just now building a church edifice. Rev. W. P. Hathaway is the pastor.

Schools.—There was formerly a graded school, but the house having burned, two were built, and they are in good condition.

Railroad—Green Bay, Winona & St. Paul; T. W. Stone, station agent. Amount received for freight forwarded, $1,000 per month; passenger fares, $50.

Post-office.—L. B. Johnson. Receipts, $30 a month.

Population about 300.

Business.—Wheat buyers—Mr. Cargill, with Joe Floren as agent.

Hardware—J. B. Miller & Bros, do an extensive business.

General merchandise—E. J. Chapman & Co.

Grocery—S. S. Avery.

Harness shop—Miller Bros.

Blacksmiths— George Hall, Harry M. Swain.

Cabinetmaker—W. Kenson.

Wagon shop—H. W. Northrop & Co.

Shoemaker—Ch. Hills.

Drugs and Medicines—F. Raymond.

Hotels.—Warren House—J. M. Warren, proprietor; Winfield Warren, clerk.

Alma Center House—Mr. Miller, Sr., proprietor.

Physician.—Dr. L. L. Crawford.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

HIXTON

This is a village of seventy-five inhabitants, on the railroad, and near the head waters of the Trempealeau River, about twelve miles west of Merrillan. It has a post-office, A. Clinton being in charge. There is a flouring-mill, built by Stewart & Hoffman, in 1874. It was purchased by George F. Seger, in 1878, who sold it to William T. Price, in 1880, who still operates the mill. It turns off forty barrels of fine flour each day, and has a capacity of twenty-five tons of feed. D. G. Thomas is miller. There was formerly another mill in the center of the village, but it was suffered to go to decay, and was finally removed to Sechlersville. 

In March, 1854, J. L. Hicks, Milton Buell, Adolphus Dart, and Wheeler Robbins arrived in what is now the village of Hixton, direct from Galesville. Robbins continued on to Minnesota, and Hicks, after camping out all night, erected a board shanty, 12 x 16 feet, in which he lived for some months, the first building erected in the town of Hixton. The same year came Abner Holmes, P. R. Hoffman, J. R. Sechler, I. B. Allen, and J. H. Berto, and in a short time the entire valley was converted into farms. The place was first settled in 1854. The persons coming here about that time were: J. L. Hicks, J. H. Berto, H. B. Newell, John Curran, Peter Hoffman, Joseph Hoffman, J. R. Sechler and Almer Holmes, and others later.

There is one church, the Congregational. It was organized and a church built under the charge of Rev. S. S. Norris, in 1875. After him, Rev. Henry Lee entered upon the work, and he still remains. There is a Sunday-school connected with the church.

Hotels—Railroad House—Joe D. Hoffman; Mrs. Hoffman, matron.

Seger House—George F. Seger, proprietor.

Trade.—O. F. Hoffman, general merchandise.

H. G. Newell, drugs, medicines and sundries.

Aaron Clinton, drugs and groceries.

Miss Mabel Rhodes, dressmaker.

Mrs. Van Waters, millinery.

Mr. Van Waters, printer.

Hixton Lodge, No. 254, I. O. O.F., instituted April 26, 1876 ; Thomas Willoughby, N.G.; Henry Hoffman, V. G.; A. Shauble, secretary. Present officers: Frank Newell, N.

G. ; George Dagetts, V. G. ; F. Larson, secretary. Meetings are held on Saturday nights, in a well furnished hall.

J. T. White is station agent. About $400 is received each month for freight forwarded, and $200 for freight received, and $50 for passengers.

Cheese Factory.—F. M. Richardson makes 40,000 pounds a season, charging one and a half cents a pound.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

MELROSE

Situated in Melrose Township, sixteen miles south of the Falls, is a thriving little suburb of 200 inhabitants and upward, with little beyond the natural beauties of the location to commend it to capitalists or mechanics. It is but a few years since that it was, so to speak, a backwoods clearing, hardly worth the name of hamlet. It was settled in 1839, by Robert, Thomas and William Douglas, a trio of the original party who first came into Jackson County for permanent settlement. They were the first of the army of homesteaders who have located from time to time in that portion of the county, but men of shrewdness and capacity, who have made success their goal and attained its realization.

For nearly six years these brothers remained alone in this section, engaged in opening farms and making such other improvements as occasion afforded, or convenience demanded. But in 1845, they were joined by Thomas Douglas, Sr., their father, who, accompanied by sisters, the late Mrs. O'Neill, of Neillsville, and Mrs. Wason, still living at the Falls, and Mark and David Douglas, younger brothers, landed at the farm of those who had preceded their arrival in the New World, from Scotland.

In 1852, Hugh Douglas conceived the idea of surveying and platting the present village, which he accomplished that year. There were then no improvements of any description, but before 1852 had fully waned, Mr. Douglas began the erection of a hotel, which was finished before Winter fairly set in, and for years under the name of the "Douglas House," was known to all who ever traveled in that direction. The name selected for the place was " Bristol," after the flourishing city of that name in England, which name was retained until, say 1854, when "Melrose" was substituted, and has since been borne.

Soon after the building of the Douglas House, David Douglas erected a residence within the present village boundaries, to which a blacksmith shop was added, the first in the place, and, with these improvements, Bristol, or more properly speaking, Melrose, enjoyed a quiet, uninteresting experience until 1854. During that year a school-house was erected near the village, and in this connection it may not be improper to observe the care that has always been taken in Jackson County, of the cause of education. Corresponding to the enterprise and indomitable energy in business affairs displayed by the early settlers, was their zeal in the cause of education and the advancement of religion; and it is safe to state that a larger per cent of cultured minds and well-educated people were found among the early settlers of this county than usually falls to the lot of new Western settlements. This was the first school established in Melrose Township, and served its purpose until succeeded by the new school-house, in about 1870.

In 1855, Charles Chaffee located at Melrose, and erected the grist mills now owned and operated by Mark Douglas; the same year Sullivan White, Jacob Johnson and Henry Richards were added to the population. They built a saw-mill one mile east of the village site, and for several years conducted a successful lumber business. A period was put to their prosperity, however, in 1860, by the burning of the mill, which has never been rebuilt.

During the war there were no arrivals or improvements of importance. A post-office had been established in the village four years previous, and with the buildings mentioned, constituted the improvements completed up to that time, except the establishment of a store by Joseph and Julius Maddock, about 1862. It was located in an old building, put up by B. S. Brewer, and the first store in the village, so remaining until about 1870, when the Newland family appeared on the ground, and compelled a division of the patronage by the Maddock Brothers. In 1870, the old hotel was destroyed by fire, and the same year B. S. Brewer erected one to supply its absence, that was regarded as superior in many respects for the time and place. The school-house also was erected this year, and the Methodist church, the Baptist edifice having been completed some years prior. The only improvement that has been made in latter years, has been a handsome dwelling house by B. S. Brewer, the re-building of the mill by Mark Douglas, and some other accommodations of less moment and at a limited expense.

Melrose is, as stated above, a thrifty country hamlet, in communication with Black River Falls and La Crosse, by stage, and boasts of upward of 200 inhabitants. It has three stores, two church edifices, two blacksmith and wagon shops, two hotels and a grist-mill. It is handsomely situated, and possesses an abundance of attractions as a place of residence, and some advantages in a business point of view. Melrose Mills were erected in 1855, by Charles Chaffee, at which time they were 46x54, three stories high, of frame, supplied with two run of stone, and cost about $4,000. Mr. Chaffee operated the business successfully until 1871, when on the 4th of July of that year, they were disposed of to Mark Douglas, for a consideration of $8,000. The latter made additions and improvements at a heavy expense, increased the capacity to three run of stone, and has been since conducting this investment as a custom mill. The capacity of the mills is stated at one hundred barrels of flour daily, and their value at $15,000.

The Methodist Society was organized at an early day, before churches or school-houses were nearly as plentiful as at present. At first, services, at odd intervals, as circuit riders happened along, were held in private residences, and when the school-house was built, in that edifice, the conference being annually convened in the barn of Mark Douglas. In about 1870, the present church edifice was erected at a cost of say $2,500, and has since been occupied. The present number of members of the congregation is seventy-five, and services are conducted every Sunday by the Rev. James T. Bryan.

The Baptist Society, too, is of early date, and the experience of this sect in Melrose is similar to that of every clerical effort begun in a new country. The present church was built in 1867, at an expense of $2,500, but until the present writing, services have been irregular, owing to the uncertainty of the supply. Recently, however, this embargo was removed by the appointment to the pulpit of the Rev. L. G. Catchpole, who is stationed at Black River Falls, but preaches in Melrose alternate Sundays. The present congregation numbers forty communicants.

The first school in the vicinity of Melrose village was erected in 1854, at which time teachers were less numerous than pupils. Here the young idea was inducted into the mysteries and miseries of primary and advanced education by Mrs. Mary Merrill and others until 1870. During that year the present school-house was built, $2,000 being paid therefor. Since this event, Melrose has supported a graded school, employing two teachers and contributing $600 to the payment of expenses. The average daily attendance has been forty-five, during 1880, when the School Board was composed of J. H. Willard, director; V. B. Newland, treasurer, and D. J. Aller, clerk.

The Post office was first located in Melrose when the same was called Bristol, in 1854. Mark Douglas was appointed Postmaster and served successfully for a period of ten years. In 1858, the office was removed to Melrose village, where it still remains. Mr. Douglas was in turn succeeded by B. S. Brewer, Jacob Johnson, V. B. Noonan, and D. J. Aller at present in charge. Mails east and west are tri-weekly.

The Cemetery is located one and a half miles from the village, where it was removed in 1860 (from its former location on Black River), by an association organized in 1860, and under whose care the cemetery grounds still continue to be.

Melrose Lodge, No. 300, I. O. O. F., was chartered October 1, 1880, with five members and the following officers: Charles Warren, N. G.; E. H. Polleys, V. G.; B. H. Newland, secretary, and A. D. Polleys, treasurer. The present officers are: E. H. Polleys, N. G.; V. M. Newland, V. G.; A. D. Polleys, secretary, and B. F. Thompson, treasurer. The lodge now has twenty-five members, and meetings are held weekly on Wednesday evenings.

Melrose Lodge, No. 222, I. O. G. T., was organized January 12, 1865, with forty-nine members and the usual officers. The present officers are: A. K. James, W. C. T.; Delia Millard, W. V. T.; W. Sims, Mary Beach and Mark Beach, secretaries ; Mrs. J. A. Johnson, W. T.; Rev. J. T. Bryan, W. C; John Nimmo, W. S., and H. C. Sims, P. W. C. T. Meetings are convened weekly on Wednesday evenings, and the number of members is stated at seventy-eight.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

SECHLERSVILLE

This village is one mile west of Hixton, on the railroad. The place was settled by J. R. Sechler and others, soon after Hixton, as a rival village. It is on the river, and has a good water-power.

Business.—A flouring-mill, owned by J. R. Sechler, who also has a store with general merchandise.

J. H. Lounsbury, general merchandise and farming implements.

Blacksmiths—James Babcock, Henry Hartman.

Wagon Shop and Furniture—George Raas.

Shoemaker—John Johnson.

There is a good school-house and a good school.

Churches.—Presbyterian. Organized in 1862, by Rev. J. G. Wells, with seven members, who is still pastor. The church was finished in 1879; numbers fifty members. Methodist.—The church was built in 1863. This society was early in the field, and the following ministers are remembered as having labored here : Revs. Mr. Cody Webster, Woolley, Cooley, Cummings, Woods, Mead, Holt, Springer, Nichols, Taylor, Chariton, Richardson and the present pastor, William E. Doughty.

Sechlersville Lodge, No. 301, I. O. O. F., organized Sept. 15,1881. Charter members: S. H. Van Gordon, N. G.; G. M. Hull, V. G.; F. M. Taylor, secretary: R. W. Upton, treasurer. Monday evening, Sechler's store. Twenty members.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

BLACK RIVER FALLS

The settlement of Black River Falls as a village is so closely allied with that of Jackson County that it is difficult to describe the line of demarkation which divides the one from the other. It was here that the first landing-place was made by adventurous men thirty-two years ago in search of homes and wealth. It was here that a few years later, woman came to shed her blessed influence, to encourage, console and assist the opposite sex in their pursuit of these objects. Here her life was like a Summer's day, made up of bright things only. Here, amid the warm depths of asure skies where merry birds afloat on waves of sunshine poured out their sweetest songs, she baptized the world in which she lived with melody. Here she walked with morning in the dewey paths that led through nature's fairest haunts; here she laid her hand on all things loveablc. Where meadow-lands now lie basking in the sun; where clover blossoms shake their fragrance out on every passing breeze, flavoring the air with sweetness and delight, she was want to go. Where laughing brook leaps from its shady hiding place, low nestled in among cool grasses growing in the dusky woods, where lilies leaned their wondering faces over the brink, where weeping willows trailed their slender hands within the wave and then went loitering along its winding way, babbling music as it went, her footsteps could be traced. Her influence was everywhere for good, and today her works do follow after. After all, her life was not a dreary Summer's day, but when she laid aside her weary task and out across the "all golden afternoon." she walked on and on into her Father's open arms, there fell upon her brow the sister kiss of Heaven's happiest angel. God bless those pioneers, men and women who left an heritage of priceless value.

The village, with a population of 500 in 1860, now boasts of 2,000. It is situated at the Rapids of Black River, the capital of the county and one of the foremost towns of Northern Wisconsin. The business portion of the village is on a plateau, twenty feet above the river, while the courthouse, high-school, churches and residences are on a commanding table-land 100 feet above the river bank. On the opposite side of the river grand ridges of trap rock are to be seen, surrounded with weird rocky castles and towers that command the loveliest landscapes for miles in every direction. The musical murmuring of waters breaking the river's rocky bed is an appropriate accompaniment to the wilderness of scenery that surrounds this beautiful village. Farther out are long ranges of wooded hills and charming intervening valleys. No weariness can come to one's sense of sight or sound in a land like this, where sound is full of rhythm and every scene a poem. If there are those who are indifferent to the spectacle and sigh for what they have not, they forget that in what they have there is enough of beauty to fill the measure of a fully rounded life.

"History," says an old authority, "is the record of wrecked deeds and misfortunes," and the experience of residents at Black River Falls for the first half of the decade beginning at 1860 would seem to confirm the truth of this apothegmatic assumption. By this time the village was, in form and appearance, rapidly becoming metropolitan in appearance. The original town plat had been laid out as early as 1854, by Price & Rublee, and was followed by that of Jacob Spaulding, W. L. Mason, D. J. Spaulding, J. Coleman, J. Stickney, Knapp & McLaughlin and Knapp & Williamson. Water street was compactly built, the improvements, however, in the light of subsequent events, proving to be the sources of almost infinite ruin. Main street, too, from Water to Mason streets, was equally as pleasing to the eye of the visitor and resident, and Main street, too, paid tribute to the flames while yet the year was young. On the table land to the rear of the village center, private residences, surrounded by yards in which Flora and good taste combined, began to appear at briefer intervals, while beyond were soberer realms, wherein, during the russet season of the year, the dull thunder of alternate flails sent down the air a greeting to the mills as they ground their grists. All nature smiled upon the scene, and the cunning hand of man adapted itself to the building up and decorating what, in those days, promised to outstrip its youth and attain manhood as a thriving, wealthy city. This was the condition of affairs on the morning of the 19th of March, 1860, when the hand of the incendiary touched the business portion of the town with the torch of assassination, and in one night laid seven-eighths of the village in ashes. The fire began in a bowling alley, on Main street, near the present site of the Red Store, and driven in all directions by the hurricane of wind that was blowing, swept everything before it. No one can realize the horrors of that night, nor the scene of gloom which greeted the gaze of citizens with the dawn of day, when the sun, peeping through the daze and smoke and desolation that was heaped up full and running over, on places that but twelve hours previous rejoiced in the evidences of man's handiwork. Every house on Water street, and every house on Main street, except the Popham Hotel and the building opposite, now occupied by P. Roddy, was burned, and the territory thence to the river was devoted to vacancy. The guilty party was never apprehended, though his identity was believed to have been established. It was asserted that the crime grew out of the troubles between Spaulding and the Woods, relative to title to the property burned over, and that the author of this destruction received $10,000 for the part he played in the action thus instituted to quiet title. He remained here but a short time after the event, and when last heard of was residing somewhere in Minnesota. 

Notwithstanding this fearful blow to the business interests, nearly all the sufferers manifested a disposition to rebuild. A new survey of the village plat was made, by which new streets were laid out, and those already appropriated improved by widening and lengthening. The effects of the fire were contrary to what it was anticipated they would be. A new start was taken, and the village seemed, Antaeus like, to gather strength with defeat. Newcomers, with brains and capital to consult their direction, came to the front, and the " burnt district " was speedily rebuilt with a new and better class of structures, while improvements at a distance from the scene of the conflagration were of a superior order. Business renewed its vitality and grew in strength with each succeeding day, and the population kept pace with the times, until, on January 1, 1861, 1,000 inhabitants were claimed for Black River Falls.

Then came the war, and an age intervened when the graces and amenities of civilized life were ignored for the signal sounds of strife and battle's magnificently stern array. A large delegation was taken from the village to serve in all branches of the army, the first year of the struggle, and each succeeding levy gradually drained the vicinity of very much of the enterprise and public spirit which had come in and manifested its presence by works in later years. As a consequence, improvements for the period between the firing upon Fort Sumter and the surrender at Appomattox were neither numerous, costly nor architecturally elaborate. The same is to be remembered with reference to the advent of future citizens, neither were they numerous or valuable, save, of course, in exceptional instances. The village, as will be readily conceded, escaped remarkable growth or development. This continued for the ensuing ten years almost without variation. In 1872, some limited building was undertaken, and during this " spurt " of progress a court-house and jail were built upon the first bench or table land on Main street, going west from the river; also, a school-house, with accommodations for seventy pupils. This was a creditable undertaking, but the county buildings, which cost $2500, are represented as having been decidedly "off," particularly the jail. This was made of pine plank bolted together, and the price paid for it, $300, was, considering its deficiencies, regarded as a piece of outrageous extravagance. Its accommodations were so ridiculously insufficient that the major portion of the prisoners refused to remain, leaving during the night through the side of the building, a window, or by lifting the door from its hinges. The grand juries used occasionally to inveigh against it, but the jail remained intact, so far as its substitution was concerned, until the erection of the present edifice, in 1878.

After the war, the accessions to the population were gradual. There was no rush to the village, as might have been anticipated with regard to Black River Falls, and was realized in other parts of the West. Occasionally a building went up, but in every instance was of frame, and it was not until some years later that brick became a substitute, though it is now coming into more general use. The second plateau contained, it is estimated, about a dozen residences. Since then, that locality has been resolved into a village of tasteful, elegant homes. Indeed, what has been quoted in connection with the growth of the county applies equally to the village. Some came in, it is true; but few remained, and those few have led lives both devoid of enterprise and prominence. There was always in the Spring and Fall a floating population of lumbermen, raftsmen, etc., but none of them stayed beyond the period of service in the lumber regions, or sufficiently long in the village to acquire the rights of citizenship. In 1865, Drs. B. J. Baxter and H. B. Cole settled at the Falls, and began the practice of medicine. They were followed during the succeeding year by J. W. and F. W. Cole, who established a drug house under the firm name of J. W. Cole & Co. They also engaged in the jewelry business, and take the lead in their line of specialties. In the latter year, the village was duly incorporated by an act of the Legislature, the Town Supervisors being ex officio Village Trustees. Since its organization there would be no extravagance in the statement, that a better governed or more orderly community, or a locality where there is less crime committed by the same number of people on any lumbering stream in the State. The people decided some years ago to prohibit the sale of liquors in the village, and this prohibition has worked an infinite good.

Crime is an unknown quantity and inebriates unknown factors in the make-up of life at the Falls. Poverty is nowhere apparent, but in its stead the smiling face of thrift and prosperity is seen in the homes of citizens. To no one are the citizens more obligated for this condition of affairs than to Hon. William T. Price, who has labored with all the zeal of a nature enlisted forever in the cause of temperance.

In 1868, the Universalist Church was completed, and in 1869, the precedent thus established was availed of by the Baptists to erect a house of worship. In the former year D. J. Spaulding erected a block of brick buildings on South Water street, adjoining Town Creek, comprising three stores below and a hotel above, known as the "Spaulding House." It was the first brick structure in the village, and cost $25,000; in 1870 it went up in smoke by the hands of an incendiary, but was rebuilt the same year on a larger and more extended scale after an outlay of $30,000. It still stands, one of the largest and most attractive blocks in the western tier of Wisconsin counties. The ground floor is used for commercial purposes and there are but few stores in the State more conveniently arranged or generously furnished.

Two years previous the foundry of T. C. Hussey was established, since when the manufacturing resources of the village have been liberally cultivated and largely developed. The most important and interesting event of this period, however, was the railroad celebration, consequent upon the completion to the Falls of the West Wisconsin Railroad. It occurred in December, 1868, and was appropriately recognized as an episode in the life of the town. To Judge Price belongs the credit of this enterprise, as much at least as any other man, who was instrumental in procuring the needed legislation, right of way and county aid necessary to secure the building of the road, and his active exertions were in part recognized by the stockholders who elected him president of the corporation. The next year Bump's, or the Masonic Block, was erected on Main street. It is of brick, quite commodious, and an ornament to the thoroughfare upon which it stands. The ground floor is occupied for commercial purposes, the second floor for halls and offices and the third story is the Masonic hall. Originally the second floor was devoted to hall uses, with a capacity for seating an audience of 400, but this was subsequently altered to supply other needs. The building cost $30,000.

In 1870 occurred the Spaulding block fire, as already cited, and in the Winter the village authorities organized a fire department, at the same time contracting for the Holly system of water works, since the completion of which, has been, twice, without doubt, saved from destruction by flames. To this improvement should be added the completion and dedication of the Presbyterian Church, and as the the years advanced a spirit of progress in harmony with the times has seemed to possess the citizens utterly. A superior class of buildings, where buildings have gone up, has been the rule, and private residences, equal to those to be seen in more pretentious municipalities, with surroundings of a character in which city and country have been happily blended, have taken the place of rude structures, the primitive times of the village gave birth to. The same year the high-school, unsurpassed by that of any other village in Wisconsin of equal wealth and population, was built, and the advantages in an educational sense here offered are nowhere superior. It is three stories high, of imposing design, and being located on one of the most commanding sites in the village, is the first building at the Falls to attract the eye of the stranger.

These evidences of enterprise on the part of the village inspired citizens to renewed exertions, and as a consequence, the Albion Mills, Spaulding's carriage factory and planning mill, with other undertakings of a similar character, were conceived and brought forth. Business continued to grow in volume, logging and milling were carried on with increased vigor, capital was made to pay tribute by investments and other features of excellence were visible at nearly every point within a radius of several miles of the Falls. The schools, manufactories, and residences were supplemented by the erection of the Catholic Church, and this by the advent of men of intellect and brain who " came to stay," adding their mite to the general fund of intelligence and enterprise, and soon taking rank with those advanced in the professional, commercial, mechanical and other walks of daily life. The Banner after nearly twenty years of undivided possession of the journalistic field yielded that possession in its entirety to a new venture in the newspaper world of Black River Falls. That venture was the Independent, established about 1876, by F. C. Ankeny, and now owned and controlled by Byron J. Castle. Latterly the twain welcomed the advent of the Democrat, introduced by J. F. Hollister, and since 1880, a trinity of political creeds have severally sought recognition and patronage.

Among the principal arrivals for the past decade, were: A. C. Farnsworth and H. M. Thompson, attorneys; W. R. O'Hearn, banker; F. C. Ankeny, B. J. Castle and T. F. Hollister, representatives of the Fourth Estate ; E. F. Long, dentist; J. R. Chapman, Samuel Freeman, Henry Lake and Jacob Popham, hotel proprietors; A. E. Sawyer, H. Nelson, N. A. Botcheller and W. J. Thompson, merchants; J. A. Eckern, jeweler; A. Mohnsen and S. Nomdahl, tailors, with others of various trades and occupations added. All have located at the Falls permanently, and all have made improvements of a substantial and in some cases expensive character. During the past ten years much has been accomplished in nearly every direction to indicate the mettle of men who have contributed to the promotion of the growth and development of the Falls. The village bears the impress of their labors and the country round about rejoices in the results of their handiwork. Public highways have been opened and rendered perfect so far as industry and public demand required; elegant churches and school buildings, first finding expression in the village, are duplicated all over the county, and all the elements of progress, comfort, convenience and the refinements of Christian civilization are cultivated to the highest standard. 

Within five years a handsomely arranged building of brick for banking purposes has been completed, also an opera house, or hall for the accommodation of dramatics, lecturers, fairs, fetes and the like, has been completed. It is located on Main street in the most central portion of the village, is one story high, easy of access, furnished with stage, scenery, etc., and will comfortably seat an audience of over 300.In conclusion it can no less than be conceded that the Falls and Jackson County, the interests of which are inseparable, offer inducements to become part of their being. There is free scope for all energies, advantages which can not be monopolized by the few are open to all, and the opinion is ventured that when these facts are more generously disseminated among those who are seeking eligible sites for homes in the West, the reapers who will rejoice at the bountiful harvest, will increase beyond reasonable anticipation.

Educational - The first school taught in Jackson County was in a frame addition to Spaulding's boarding-house during the Summer of 1847. C. R. Johnson was the pedagogue, and he prepared the way for the future instruction of fourteen pupils, the sons and daughters of settlers in the embryo village. Mr. Johnson remained one term, when he joined the army of invasion of Mexico, and scholastic exercises were suspended until his return in 1850, when he resumed operations in a log house on the bottom. The next school was a frame one, near the corner of Mason and Brainard streets, still standing at the corner of Second and Brainard, occupied as a residence by Anton Cuber. This was used until 1858, when I. S. Mason erected a two-story school-house on Mason street, two blocks above Main street. This building cost $1,000, but is now occupied as a Norwegian boarding-house. In the meantime, the village was divided into two districts, and about 1860, additional accommodations being necessary, another school edifice was built at the corner of Jefferson and Eighth streets. In 1871, the districts were consolidated and the present brick structure commenced. The same was completed and ready for occupation in December of the year in which its foundations were laid. It is of brick, 60 x 80, three stories high, with a mansard roof. It was designed by W. H. J. Nicholls, of La Crosse, and built under the supervision of William Van Hoosear, of Black River Falls. The cost of the site, building and furnishing was $30,000. The building is divided into eight departments, viz.: kindergarten, first and second primary, first and second intermediate, first and second grammar, and high, furnishing employment to nine teachers and enjoying an average annual attendance of 350 scholars. The cost of conducting the school is estimated at $5,000 per annum, and the present Board is made up of C. F. .Ainsworth, Director; H. B. Cole, Treasurer; and R. C. Jones, Clerk.

Black River Falls Library Association was established late in the '60's, when it was known as the Young Men's Literary Association, with a library of 500 volumes. The society was re-organized October 14, 1872, with J. C. Hussey, president; W. S. Barrow, vice-president; and E. LeClaire, secretary. Since that date, books have been added to the library from time to time until now there are 1,600 volumes. Residents of the village enjoy access to the library, which is supported by a tax of one mill per annum on the taxable property of Black River Falls. The present officers are: C. R. Johnson, president ; B. J. Castle, secretary and librarian; also a Board of nine directors, elected annually. The library property is valued at $3,500. The Black River Falls Dramatic Society was organized August I, 1881, with twelve members. The object is a Winter's entertainment, but at present writing no officers have been elected.

The Fire Department was organized May 20, 1872, when W. S. Darrow was elected foreman, J. W. Dewey, assistant foreman and Milo Merrill, secretary. The department originally embraced a hose company, to which, however, a hook and ladder organization was subsequently added, an engine house erected, and sufficient apparatus obtained to promise security against the ravages of what has proved to have been an implacable foe to the growth and progress of Black River Falls. The department now numbers thirty members, officered as follows: F. Bartlet, foreman; A. Errickson and C. K. Schenk, assistants; W. J. Thompson, secretary; and J. B. Elmore, treasurer. Department property is valued at $3,000. Water is supplied by the Holly system.

Religious.— Methodist Episcopal Church.— In 1847, about fifteen citizens of Black River Falls united their efforts for the purpose of building a church and parsonage. The logs were cut and arrangements completed, by which an edifice, 16 x 20, was erected the same season. It was completed after considerable trouble, but not until Hon. W. T. Price took the matter in hand, and put on all the necessary finishing touches. The Rev. Mr. Wood was the first minister, and was followed by a Mr. Snow, the Rev. Jesse Pardner and others. In 1856, the society became strong enough to erect a new edifice, and the present church building, of frame, 30 x 40, with a capacity for seating a congregation of 400, was built on Terrace street. In 1863, this house of worship was re-modeled and improved, and is to-day one of the most convenient and accessible church edifices in the village. The present congregation numbers about 100, and the Rev. Elbridge Bradford is the pastor in charge. Presbyterian Church was first organized as the Congregational Church by Rev. Warren Bigelow, in 1855. In 1858 the little church now occupied by the Episcopalians was completed and occupied. In 1862, Mr. Bigelow removed to Minnesota, and the history of the Presbyterian Church begins from this date. The latter was organized by a committee of the Presbytery of Chippewa, and the Rev. Joseph G. Wells assumed charge. The present church edifice on Main street was commenced in 1867 and dedicated in November, 1870, the Rev. J. H. McNally, of Winona, preaching the sermon. From March to August, 1873, the church pastorate was vacant, but in the latter year the Rev. D. B. Jackson was formally installed the first regular minister the society had employed. At present the church is without a pastor, though services are held at intervals by transients. St. Albans Protestant Episcopal Church was first organized in 1 871, through the efforts of the Rev. Mr. Dorsett, pastor of the diocese of La Crosse. The following year, the society purchased the Congregational Church edifice on Main street, and for some time after was in a prosperous condition. This continued until about 1873, when the organization lapsed and so continued until 1877, when its reorganization was effected by the Rev. W. H. H. Ross, and has yearly grown in strength and importance. The present members number twenty, and services are held alternate Sundays, morning and evening. First Baptist Church was organized August 15, 1858, at a meeting of the sect, convened at the residence of J. L. Loomis, when twelve members signed the roster, and P. Brown was elected deacon, with J. L. Loomis clerk of the society. Services were first held in the residences of members and so continued until 1868, when the present church on Main street, west of the Court-house, was completed at a cost of $1,500, and taken possession of. At present, the society has thirty-eight members and belongs to the La Crosse Valley Baptist Association, with the Rev. D. G. Catchpole, pastor. Universalist Church.—The Universalist Society of Black River Falls was informally organized in the Fall of 1869, when the church edifice was built. In the Spring of 1870, the organization was perfected, with ten members, through the efforts of the Rev. Mr. Donley. Since that date until January 1, 1881, the church has been active, with a regular pastor and numerous congregation. At present, there is neither pastor nor regular services. The church property s valued at $1600. Norwegian Lutheran Church.—The society which became the nucleus of this Church organization was gathered together in 1867, under the auspices of the Rev. Mr. Frick, of La Crosse, and consisted of six families. For years the members worshiped in unoccupied churches and the schoolhouse, but, in 1876, erected the present church edifice at a cost of $3,000. Since then it has been occupied by the congregation, which now numbers eighteen families, on alternate Sabbaths. The present pastor is the Rev. H. Hokonson, and the value of church property is placed at $3,500. The Auxiliary Bible Society of Black River Falls was first organized in 1854, but re-organized, and a constitution adopted December 8, 1865, with branches at Manchester, Irving, Melrose, Huxton, Alma, Green Valley, North Bend and Merrillan. The first officers were D. J. Spaulding, president; F. O. Brainard, vice-president; J. A. Watrous, secretary, and R. C. Bryant, treasurer; W. T. Price, J. R. Hoffman and S. F. S. Wason, directors. Since that date, the society has to some extent lapsed, and at present is regarded as enduring a passive existence. The officers now are J. C. Hussey, president ; D. J. Spaulding, vice-president; H. L. Cutts, secretary, and W. C. Jones, treasurer. H. C. Arnold, Joseph Winter and W. T. Murray, directors. Black River Falls Roman Catholic Church was organized, it is believed, during the year 1857, through the labors of the Rev. Father Kerrigan, a devout minister of the faith, formerly from Eau Claire. Services were held at occasional intervals in the private residences of members of the society, until 1871, when the present church edifice was erected at a cost of $1,600. Since that day the mission has increased in numbers, and is now one of the largely attended places of worship in the village. Services are now conducted semi-monthly by the Rev. Father Morse, and the congregation is composed of fifty families.

Societies.—Black River Lodge, No. 74, A. F. & A. M., was chartered June 12, 1856, with nine members, and officers as follows: E. S. Crossett, W. M.; W. T. Price, S. W. and J. R. Crossett, J. W. Since that date the membership has increased to seventy, and the lodge is in a highly satisfactory condition. The present officers are J. J. McGillivray, W. M.; W. C. Arnold, S. W.; C. F. Ainsworth, J. W.; G. M. Perry, S. D.; W. C. Jones, J. D.; T. B. Elmore, secretary, and John H. Mills, treasurer. Meetings are held on the first and third Friday evenings of each month. Black River Falls Lodge, No. 41, R. A. M., was organized January 18, 187 1, by the election of C. C. Pope, H. P.; H. B. Cole, king, and W. S. Darrow, scribe. The present officers are A. LeClaire, H. P.; H. B. Cole, king, and Samuel Freeman, scribe. The present members are stated at sixty, and meetings are convened semi-monthly, on the second and fourth Friday evenings. Black River Falls Council, No. 40, was instituted February 24, 1881, and has but few members at present, with the following officers: A. LeClaire, T. I. M.; H. B. Cole, D. M., and Samuel Freeman, P. C. W. Albion Lodge, No. 134, I. O. O. F., was chartered January 16, 1868, with full membership and the following officers: H. J. Holmes, N. G.; George C. Perry, V. G.; D.W. C. Osborn, R. S.; E. O. Jones, P. S., and A. Le Claire, treasurer. The lodge has prospered, both in numbers and influence, and is now the leading lodge of the order in Jackson County. The present members number fifty, and the officers are Charles Erdnian. N. G.; David Barclay, V. G.; J. H. Edmonds, secretary, and Charles C. Wason, treasurer. Meetings are held weekly, on Wednesday night, and lodge property is valued at $500. Barnett Encampment, No. 26, I. O. O. F., was instituted January 19, 1869, at which date the following officers were selected: O. O. Hearn, C. P.; S. W. Bowman, H. P.; H. J. Holmes, S. W.; E. O. Jones, J. W.; F. H. Allen, scribe; and A. Le Claire, treasurer. The present officers are George F. Cooper, C. P.; G. H. Monish, H. V.; Charles Erdman, S. W.; J. P. Crosby, J. W.; L. L. Dimmick, scribe, and Charles Erdman, treasurer. The encampment now contains fourteen members. Meetings are held semi-monthly, on the second and fourth Wednesdays, and the property of the order is valued at $300. Victoria Lodge, No. 29, I. O. O. F., was chartered November 23, 1879, but is not in active operation. Albion Lodge, No. 62, Temple of Honor, was chartered July 19, 1876, with fifteen members, and organized immediately by the election of D. T. Lindley, W. C. T.; G. H. Perkins, W. V. T.; N. A. Batcheller and S. G. Sharpless, secretaries; D. B. Jackson, W. T.; Rev. G. Haigh, chaplain ; G. F. Cooper, usher; F. Cooper, W. C. Jones and John Parsons, trustees. The present members number fiftysix. Meetings are held on Monday evenings of each week, and the officers are B. E. Wheeler, W. C. T.; D. Barclay, W. V. T.; C. M. Hobart and Frank Johnson, secretaries; George F. Cooper, W. T.; J. C. Hussey, W. C. ; S. Samdahl, W. U.; J. C. Hussey, D. T. Lindleyand, G. W. Miller, trustees. Lodge property is valued at $200. Independence. Lodge, No. 149, I. O. G. T., was chartered May 9, 1873, with twelve charter members. At the organization, J. A. Van Schaick, was elected W. C. T.; Mrs. C. J. Cooper, W. V. T.; C, J. Cooper and D. J. Lindley, secretaries; Rev. J. D. Tull, W. C.; Mrs. J. A. Van Schaick, W. T., and Benjamin Franklin, marshal. The present membership is twenty-five. Meetings are held weekly, on Tuesday evenings, and the officers are George F. Cooper, W. C. T.; Miss Josephine Lindley, W. V. T.; Mrs. D. T. Lindley and F. A. Parsons, secretaries; Edward Emerson, W. T.; Mrs. F. Simpson, chaplain, and J. A. Johnson, marshal. Hope Temple, No. 142, Juvenile Templars, was chartered April 26, 1878, and was for a time quite prosperous. Latterly, however, it is comparatively inactive.

Manufacturing.—Spaulding's Planning Mill, erected by D. H. Spaulding in 1872, at a cost of $15,000, is located near the bridge across Town Creek, on the Johnson street extension, and is one of the most complete in every respect of the manufacturing establishments in this portion of the State. The venture is supplied with machinery for the framing of sash, doors, blinds, etc., and was operated by its founder for many years very successfully. In October, 1879, J. J. McGillivray secured possession as lessee, and has since been conducting the establishment. He employs a total of twelve men, at a weekly compensation of $144, and does a business of about $12,000 per annum. The investment is considered worth $25,000. Hussey & Wheeler's Foundry and Machine Shop is located on Mason street, adjoining Town Creek, where it was established by J. C. Hussey, in 1866. Within five years, his business became extended, and he was compelled to erect a stone building for molding purposes. In 1879, A. Wheeler became a partner in the venture, and so continues. The firm do a general foundry and machine business, employ five men at a weekly salary of $42, and turn out work estimated at $10,000 per annum. The investment is rated at $20,000. Black River Falls Brewery, the oldest of its kind in the county, is located on Spring street, where it was established in 1856, by Ulrich Oderbolz. The same year, he erected the frame building still used for brewing purposes, at a cost of $5,000, and has since made improvements as necessity

demanded. He employs two hands, manufactures 500 barrels of beer, and does a business of $4,000 per annum. Albion Mills are located on Black River, north of the village and contiguous to Town Creek, and were erected in May, 1871, through the enterprise of J. D. Spaulding. The building is of frame, 52x102, four stories high, and was completed at a cost of $30,000. Originally, they were supplied with four run of stone, but in 1873 three run of stone were added, making the capacity 125 barrels of flour in twenty-four hours. In 1876, J. G. Heaton assumed charge of the enterprise, and has since conducted the same. He employs six men, at a weekly compensation of $150; and furnishes the market with the "Albion Cap Sheaf" and " Snow-flake " brands of flour. The investment represents a valuation of $75,000.

Jackson County Bank is located on Main street, in Bowman's building, and is regarded as one of the most substantial financial corporations in the Northwest. The bank was duly organized, under the laws of Wisconsin, on January I, 1877, with a capital of $50,000, and the following officers : W. T. Price, president; H. B. Mills, vice-president; W. R. O'Hearn, cashier, and J. H. Mills, assistant cashier. In December, 1876, the directory purchased Bowman's building, which has since been occupied by the Bank, which has not changed its officers since their election in the first instance, and is doing a business which footed up, at the close of the fiscal year for 1881, a grand total of $1,500,000.

The first post-office opened in the county was at the Falls, during the Spring of 1850. The office was located in Albert Tuttle's residence, and here W. W. Bennett, as confidential agent for the distribution of the mail, exercised the duties thereunto belonging. In 1852, C. R. Johnson was appointed Postmaster, and established his headquarters in what was then known as the " Hole in the Wall," on Town Creek. He was followed by H. E. Prickett, who was in turn succeeded by John Lockhart, both of whom "kept" on Water street. Subsequently, the office was removed to Main street, where it still remains; and after service by James Barber and Dr. S. A. Sheldon, John Parsons was commissioned officer in charge. This was twenty years ago, and the commission then issued is still recognized. Two mails from east and west are received daily, and mails from points off the main line of railroads semi- and tri-weekly.

The first cemetery in the present village limits was on the second table land west of the Falls, in the addition surveyed and platted by Price & Rublee. In 1867, the association was organized by the election of W. T. Price, president; Peris Brown, treasurer, and C. R, Johnson, secretary, with W. T. Price, Peris Brown, Jacob Postweiler, J. Barrow, Capt. McSwain and J. M. Garrett. A lot, 400 feet square, on the hill east of the village, donated by D. J. Spaulding, was accepted, platted and decorated, and has since been used for burial purposes. Recently, an addition of three acres has been made to the cemetery proper, and in July, 1881, the custody and control of the society property was transferred to the town authorities, by whom the affairs have since been managed.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

MERRILLAN

Next in importance to Black River Falls, is the village of Merrillan, located in the eastern portion of Alma Township, at the crossing of the Green Bay and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha railroads. Its population is stated at 1,200, and the center of a rich lumber and agricultural country; does an immense business as compared with towns of equal size in other portions of the State. Just twenty-five years ago, L. G. Merrill and A. S. Hayden settled near the present village of Merrillan, and erected a saw mill at the foot of what is now Main street. From that date until the Fall of 1876, the improvement was operated by Mr. Merrill, when it was torn down to make way for other undertakings. The little business this afforded was the only evidence of civilization for nearly fifteen years.

To-day the dense forests that skirt the village, like an oasis in the midst of a desert, are the same that watched the founding of the town, and the red man and the deer have scarcely yet abandoned their homes in its density. The Merrill brothers becoming aware of the superior advantages this point possessed for a town, in the abundance of its easily improved water power, in its wood supplies for railroads and the adjacent prairie country, in its facilities for market, in its immense amount of pine timber lying at its very doors, and being tributary, as it is, to the best farming lands in Jackson County, determined to commence the building of a village. Accordingly, during the Summer of 1870, they erected the grist mill now operated by Martin Martens, also the frame hotel known as the Merrillan House, and these, together with a limited number of unpretentious dwelling houses erected the same season, constituted the improvements of that year. Thus was the nest egg laid, and from that day to this, the growth has been steady, if not rapid.

In the Fall of 1870, J. L. Loomis settled in the village, and, in conjunction with the Merrills, built their store, which is still standing on Main street, and has been a source of profit to the proprietors from the day its first stock was shelved. Early in the Winter or late in the Fall of the same year, John Preston, the Estey family and George Harlocker located on the village site, built homes included among the number above given, and identified themselves with the growth and development of future Merrillan.

The succeeding Spring, matters thereabout remained practically unchanged. The West Wisconsin Railroad, since changed to the C, St. P., M. & O., had been completed during the Winter, but thus far its effect upon emigration and improvement was not apparent. Very few came in, comparatively speaking, and a majority of these have since removed elsewhere. Quite a number of houses were put up, and some became permanently occupied; a few still remain. The major portion of the buildings, however, was in the township in which Merrillan is located, as distinguished from the village, and they were limited to farm houses, with here and there a saw mill. In the Spring, George Trumbull settled in the village, and built a residence near the mill. Ole Oleson put up a portion of the present American House, which then occupied a lot on the cross street on which the Merrillan House is situated. John Estey built a residence opposite Loomis's store, and there were other small buildings of minor importance to the future of the place, which dotted the territory in the immediate vicinity. During 1872, there were some accessions to the number of inhabitants, as also to the improvements which found birth in the village, but the most rapid growth experienced in the history of Merrillan up to that period was reserved for 1873, when the building of the Green Bay road was being carried on. This added an impetus to the place, and was instrumental in its growth. Its completion to the village was accomplished on December 24, 1873, and caused general rejoicing. Though the event was not entirely un looked for, its subsequent influence was such as to permanently assure the success and prosperity of Merrillan, and business became " rushing" at once. The celebration of the event was immediately followed by the arrival of substantial settlers, who began improving, and laid the foundation for a future that has since been realized. Seymour Page erected a residence; A. Wood put up a drug store, the first in the village; A. H. Owens, a furniture establishment, also the pioneer in that line of business; Merrill Brothers built a hardware store, and put in a stock of goods; this building was burned in March, 1881. The American House, then called the Williams House, was removed to the corner of Main and Loomis streets, enlarged and opened as a hotel by M. N. Davidson, as a public house. The village was platted this year, and the Green Bay Company put up the Blair House. It was really a fine building for the place, and its eligible location, superior appointments and other features of excellence procured for it no inconsiderable reputation throughout the country. The original building was burned in November, 1876, but was erected at once, and to-day is the most prominent caravansary in the village. S, E. Brown, C. N. Paine, Dr. J. W. Hamilton (the first physician), George Merrill, it is thought, and some others less prominent, settled in Merrillan this year, in addition to those of whom mention has been previously made.

The next Summer, the Green Bay road was completed to Winona, and again an impetus was given to the town. H. Ketchum, president of the road, having invested quite largely in pine lands, built a steam mill three miles north of the village, with which it was connected by railroad, purposely built for conveying lumber to Merrillan, where it was shipped to all points west. About this time Jewell & Lawrence purchased an interest in the establishment, and operated it for some months, after which C. A. Paine & Co. became the sole proprietors. It was a mammoth institution, giving employment to from one to three hundred hands, and manufacturing nearly as much lumber as all the rest of the mills in Jackson County at that time. In 1875, it was burned up, together with a considerable stock. The fire caught from the engine, and flashed like powder tlirough the dry dust collected in the mill, destroying the structure before any effort could be made for its protection.

Merrillan Lodge, No. 246, I. O. O. F.—Was organized December 3, 1875, with L. E. Bates, A. Wood, H. Thatcher, J. H. Aikins, as charter members. Tlie present officers are: A. Wood, N. G.; George K. Whitney, V. G.; A. O. Rusco and E. J. Austin, secretaries ; J. H. Williams, treasurer, and H. Thatcher, P. G. The present membership is seventy-six, with weekly meetings. La Belle Lodge, No. 65, D. of R. — Was organizedunder a dispensation issued October 12, 1880, with the following officers : G. B. Marvin, N. G.; Mrs. G. B. Marvin, V. G.; Mrs. B. H. Darling, secretary, and Mrs. S. E. Brown, treasurer. The present officers are : Mrs. S. Rusco, N. G.; Mrs. B. H. Darling, V. G.; Mrs. G. B. Marvin, secretary, and Mrs. L. E. Bates, treasurer. The membership is limited as yet, and meetings are held monthly on the first Tuesday evening. Merrillan Council, No. 601, Royal Arcanum.— A benevolent organization with objects similar to that of the United Workingmen. Was instituted during the Summer of 1881, by George H. Ingalls, of Green Bay. The officers elected were: W. H. Avery, regent; T. J. Hill, vice-regent; George Henderson, secretary; E. J. Austin, collector ; L. A. Comstock, treasurer; Alexander Sires, chaplain; Dr. J. W. Hamilton, medical examiner; L. J. Snell, warden; E. A. Andrews, orator; C. H. Ketchum, guide, and A. H. Owens, sentry. Meetings are convened semi-monthly, on the second and fourth Mondays. Merrillan Lodge, No. 36, I. 0. G. T.— Was organized at an early day, and re-organized April 9, 1868, with the following officers : G. B. Marvin, W. C. T.; A. D. McBride, W. V. T.; S. McBride, chaplain ; Mrs. Lizzie Purnell and H. Purnell, secretaries; Mrs. O. T. Southworth, treasurer, and G. Adams, P. W. C. T. The present oflicers are : O. A. Rusco, W; C. T.; Delia Carpenter, W. V. T.; Dora Burton, W. R. S.; Thomas Foulkes, W. A. R. S.; Jay Trumbull, W. F. S.; Stella Rusco, W. T.; K. M. Hill, W. C; T. J. Hill, P. W. C. T. The Post-office was established in 1870, and located at the store of J. L. Loomis, corner Main and Loomis streets, with Mr. Loomis as Postmaster. Neither site nor official has since been changed.

The Cemetery was located soon after the platting of the village, and on December 23, 1873, occurred the first burial, being a child of Orrin Escey. The tract embraces five acres, handsomely laid out and platted.

Fire.—On the 5th of March, 1881, there was a serious fire on Main street, burning out the buildings on the west side between Pear and Loomis. The loss was $25,000, divided among A. H. Owen, Luddell & Watson, J. B. Emery, O. T. Southworth, E. Purnell, A. D. Merrill, Wm. McBride, Geo. Henderson, W. H. Avery, A. Wood, L. J. Ives, W. C. Eastman and some others.

As a basis for prosperity, Merrillan has six extensive sawmills, which employ 250 men, and annually place on the market some 18,000,000 and 20,000,000 feet of lumber. Being at the union of the two main branches of Hall's Creek, there is a fine water-power operating a part of these mills. C. N. Paine & Co. The mill of this firm is situated four miles north of the village. It is operated by steam, and has a tramway to convey the lumber to town. Lumber, shingles and lath are manufactured. There is also a planing mill connected with the establishment. Seventyfive men are employed and eight millions turned out annually. D. B. Lyon & Son. This mill is on the north branch of Hall's Creek, about two miles west of the town, and is operated by water. Lumber, lath and shingles are cut, and in the village the firm have a planing-mill where doors, sash and blinds are manufactured. Wakefield, Trow & Co. This mill is a mile and a half east of Merrillan; has steam and water-power, and is on Hall's Creek proper. The lumber yard of the firm is on the Green Bay, Winona & St. Paul road. The usual varieties of lumber are manufactured.  B. H. Merrill. This mill is one-half mile west of the village. Lumber, lath and shingles are manufactured. H. Fuller. This mill is on the west branch of Hall's Creek, was run by water; the dam, however, went out in the October freshet in 1881, and is now idle. Merrill & Jones, on the east branch of Hall's Creek. Lumber and shingles. Hayden's mill, on the main branch of the creek, went out with the freshet of 1881. Planing mill, manufacturing doors, sash and blinds, Meldal & Sunde, proprietors. Merrillan flouring mills, Martin Martens. This mill was at first started by Merrill Bros., in 1870. In 1878 it came into the possession of the present proprietor. It is located on Hall's Creek, with a valuable water-power. Was thoroughly repaired in the Fall of 1881. The mill is 40x60, three stories in height; patent and all the best grades of flour are made, and does a good custom business, as mill stock brands.

Newspaper.— The Wisconsin Leader. An eight-column folio, which first spread its light in May, 1877, with B. J. Castle as editor and proprietor. The Winter following, E. H. Gile became an associate on the paper, and finally sole proprietor in July, 1878, and he is still the publisher.

This is quite a railroad center. The Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha, the Green Bay, Winona & St. Paul, and a branch to Neillsville, constitute the railroad facilities. There is a union depot in connection with an eatinghouse and hotel, which was enlarged and rebuilt in 1881. Davis & Barker are proprietors of the hotel and diningrooms. The station agent is W. W. Driggs; George Denton, operator; Samuel A. Markle, W. G. Richardson, clerks; D. M. McCormick, baggage-master ; Frank Floutt, assistant baggage-master. Monthly receipts for freight on C, St. P., M. & O., $4,000 per month ; passenger fares, $2,000. On G. B., W. & St. P., freight $3,000, passenger $1,500.

Water Power.—The water power in the vicinity of Merrillon is unrivaled. Hall's Creek and all its branches have mill privileges, a very few of which are utilized, and they can be made available at little cost.

Hotels.—Hotel accommodations are ample, and embrace the follow-ing houses :

Blair House and Railroad Dining Hall — Davis & Barker, proprietors. The American House—M. N. Davidson, proprietor; has kept this house and stable for seven years.

Marshall House— J- W. Marshall, proprietor; near the railroad station.

Oriental House—Alex. Sires, proprietor. Green Bay House—Joseph Bone, proprietor.

Scandinavian—Martin Sorenson, proprietor. Norwegian House—Ole S. Oleson, proprietor. Merrillon House—L. A. Comstock, proprietor. Livery and Sale Stables—L. A. Comstock. Real Estate Dealer—B. H. Merrill.

Merchandising— Merrillon is a good place in which to trade. Stocks are well kept up, and prices are close to the market.

J. L. Loomis—This is the pioneer store, started by Merrill & Loomis in 1870. In 1879, Mr. Loomis became sole proprietor. The store is 24x60, with a wing 16x60. It has

a large and varied stock of general merchandise, and contains the post-office.

C. N. Paine & Co.—A large general store, 33x100 feet, well filled with a varied assortment.

George K. Whitney—A well stocked general store. Watches, Jewelry, etc.

Sydney E. Brown & Co. This house was started in 1873. The fancy goods and millinery department is under the supervision of Mrs. Brown. Sewing machines are a large item in the business.

.Agricultural Depot—.A. W. Prindle; also dealer in grain, produce, etc.

Drugs and Groceries — Mr. .A.. Wood established the first drug store in town, in 1878. He sold out to Dr. S McBride. In the Spring of 1881, Mr. Wood resumed an interest in the business. They have a large stock in their special lines of goods.

Drugs and Medicines — Dr. J. W. Hamilton. This establishment came into existence in 1875. Paints, oils, surgical instruments, books, stationery, etc., all carried on in addition to druggists' sundries.

Furnishing Goods—W. H. Avery. Millinery, ladies' and gents' furnishing goods in great variety.

Hardware, Stoves and Tinware—E. Purnels. A large store, 30x80, well stocked ; shelf and heavy hardware, sewing machines, etc.

Furniture—W. H. Bunre & Co. Complete lines of furniture.

Meat Markets—Watson & Austin, Thomas & Co.

Blacksmith and Wagon Shop—J. H. Miller. Employs good workmen and does a good business.

Marble Works—J. Cannon. An artistic designer and skillful workman.

Boots and Shoes, Dry Goods and Groceries — John Wicker.

Confectionery and Restaurant—George Hicks.

Merchant Tailor—O. Madson.

Blacksmith—J. W. Dye.

Boot and Shoe Manufactory—H. C. Troen.

Beef and Poik Packers—Thomas & Co.

News Depot—E. H. Gile, Main street.

The Liberal Professions—Lawyers : Joseph Roy, George P. Rossman.

Physicians—E. E. Moore, L. L. Crawford.

Minister—H. M. Hackney.

Schools.—The schools are well up in every respect. The school building is a modern one, two stories in height, and with a good yard. It has a high, grammar, intermediate, and primary department. Prof. J. B. Emery is the principal; Kate M. Snell, teacher grammar school; Estelle Egbert, intermediate, and Lizzie Carpenter, of the primary.

The place has a single church, the Methodist.—When Benjamin Merrill came, in the -Spring of 1870, he at once started a Methodist prayer meeting. At first only four members could be rallied: Benjamin Merrill, Mrs. B. Hamilton, and Mr. and Mrs. George Horlacher. Mr. Merrill conducted the meetings until the Fall of 1870, when Rev. William Massey came, and since his time the following reverend gentlemen have been stationed here: A. W. Clingman, and in June, 1871, there was a rousing camp meeting here; Taylor, Waldron, Lewis, Hackney, and the present pastor, Rev. W. C. Ross. The church edifice was started in 1875, and is not yet quite completed. There is a Sunday-school, and the church is in good condition.

Merrillan was incorporated as a village. May 3, 1881. A census taken by E. J. Austin, showed 694 people within the corporate limits. The first election was held May 31, 1881, when the following officers were elected: Sydney E. Brown, President; M. Martens, J. H. Miller, J. W. Hamilton, N. H. Southworth, O. S. Oleson, N. McEwen, Trustees; L. E. Bates, Clerk; L. A. Comstock, Treasurer; T. J. Foulks, Jr., Police Justice; H. Thatcher, Marshal; I. E. Darling, Justice of the Peace; J. L. Snell, Constable; A. S. Trow, Supervisor. These are the present officers.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881

NORTH BEND

A pleasant country hamlet on Black River in Melrose Township, eight miles south of the village of Melrose, was first settled by Thomas Douglas during the year 1845, when he came into the county and erected a saw mill on the present village site. He was soon afterward followed by W. H. Marshall, M. K. Pyn, Samuel Stevens and family, Sylvester Abbey, W. A. Thomas and others, and in 1865 the last named surveyed the village, platted the same and erected a grist mill, which is still standing. Soon after this he opened the first store established in the village, though Thomas Douglas had been recognized as the town store-keeper since 1846, when he added mercantile to his business of farming and milling.

In 1866, William H. Chamberlain, who became a resident about 1861 or 1862, opened a hotel, which is the only house of entertainment accessible to travelers. In 1879, John MacDonald became its proprietor, re-modeling and improving the same in a marked degree. The arrivals between 1860 and 1870 of prominence include Thomas McLean, the village Justice, Alexander Burr, merchant, Alexander Anderson, wagon-maker, B. F. Gipple, Postmaster, and others. In 1878, Dr. McMurtry came in, but the arrivals previous and subsequent to the dates mentioned were neither numerous nor important. The post-office was established early in the '60's, with Thomas Douglas as Postmaster, followed by Alexander Burr and B. F. Gipple, the latter in charge. There is no school-house in the village, and but two church edifices—the Presbyterian, erected in 1863, at a cost of $1,000, with the Rev. Robert Christiansen as pastor at present, and the Methodist, built in 1864, at a similar cost, with the Rev. Mr. Bryan pastor in charge. The mill is supplied with two run of stone and cost $4,000. In addition to these evidences of prosperity, there is an Odd Fellows' lodge, chartered in 1865,and a lodge of Good Templars, instituted in 1866 or '67. The village contains a population of about 125 souls.

History of Northern Wisconsin 1881